Phytochemical investigation of Euphorbia trigona

Euphorbia species (Family: Euphorbeaceae) have wide applicability in traditional medicines and biofuel sector, and are also rich sources of secondary metabolites, especially terpenoids, attributed with various pharmacological properties. Though 82 Euphorbia species are reported in India, most of the species are uninvestigated for their constituents or potential utilities. Present study reports the isolation and characterization of chemical constituents, estimation of major triterpenoids using a validated HPTLC method and cytotoxicity of plant and latex extracts of Euphorbia trigona. As the secondary metabolites epi-friedelinyl acetate, 3β-friedelinol, taraxerol, rhoiptlenone, stigmasterol and stearic acid were isolated and characterized from E. trigona. HPTLC estimation showed 3β-friedelinol at 0.91 ?± ?0.11% and taraxerol at 1.45 ?± ?0.12% was present in E. trigona plant powder (dry weight). Plant and latex extracts were found non toxic towards normal cell line H9C2 (cardiac myoblasts) and showed insignificant cytotoxic effects towards HeLa (cervical cancer cell line) upto 100 ?μg/ml concentration.     

Curcuma ecalcarata – new natural source of pinocembrin and piperitenone

Phytochemical analysis of the rhizome extract of Curcuma ecalcarata, a hitherto uninvestigated south Western Ghats endemic species, resulted in the isolation and identification of the diaryl heptanoid trans, trans-1,7-diphenyl-5-hydroxy-4,6-heptadiene-3-one (1), steroid β-sitosterol (2), flavanone pinocembrin (4) and monoterpenoids piperitenone (3) and 8-hydroxy piperitone (5). HPTLC estimation of pinocembrin in the rhizome revealed the plant as a rich source of pinocembrin (0.37% dry wt.). The rhizome essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC–FID, GC–MS and ¹³C NMR. Among the 30 constituents identified in the oil, monoterpenoids predominated (94.2%) followed by sesquiterpenoids (5.8%). The major compound consisting of 65.2% of the oil was isolated and identified as piperitenone (3). The study highlights the plant as a rich source of the flavanone pinocembrin and the volatile aroma compound piperitenone.     

Ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of multiple bioactive constituents in fruit extracts of Myristica fragrans and its marketed polyherbal formulations using a polarity switching technique

Fruits of Myristica fragrans Houtt. are the source of two valuable spices: nutmeg and mace, traditionally used for its flavoring and medicinal properties and found as an ingredient in many marketed polyherbal formulations and food products. In this study, a sensitive and efficient ultra high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the rapid determination of 16 bioactive constituents in different parts of the fruit of M. fragrans and its marketed polyherbal formulations using a polarity switching technique. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Aquity UPLC BEH C₁₈ column in 9.4 min. Quantitative analysis was performed using multiple reaction monitoring mode with continuous polarity switching in a single analysis. The developed method was found to be accurate with overall recovery in the range from 95.95 to 102.07% (RSD ≤ 1.91%), precise (RSD ≤ 1.98%), and linear (r² ≥ 0.9992) over the concentration range of 0.1–200 ng/mL. Quantitative analysis indicated that the total content of the 16 bioactive constituents was highest in the mace of M. fragrans. Thus, this rapid and sensitive method could be utilized as a promising reference method for the quality control of M. fragrans and its marketed herbal formulations/food products.     

Syntheses of 2,5-disubstituted dihydrofurans from gamma-substituted chiral allenamides

[reaction: see text] Details of a synthesis of dihydrofurans using gamma-substituted chiral allenamides are described here. Some transformations of these dihydrofurans are also examined including a highly stereoselective dihydroxylation and a rare account of a Lewis acid-mediated removal of an N-acyl substituent at the anomeric carbon of a tetrahydrofuran ring system. These studies provide further support for the synthetic utility of allenamides.     

A novel method for the synthesis and characterization of 10-hexyl-3-(1-hexyl-4, 5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-10H-phenothiazine: DFT computational,in vitro anticancer and in silico molecular docking studies

Research on Chemical Intermediates - This study aimed to newly synthesized compound 10-hexyl-3-(1-hexyl-4, 5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-10H-phenothiazine (abbreviated as HHDIP) by direct and...