Computer-controlled measurement of thermal conductivities of aqueous salt solutions

A computer-controlled method to measure liquid thermal conductivities is described, and data are presented for aqueous electrolyte solutions. The relative thermal conductivities of sodium chloride and sodium iodide solutions agree well with previously published results. The effect of temperature on the thermal conductivity was investigated, and it was found that in the range 23–67°C the relative thermal conductivity was invariant with temperature within the experimental error (less than 1%). For a given concentration of 1-1 electrolyte, the relative thermal conductivity was found to vary linearly with the molecular weight of the solute.     

Selection of malignant melanoma variant cell lines for ovary colonization

Murine melanoma line B16-F1, which shows some specificity for metastatic organ colonization of lung but rarely metastasizes to ovary, was used to select variant cell lines with increased preference for experimental ovary metastasis. Ovary-colonizing melanoma cell lines were sequentially selected in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice by repeated intravenous administration and surgical recovery of ovarian melanoma tumors for tissue culture. After ten selections for experimental ovary metastasis, line B16-010 was established which formed experimental metastatic ovary tumors in almost every test animal. In tissue culture B16-010 cells grew in circular colonies with rounded, smooth cell peripheries compared to B16-F1 cells which were flatter, grew in irregular patterns, and exhibited long cellular projections. Ovary-selected B16 lines contained less melanin pigment (B16-010 less than B16-05 less than B16-01 approximately equal to B16-F1) compared to the parental melanoma line. Together with previous cloning and selection data, these results are consistent with the preexistence of highly malignant cells in the parental tumor population that possess the ability to metastasize to specific organs.     

A Planar Biaxial Experiment Platform for In Situ High-Energy Diffraction Studies

Experimental Mechanics - An experimental platform for multiscale studies of materials subjected to plane stress loads is presented. Coupling with far-field high-energy diffraction microscopy for...