Motile parameters of cell migration in anisotropic environment derived by speed power spectrum fitting with double exponential decay

Cell migration through anisotropic microenvironment is critical to a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes.However,adequate analytical tools to derive motile parameters to characterize the anisotropic migration are lacking.Here,we proposed a method to obtain the four motile parameters of migration cells based on the anisotropic persistent random walk model which is described by two persistence times and two migration speeds at perpendicular directions.The key process is to calculate the velocity power spectra of cell migration along intrinsically perpendicular directions respectively,then to apply maximum likelihood estimation to derive the motile parameters from the power spectra fitting with double exponential decay.The simulation results show that the averaged persistence times and the corrected migration speeds can be good estimations for motile parameters of cell migration.     

安徽齐云山恐龙蛋化石的显微结构和拉曼光谱特征

安徽齐云山恐龙蛋化石为最新发现,为研究恐龙蛋壳形成方式的多样性提供了新的资料。利用偏光显微镜和激光拉曼光谱仪分析了齐云山恐龙蛋蛋壳的内部矿物组成和结构特征,结果表明：齐云山恐龙蛋壳的主要组成为方解石和有机基质,其次还包括少量的石英、蛋白石、白云母、白云石、海绿石和针铁矿,成因归属于矿质填充作用和碳化作用。偏光显微结构特征显示,原生方解石和次生方解石呈明暗交替的文象结构。原生方解石结晶较差,为蛋壳成岩石化的产物,次生方解石结晶较好,其中可见少量的石英。拉曼测试原生方解石和次生方解石的主要特征峰均位于1 087,282,713和155 cm-1附近,但次生方解石比原生方解石的特征拉曼峰散射强度更强,结晶程度更高,颗粒更粗大,与镜下观察结果一致。有机基质微晶振动和晶面内C-C伸缩振动的拉曼峰分别位于1 360和1 600 cm-1附近。466,209,130,357和404 cm-1附近的拉曼峰为石英的特征峰。此外,898,629,1 458,654和481 cm-1附近的特征峰分别代表蛋白石、白云母、白云石、海绿石和针铁矿,表明围岩中的矿物质已通过蛋壳气孔或裂隙进入其内部。该结论为研究恐龙蛋壳化石的矿物成因和赋存层位的沉积环境提供了重要的参考资料。