高计数率软X射线能谱仪诊断高温等离子体

本文给出了在ＨＴ－６Ｍ托卡马克装置上做ＥＣＲＨ实验时，用软Ｘ射线诊断等离子体电子温度的数据及处理结果。还尝试了能够提供每次放电数据的方法。如果在实验中要求温度的时间分布，本方法能够及时提供每次放电的电子温度及其随时间变化的情况。     

Pb-Sn合金固—液转变过程的内耗行为

在连续升温过程中,测量了Pb-Sn合金的内耗.实验发现：在共晶成分范围内,伴随着Pb-Sn 合金的固—液转变,内耗值出现突然下降.内耗值的下降幅度与Pb-Sn合金成分有关.固—液 转变过程中的内耗是由材料结构变化或弛豫时间变化引起的. 关键词： 内耗 固—液转变 Pb-Sn合金     

A molecular level study of liquid water with a flexible water model

The structural properties of water at different temperatures and pressures have been investigated by using a flexible water model and the inherent structure mechanism. The presence of 60$^\circ$ peak in the O--O--O angle distribution function and the behaviours of the hydrogen bonds in the first shell indicate that some water molecules in the second shell move toward the central molecules through the bending (not breaking) of hydrogen bonds and even become first-shell molecules of the central molecule on the basis of the O--O cutoff distance but not first-shell molecules by means of the hydrogen-bond criterion. The inherent-structure analysis of the O--O radial distribution functions at different pressures shows that the first peak is almost independent of the pressure; the position of second peak moves from 0.45 to 0.32nm as the pressure increases from $1\times 10^5$Pa to $1\times 10^9$Pa. This particularly evident pressure effect, i.e. the constant nearest-neighbours and the transformation of outer-neighbours on the basis of O--O distance, together with the results at different temperatures, gives a positive evidence for the two-state outer-neighbour mixture model: liquid water is a mixture of Ice-Ih-type-bonding and Ice-II-type bonding structures.