无标记DNA在氨基改性导电聚吡咯表面的固定/杂交

通过吡咯(Py)与其衍生物——6-吡咯己胺(PyHA)的共聚物聚(吡咯-co-6-吡咯己胺)[poly(Py-co-PyHA)]的合成研究,并采用电化学循环伏安法来考察体系的电化学活性.在缓冲溶液中,由于探针DNA链上的负电荷与共聚物分子链上的正电荷之间存在强烈的静电吸引力,使得DNA能够固定在导电聚合物膜上.实验结果证明,目标DNA和聚吡咯薄膜之间不存在非特异性吸附,而能和探针DNA进行顺利杂交.此结果为以后研究更为敏感的DNA固定及导电聚合物敏感膜提供了实验基础.     

Design and dynamic performance research of MR hydro-pneumatic spring based on multi-physics coupling model

Aiming at the problem that the damping coefficient of the traditional hydro-pneumatic spring cannot be adjusted in real-time, the magnetorheological (MR) damping technology was introduced into the traditional hydro-pneumatic spring with single gas chamber. A new shear-valve mode MR hydro-pneumatic spring was proposed. And its dynamic performance was analyzed based on multi-physical coupling simulation and mechanical property test. Firstly, a structural scheme of MR hydro-pneumatic suspension was proposed to ensure the original height adjustment function based on the working principle of traditional hydro-pneumatic suspension with single gas chamber. Secondly, based on the design requirements, the parameter of MR hydro-pneumatic spring damping structure was designed by using MR damper design method. Thirdly, the multi-physical coupling dynamic performance of the MR hydro-pneumatic spring damping structure was analyzed based on the electromagnetic field analysis theory, flow field analysis theory and thermal field analysis theory. The analysis results showed that the designed MR hydro-pneumatic spring has reasonable magnetic circuit structure and excellent working performance. Then, the mechanical properties of MR hydro-pneumatic spring were tested. The results showed that the maximum damping force can reach 20 kN, and the dynamic adjustable multiple can reach 6.4 times. It has good controllability and meets the design requirements. Finally, a nonlinear model of MR hydro-pneumatic spring was established based on the elastic force calculation model of the gas and the Bouc–Wen model. The simulation results of the established model agree well with the experimental results, which can accurately describe the dynamic properties of the hydro-pneumatic spring. The proposed design and modeling method of the MR hydro-pneumatic spring can provide a theoretical basis for the related vibration damping devices.

     

温敏聚氨酯膜用于不同尺寸物质的选择性分离

通过湿法转相技术制备了温敏聚氨酯(thermal sensitive polyurethane,TSPU)膜,并用于氯化钠、甘氨酸和胶原蛋白等不同尺寸物质的选择性分离.示差扫描量热分析仪(DSC)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明,TSPU具有典型的嵌段结构(即软段和硬段),软段和硬段具有各自的结晶相及相态转变温度(将软段的相转变温度定义为开关温度,Ts).热台偏光显微镜观察表明,当温度低于Ts时,TSPU的软段具有较好的结晶形态,且为球晶型;但当温度超过Ts后,软段的结晶逐渐熔融、消失.运用扫描电镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对TSPU膜的形貌结构进行分析,结果表明,TSPU膜的表面(层)相对致密,且具有细小的微孔结构;截面为非对称的多孔结构,这种形态结构对TSPU膜的选择渗透性起决定性作用.通过测定湿膜干燥后的质量损失来计算膜的孔隙率发现,当温度从Ts-10℃升高到Ts+10℃时,膜的孔隙率从46.7%上升到65.3%,表现出明显的温敏特性.将TSPU膜用于氯化钠、甘氨酸和胶原蛋白分离时发现,尺寸较小的物质如钠离子和氯离子在低温下即可透过,且透过通量随温度的升高而增大.而中等尺寸甘氨酸的透过通量则呈现明显的温度依赖性,即低温时(TTs),由于存在栅栏效应,透过通量较小;高温时(TTs),甘氨酸的透过通量明显增大,显示出了温敏特性.胶原蛋白由于分子尺寸大,即使在开关温度以上,也不能透过TSPU膜.因此,利用TSPU膜的温敏特性,可以实现胶原蛋白、氨基酸、氯化钠等不同尺寸物质的选择性分离.     

Photosensitive Azopolymer Brushes via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization for Protein Sensing

Novel photosensitive azopolymer brushes were synthesized via surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization using initiator self‐assembled on Au surface. The chemical structures of azobenzene derivatives were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The surface morphology of azopolymers via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) for different time was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Additionally, the photoisomerization of azopolymer was measured by ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV‐Vis). The results indicate that such azopolymers can undergo trans‐cis‐trans photoisomerization efficiently by photo‐irradiation with UV light. Furthermore, this photoisomerization property could also induce the reversible adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption on azopolymer brush surfaces. This adsorption kinetics of the reversible process can be measured by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy in situ. It suggests that the protein biochips could be regenerated safely by UV irradiation rather than by being rinsed with chemical reagents.     

Discrete time transfer matrix method for dynamics of multibody system with real-time control

By taking the control and feedback parameters into account in state vectors, defining new state vectors and deducing new transfer equations and transfer matrices for actuator, controlled element and feedback element, a new method named as the discrete time transfer matrix method for controlled multibody system (CMS) is developed to study dynamics of CMS with real-time control in this paper. This method does not need the global dynamics equations of system. It has the modeling flexibility, low order of system matrix, high computational efficiency, and is efficient for general CMS. Compared with the ordinary dynamics methods, the proposed method has more advantages for dynamics design and real-time control of a complex CMS. Adopting the PID adaptive controller and modal velocity feedback control on PZT actuators, and applying the proposed method and ordinary dynamics method, respectively, the tip trajectory tracking for a flexible manipulator is carried out. Formulations of the method as well as numerical simulation are given to validate the proposed method.     

Towards understanding of protein adsorption behavior on plasma polymerized pyrrole film

Plasma polymerized pyrrole-like (PPpy) films exhibit good environmental stability and offer high reactivity with biomolecules. The present paper follows on from previous work on PPpy films applied as DNA immobilization/hybridization and describes the adsorption kinetics of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on PPpy films. Atom force microscopy was used to detect the surface roughness of PPpy surfaces obtained at different input powers or for different polymerization time, including the surface roughness before and after BSA adsorption. The influence of experimental conditions (i.e., the plasma input power, the polymerization time, the concentration of BSA, and the pH values of buffer solutions) on protein adsorption was investigated in situ by Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR). SPR analysis confirmed the differently dynamic adsorption behavior of BSA on PPpy films under various experimental conditions. The adsorption constant, K _a , was deduced from Langmuir isotherm equations, which were simulated using experimental data collected by SPR and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Analysis of the combination data of SPR and EIS indicates that PPpy films under various conditions show completely different adsorption behaviors and could be applied as biomaterials for electrochemical protein sensing or as protein-resistant.      

Graphene nanostructures with plasma-polymerized pyrrole as an adsorbent layer for biosensors

We report on a novel nanoarchitecture for use in highly bioactive electrochemical biosensors. It consists of multilayers of nanostructured plasma-polymerized pyrrole (ppPY) and nanosheets of electrically conductive graphene. The ppPY films were deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition on a graphene surface to form nanostructured composites (G-ppPY). The G-ppPY films were then coated with protein (BSA as a model) by adsorption, and then with DNA. The adsorption of protein and DNA on the nanocomposite was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and with a quartz crystal microbalance. Results demonstrated that the adsorption of biomolecules on G-ppPY films causes a higher variation in its electrochemical properties and adsorbed amount than that on a plain ppPY surface. This indicates that the presence of graphene can enhance the electrochemical activity of ppPY without reducing the sensitivity of biomolecular adsorption.

绕三维水翼云状空化现象的实验研究

为了研究云状空化阶段空穴发展和脱落的机理,采用实验的方法对绕三维水翼云状空化流动进行了研究.实验在高速水洞中进行,采用高速摄像技术研究了不同空化阶段的空穴形态,并测量了翼型所受的升阻力,并对上述数据进行了频谱分析.结果发现:在云状空化阶段,观测到空穴的产生-发展-脱落-溃灭的准周期性变化;并捕捉到空泡脱落时附着在翼型前...     

DNA在羧基功能化吡咯共聚物导电薄膜上的固定/杂交行为

将(N-吡咯)己基硫醇自组装在金膜上,并采用化学氧化聚合法使吡咯与羧基功能化吡咯衍生物在自组装薄膜上进行共聚.然后对共聚物进行羧基活化处理.探针DNA通过与共聚物膜之间的共价键作用而固定在其表面上,接着与靶向DNA杂交.同时采用傅立叶红外变换光谱仪和X-射线光电子能谱仪对共聚物在DNA固定前后的化学组成进行详细表征.采...