Ab-initio molecular dynamics simulation on nano-system under external pressure

A new constant-pressure molecular dynamics (MD) method is developed to simulate the dynamic behavior and structure transition of finite system under external pressure. In this method, no artificial parameter is introduced and the computation overheads are very small. As an application, a hard-soft transition of single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) under external pressure is found, which is in agreement with the experiments.

     

N‐Heterocyclic Carbene–Palladium Complexes as Efficient Catalysts for the Oxidative Carbonylation of Amines to Ureas

A highly efficient oxidative carbonylation reaction of amines to ureas was developed making use of carbene–palladium complexes in the absence of any promoter. Both aliphatic amines and aromatic amines were transformed in good to excellent yields to the expected ureas.     

Ab-<Emphasis Type="Italic">initio</Emphasis> molecular dynamics simulation on nano-system under external pressure

A new constant-pressure molecular dynamics (MD) method is developed to simulate the dynamic behavior and structure transition of finite system under external pressure. In this method, no artificial parameter is introduced and the computation overheads are very small. As an application, a hard-soft transition of single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) under external pressure is found, which is in agreement with the experiments.     

Pd（OAc）2／[mmim]I催化体系催化胺氧化羰化合成氨基甲酸酯、脲和2-噁唑啉酮

采用Pd(OAc)2/[mmim]I催化体系,在不同反应条件下可以将烷基胺、芳香胺及氨基醇(酚)一步转化为氨基甲酸酯、脲和2-噁唑啉酮.N-苯基氨基甲酸甲酯、二苯基脲及苯并-2-噁唑酮的催化转化频率分别为12417,17638和4114h-1.     

Pd(Oac)2/[mmim]I催化体系胺氨化羰化合成氨基甲酸酯、脲和 2-(噁)唑啉酮

采用Pd(Oac)2/[mmim]I催化体系,在不同反应条件下可以将烷基胺、芳香胺及氨基醇(酚)一步转化为氨基甲酸酯、脲和 2-口恶唑啉酮. N-苯基氨基甲酸甲酯、二苯基脲及苯并-2-口恶唑酮的催化转化频率分别为 12 417, 17 638 和 4 114 h-1.     

Ferrocene-based bidentate phosphonite ligands for rhodium(I)-catalyzed enantioselective hydroformylation

A new class of chiral modular bidentate phosphonite ligands has been synthesized in good overall yields by using cheap trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane and ferrocene as starting materials, and applied in the Rh(I)-catalyzed asymmetric hydroformylation of vinyl acetate and styrene to afford the corresponding optically active aldehydes with good regioselectivity (up to 16.9 b/l ratio) and moderate to good enantioselectivity (up to 83% ee). The substituents on the backbone of the ligands are found to exhibit a remarkable effect on both the regio- and enantioselectivity of the catalysis.     

Modular chiral bidentate phosphonites: design, synthesis, and application in catalytic asymmetric hydroformylation reactions

A new class of C(2)-symmetric chiral bidentate phosphonite ligands has been synthesized in moderate to good yields from readily available starting materials. Application of these air-stable chiral phosphonites in the Rh(I)-catalyzed asymmetric hydroformylation of styrene derivatives, vinyl acetate, and allyl cyanide afforded the corresponding chiral aldehydes with high regio- and enantioselectivities under mild reaction conditions. The modular nature of the ligands allows fine-tuning of the selectivities through judicious modifications of the substituents on the ligand backbone. X-ray structural analysis of the catalyst precursor suggested that the steric hindrance caused by the protruding remote substituents of the ligands into the vicinity of the metal center might be an important factor for the enantio-control of the reaction, whereas the sense of asymmetric induction can be rationalized on the basis of a trigonal-bipyramidal transition state diagram.     

Magnetically separable Pd catalyst for carbonylative Sonogashira coupling reactions for the synthesis of alpha,beta-alkynyl ketones

A magnetically separable palladium catalyst was simply synthesized through a wet impregnation incorporating palladium nanoparticles and superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles in KBH4 solution, which is a highly efficient catalyst for the carbonylative Sonogashira coupling reaction of aryl iodides with terminal alkynes under phosphine-free conditions. This catalyst is completely magnetically recoverable due to the super paramagnetic behavior of Fe3O4 and can be reused with sustained selectivity and activity.     

Study on the synthesis and performance of 3,3′-azobis (6-amino-1,2,4,5-tetrazine)

The synthesis of high-nitrogen energetic material 3,3′-azobis (6-amino-1,2,4,5-tetrazine) (DAAT) from 3,6-bis (3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine by a four-step reaction is described. The thermal properties of DAAT were investigated by using Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Pressure differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC) and Thermogravimetry (TG) techniques. Kinetic parameters of decomposition and mechanism functions were obtained. The results showed that DAAT is thermally stable up to 283°C and gives an exotherm maximum at 320°C with ΔH of 1974.33 J·g⁻¹, which is higher than HMX. The values of E _a are 209.69 and 208.77 kJ·mol⁻¹ by the methods of Kissinger and Ozawa, respectively. The decomposition rate of DAAT is sensitive to pressure and in direct proportion to atmosphere pressure. The explosive performances of DAAT were calculated theoretically by VLW equation-of-state (EOS) and the results showed that several explosive formulations based on DAAT have high-energy and insensitive performance. Translated from Huaxue Tongbao (Chemistry), 2006, 69(9): 685–689 (in Chinese)     

A Pd(OAc)2/[mmim]I Catalyst System for Oxidative Carbonylation of Amines to Carbamates, Ureas, and 2-Oxazolidinones

A Pd(OAc)₂/[mmim]I ([mmim]I=1-methyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide) catalyst system was applied to the oxidative carbonylation of aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, and amino alcohols to carbamates, ureas, and 2-oxazolidinones under different conditions. The catalytic turnover frequencies (TOF, moles of amines converted per mole of catalyst per hour) were 12417, 17368, and 4114 h⁻¹ for the production of methyl N-phenyl carbamate, N,N′-diphenyl urea, and 2-benzoxazolinone, respectively.