Surface plasmon interference formed by tightly focused higher polarization order axially symmetric polarized beams

We numerically study the surface plasmon interference formed by tightly focused higher polarization order axially symmetric polarized beams (ASPBs) based on the vectorial diffraction theory. The definition of ASPBs is stated, and the optical setup for surface plasmon polariton (SPP) excitation and mathematical expressions for interfering SPP fields are proposed. The simulation results show that the interfering SPP fields present a multi-focal spot pattern. In addition, the number of spots is related to the polarization order of the incident beams P as 2×(P-1), indicating potential utilization in near-field multiple optical trapping and near-field imaging and sensing. The unique interfering phenomenon is also explained.     

基于荧光光镊与机器学习的单细胞血液分类方法

利用物种间血液成分的差异来识别物种,对生物医学、医疗健康、海关、刑侦、食品安全、野生动物保护等工作十分重要。但目前的研究都是针对群体细胞展开,忽略了单细胞的异质性,开展基于单细胞的血液光谱分类方法研究非常迫切。在此提出了一种基于荧光光镊和机器学习的单细胞血液分类方法,利用光镊实现了单细胞捕获,通过荧光光谱检测系统获得了单细胞荧光光谱数据,并基于机器学习方法实现了准确分类。首先,设计并搭建了一套荧光光镊系统,实现了单细胞捕获和荧光光谱检测。然后,制备了马、猪、犬、鸡四种动物的红细胞稀释液,以440 nm激光作为荧光激发光源,获得了四个物种每种100条、共计400条荧光光谱数据,并进行了背景去除、平滑、归一化的预处理,消除了信号中的噪声干扰。随后,建立了随机森林分类模型,分析了当抽取特征数k=20时,模型中树的棵数与预测准确率之间的关系,当决策树m=500时,分类正确率趋于稳定,有很高的分类正确率和运行效率。进一步地,设定样本数据的30%作为测试集、 70%为训练集,计算不同波长与特征重要性之间的关系,得到了10个分类准确率,并取平均值作为模型分类的准确率,测试集最终准确率达到93.1%,...     

STED microscopy based on axially symmetric polarized vortex beams

A stimulated emission depletion(STED) microscopy scheme using axially symmetric polarized vortex beams is proposed based on unique focusing properties of such kinds of beams. The concept of axially symmetric polarized vortex beams is first introduced, and the basic principle about the scheme is described. Simulation results for several typical beams are then shown, including radially polarized vortex beams, azimuthally polarized vortex beams, and high-order axially symmetric polarized vortex beams. The results indicate that sharper doughnut spots and thus higher resolutions can be achieved, showing more flexibility than previous schemes based on flexible modulation of both phase and polarization for incident beams.     

激光功率对光镊光阱刚度标定的影响

光阱刚度是描述光镊对粒子进行操控的重要力学指标,实际使用过程中会受到激光功率的影响。采用均方位移法及玻尔兹曼统计法对搭建的光镊系统进行光阱刚度的标定,利用图像采集方法进行微粒位移的测量,并对两种方法的测量结果进行了比较。为了提高光阱刚度的标定结果的准确性,分析了光路放大倍数、温度变化对最后标定结果的精度影响。结果表明,两种方法进行标定的结果基本相同;光阱刚度在低激光功率（1 mW ~20 mW）范围时随功率近似线性增加,在高功率情况下（25 mW~60 mW）随功率增加不再线性增加,而是趋于一个饱和值。此外,光路放大倍数标定的精确性对标定的精度影响较大,10%的相对误差时,标定结果产生23%的变化,温度对标定的精度影响较小,0.1 ℃的温度变化导致标定结果0.034%的变化。     

幅值和相位配准技术及其在光学相干层析血流成像中的应用

频域光学相干层析系统中扫描机构定位精度、 机械抖动及样品移动会造成A扫描信号幅值和相位发生波动, 影响生物组织成像质量. 利用最小灰度差匹配、Lorentzian曲线极值拟合和谱域光程差补偿等方法对A 扫描信号进行幅值配准. 通过对A扫描信号相位分布特征的匹配实现相位差检测与配准. 通过求已配准的A 扫描复信号之差, 消除静态组织对血流成像的影响. 进行了人眼扫描实验, 有效提取了视网膜三维血流图像. 实验结果表明, 提出的幅值及相位配准方法大大减小了系统扫描精度、人眼跳动等因素对生物组织在体成像质量的影响. 快速、精确的相位配准方法也可广泛应用在多普勒OCT、相位显微等与相位分辨有关的光学成像领域. 关键词： 频域光学相干层析 配准 血流成像 相位分布特征     

Focusing of high polarization order axially-symmetric polarized beams

We study the high numerical aperture focusing properties and typical applications of axially-symmetric polarized beams （ASPBs） with high polarization orders. We calculate the field distribution near focus of an aplanatic system for incident ASPBs with different polarization orders and initial azimuthal angles, and based on the simulation results, we find some unique focusing properties of the beams, such as ever on-axis energy null, strong longitudinal field, and flowerlike intensity distribution at focus. In addition, we can manipulate the three-dimensional （3D） focused field distribution flexibly by use of diffractive optical elements （DOEs）, which will give rise to some interesting applications, and we also discuss possible applications and present an example of a 3D optical chain at last.     

Experimental verification on tightly focused radially polarized vortex beams

The theoretical and experimental results of tightly focused radially polarized vortex beams are demonstrated. An auto-focus technology is introduced into the measurement system in order to enhance the measurement precision, and the radially polarized vortex beams are generated by a liquid-crystal polarization converter and a vortex phase plate. The focused fields of radially polarized vortex beams with different topological charges at numerical apertures （NAs） of 0.65 and 0.85 are measured respectively, and the results indicate that the total intensity distribution at focus is dependent not only on the NA of the focusing objective lens and polarization pattern of the beam but also on the topological charge l of the beam. Some unique focusing properties of radially polarized vortex beams with fractional topological charges are presented based on numerical calculations. The experimental verification paves the way for some practical applications of radially polarized vortex beams, such as in optical trapping, near-field microscopy, and material processing.     

传送带物体线结构光三维扫描成像系统的位移标定方法研究

在对传送带上物体进行三维扫描成像过程中,位移标定方法的便捷性、准确性对于最终的成像精度和效率有非常重要的影响,但传统的位移标定方法需要已知位移平台或者传送带的运动速度或严格控制两次标定图片中标定板之间的精确位移,使得标定过程较为复杂。论文提出了一种专门用于传送带上物体测量的线结构光三维扫描成像系统的位移标定方法。只需要采集一系列标定板随传送带移动的位移标定图片,从中提取两张帧数间隔大于1的图片并记录对应的帧数,即可对单帧位移进行标定。介绍了该标定方法的基本原理和实现方法,搭建了线扫描单目成像系统,并对双阶梯型精度块进行了三维重建。实验结果表明,方法原理简单,操作便捷,测量速度更快且重建误差小于0.3mm,适用于以传送带作为主要运输工具的各个领域的实时三维测量。     

Tight focusing of axially symmetric polarized vortex beams

Tight focusing of axially symmetric polarized vortex beams is studied numerically based on vector diffraction theory. The mathematical expressions for the focused fields are derived. Simulation results show that the focused fields and phase distributions at focus are largely influenced by both the polarization order and topological charge of the incident beams. Moreover, focal spots with flat-topped or tightly-focused patterns can be flexibly achieved by carefully choosing the polar- ization order and the topological charge, which confirms the potential of such beams in wide applications, such as optical tweezers, laser printing, lithography, and material processing.     

Multiple optical trapping based on high-order axially symmetric polarized beams

Multiple optical trapping with high-order axially symmetric polarized beams(ASPBs) is studied theoretically,and a scheme based on far-field optical trapping with ASPBs is first proposed.The focused fields and the corresponding gradient forces on Rayleigh dielectric particles are calculated for the scheme.The calculated results indicate that multiple ultra-small focused spots can be achieved,and multiple nanometer-sized particles with refractive index higher than the ambient can be trapped simultaneously near these focused spots,which are expected to enhance the capabilities of traditional optical trapping systems and provide a solution for massive multiple optical trapping of nanometer-sized particles.