The overall efficiency of the dynamic DEA models

Central European Journal of Operations Research - This paper deals with the dynamic efficiency analysis based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models. Our aim is to formulate new dynamic DEA...     

Stability testing in an integrated scheme

ISO Guide 35 deals with RM stability issues and scrutinizes the evaluation of stability testing results under the assumption that either there is no trend at all (a rather rare situation), or any observed deterministic change is insignificant and thus can be neglected. However, market demands for reliable reference materials are obviously not limited to stable or at least seemingly stable materials. In many analytical applications, analytes and measurands under consideration are known, or at least suspected, to be unstable on time scales that may vary widely from measurand to measurand. The Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) has developed (and successfully uses) an integrated approach in its certification practice. The approach is based on an initial stability study and subsequent post-certification monitoring. Data evaluation is model-based and takes advantage of all information collected in the stability testing scheme(s). It thus allows one to deal with any kind of instability observed, to assess limiting time intervals at any stress condition in the range tested, to estimate a final expiry date for materials with detected instabilities or the maximum admissible re-testing interval for seemingly stable materials, and to assess maximum admissible stress loads during delivery of the material to the customer. The article describes (and exemplifies) typical study layout, the model selection, and the integrated data assessment.     

PSL2(59) is a Subgroup of the Monster

A computer construction of the Monster is used to prove thatPSL(2, 59) is a subgroup of the Monster.     

Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of alkyl 1‐heteroaryl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐carboxylates

A series of alkyl l‐heteroaryl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐carboxylates 6a‐u were synthesised in four steps from methyl (Z)‐2‐benzyloxycarbonylarmino‐3‐(dimethylamino)prop‐2‐enoate ( 1 ) and heterocyclic amines 2a‐s. Triazoles 6a‐o were tested against antimycobacterial activity. For the most active compound, n‐pentyl 1‐(6‐phenylpyridazin‐3‐yl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐carboxylate ( 6n ), minimum inhibitory concentration 3.13 μg/ml was determined.     

Spectra of second-order Raman scattering in porous silicon

Spectra of second-order Raman scattering in porous silicon are investigated. A band shift towards lower energies in second-order spectra is observed, as well as the correlation between the values of band shift in first-and second-order spectra. It is demonstrated that the observed effect cannot be interpreted using the conventional concepts of the mechanisms of scattering in microcrystalline samples. An interpretation of the revealed effect is suggested.     

Five-step phase-shifting algorithms with unknown values of phase shift

The presented work offers new algorithms for phase evaluation in interferometric measurements. Several phase-shifting algorithms with an arbitrary but constant phase-shift between captured intensity frames are proposed. These phase calculation algorithms need to measure five frames of the intensity of the interference field. The algorithms are similarly derived as so called Carré algorithm. The phase evaluation process then does not depend on the linear phase shift errors. Furthermore, the detailed analysis of the algorithms with respect to most important factors, which affect interferometric measurements, is carried out. It is also studied the dependency of the evaluation algorithms on the phase shift values, and the proposed phase calculation algorithms are compared with respect to the resulting phase errors. The influence of most important factors in the measurement and evaluation process was simulated as systematic and random errors using a proposed mathematical model.