基于一种远程双脉冲激光诱导击穿光谱系统原位分析钢样成分

为了实现钢铁等金属熔炼过程中实时、在线监测元素组分含量,设计了一种远程双脉冲激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)分析系统,对远距离的样品进行非接触式远程测量、成分分析。首先利用固体标准钢样对系统进行了测试以及标定,为下一步利用此系统在线监测熔融钢液组分含量提供了基础。实验结果表明：激光远距离聚焦光斑在1 mm左右;双脉冲烧蚀比单脉冲烧蚀深度深很多;双脉冲最佳延时在不同距离下不一致;3.1 m处双脉冲增强效果比2.1 m处更好,其中Ti(Ⅰ)319.99 nm增强最显著为5.19倍;各种元素的标定曲线相关系数r都在0.99左右,重复精度(RSD)基本都小于5%,测量偏差(RMSE)都小于0.021%,2.1 m处的检出限相比3.1 m处更低,2.1 m处多数元素检出限小于500 ppm。     

基于激光诱导击穿光谱的合金钢组分偏最小二乘法定量分析

在炼钢中合金浓度的检测和控制对产品质量影响很大,激光诱导击穿光谱(laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, LIBS)技术具有快速、非接触、无需制样等特点,非常适合应用于合金成分的在线分析。但是由于合金中的C, S, P元素的成分含量都很低,其原子发射谱线极易淹没在复杂的铁元素特征谱线之中,造成这些重要元素在线定量分析困难。以合金钢标准光谱样品为研究对象,获取激光诱导击穿光谱数据,采用定标曲线法(calibration curve, CC)和偏最小二乘法(partial least squares, PLS),对合金钢样品的主量和微量元素进行定量分析。比较两种方法的定标结果得出：对于主量元素,PLS方法的定量分析水平优于传统的CC法;更重要的是对于微量元素,由于特征谱线极弱,CC法无法得出定量结果,而PLS法仍然具有良好的定量分析能力。同时,将PLS法回归模型特征谱线处的回归系数与原始有背景干扰的光谱强度数据进行比较,阐述了LIBS数据定量分析中PLS方法的优势。结果表明,在激光诱导击穿光谱合金成分分析中,PLS方法适合用于C等微量元素的定量分析。     

三轴测力传感器的剪切力高阶效应实验研究

本文通过实验,指出剪切力会使具有某种结构的三轴测力传感器产生高阶正应力效应,这种效应在理论上属于非线性弹性力学中的简单剪切问题,被称为“Poynting效应”,它有时严重地影响测力传感器的使用,甚至导致实验失败。然而,这种现象在线弹性力学中是无法解释的。因此,它应该引起三轴测力传感器设计者的注意。     

PROFINET IO-PROFIBUS PA网关设计与实现方法

为研究了现场总线在工业以太网中的集成方法,提出一种从PROFINET-IO到PROFIBUS PA的网关设计方案,采用西门子EB200 IO从站卡并外接PROFIBUS PA通信驱动电路作为该网关的硬件实现方案。设计软件实现数据模型的映射和网络功能服务的映射。通过对网关进行功能和性能测试验证了其可行性,并良好的兼容于基于GSD的工程系统。     

In situ analysis of magnesium alloy using a standoff and double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system

To monitor the components of molten magnesium alloy during the smelting process in real time and online, we designed a standoff double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analysis system that can perform focusing, collecting and imaging of long-range samples. First, we tested the system on solid standard magnesium alloy samples in the laboratory to establish a basis for the online monitoring of the components of molten magnesium alloy in the future. The experimental results show that the diameters of the focus spots are approximately 1 mm at a range of 3 m, the ablation depth of the double-pulse mode is much deeper than that of the single-pulse mode, the optimum interpulse delay of the double pulse is inconsistent at different ranges, and the spectral intensity decays rapidly as the range increases. In addition, the enhancement effect of the double pulse at 1.89 m is greater than that at 2.97 m, the maximum enhancement is 7.1-fold for the Y(I)550.35-nm line at 1.89 m, and the calibration results at 1.89 m are better than those at 2.97 m. At 1.89 m, the determination coefficients (R²) of the calibration curves are approximately 99% for Y, Pr, and Zr; the relative standard deviations (RSDs) are less than 10% for Y, Pr, and Zr; the root mean square errors (RMSEs) are less than 0.037% for Pr and Zr; the limits of detection (LODs) are less than 1000 ppm for Y, Pr, and Zr; and the LODs of Y, Pr, and Zr at 2.97 m are higher than those at 1.89 m. Additionally, we tested the system on molten magnesium alloy in a magnesium alloy plant. The calibration results of the liquid magnesium alloy are not as favorable as those of the sampling solid magnesium alloys. In particular, the RSDs of the liquid magnesium alloy are approximately 20% for Pr and La. However, with future improvements in the experimental conditions, the developed system is promising for the in situ analysis of molten magnesium alloy.     

基于LIBS技术在线监测熔融铝水中的元素成分

在辽宁忠旺集团有限公司的熔铸厂,利用自主研制的LIBS液态金属成分在线分析仪对熔融铝水的成分进行了在线监测.研究了通入探杆中氩气的最佳流量以及探测深度与氩气波动的规律,发现氩气流量为1~1.4L/min时,光谱强度最强,探测深度位于氩气压力波动范围在±300Pa,并且压力波动有规律时的位置,各元素浓度稳定性好;利用实验室分析得到的固样数据对设备进行了标定,长时间测试得到的在线监测结果为:Si、Fe、Cu、Mn、Cr的重复精度都小于2%;浓度在0.1%~1%之间的Si、Fe、Mg的测量偏差都小于0.01%,浓度低于0.1%的Cu、Mn、Cr的测量偏差都小于0.001%;探杆多次升降浓度测量的稳定性小于3%.LIBS液态金属成分分析仪的测量重复精度、测量偏差以及多次升降测量的稳定性都能满足工业现场要求,完全可以实现实时、在线监测熔融铝水的成分.