One-pot five-component high diastereoselective synthesis of polysubstituted 2-piperidinones from aromatic aldehydes,nitriles, dialkyl malonates and ammonium acetate

Molecular Diversity - A novel five-component diastereoselective synthesis of polysubstituted 2-piperidinones is reported. The Knoevenagel condensation–Michael addition–Mannich cascade...     

Einstein Relation for a Tagged Particle in Simple Exclusion Processes

 It is known that the rescaled position of a tagged particle in symmetric simple exclusion processes converges to a diffusion. If now the tracer particle is driven by a small force, then it picks up a velocity. The Einstein relation states that in the limit, this velocity is proportional to the small force, and the constant of proportionality can be computed from the diffusion matrix of the tracer particle with no driving force. Such a relation is believed to be generally valid. In this article we establish its validity for all symmetric simple exclusion processes in dimension and we prove a density property for certain invariant states of the driven system. Received: 2 September 2001 / Accepted: 28 March 2002 Published online: 31 July 2002     

The influence of glass coating on the single domain wall potential in amorphous glass-coated Fe-based microwires

The effect of the glass coating on the single domain wall potential in amorphous glass-coated Fe-based microwire has been studied by the switching field distribution technique. The thermoactivated mechanism model is used to describe the thermally activated switching through the complex energy barrier in amorphous FeSiB microwires. Glass removal leads to the increase of the probability of the thermally activated switching pointing to the decrease of the energy barrier.     

Application of Horner–Emmons Olefination to the Crown-Ether Derivatives

An effective synthetic approach to the preparation of a new crown-ether vinylogs involving the Horner–Emmons olefination of carbonyl precursors with the use of C₂- and C₅-phosphonates was proposed. The effects of the conjugation chain length and the nature of the terminal polar functions in the phosphonate reagent on the yield and process stereoselectivity were discussed.     

Two-level structured self-adaptive surfaces with reversibly tunable properties

We report a route to fabricate two-level structured self-adaptive surfaces (SAS) of polymer materials. The first level of structure is built by a rough polymer film that consists of needlelike structures of micrometer size. The second level of structure is formed by the nanoscopic self-assembled domains of a demixed polymer brush irreversibly grafted onto the needles. By exposing the surface to solvents that are selective to one of the components of the brush, we reversibly tune the surface properties. The large-scale surface structure amplifies the response and enables us to control wettability, adhesion, and chemical composition of the surface over a wide range.     

Ab initio and infrared spectral study of 4′-substituted phenylthiolbenzoates

The geometry of the 4′-cyano-(4′-CNPTB) and the 4′-methoxy-(4′-MePTB) phenylthiolbenzoates were obtained by ab initio calculations employing 6–31G basis set at Hartee-Fock level of theory. The results predict an extended form of the molecules and torsional angle between the phenyl rings at 90.85(6)⁰ and 90.87(3)⁰, respectively. On the basis of vibrational analysis the frequency assignment was carried out. The calculated frequencies were compared with the experimental IR spectral data in carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide solutions and in solid state.     

IR-Spektralanalyse von Gl?sern des Systems TeO2?V2O5

Studies of glasses and their crystalline products in the TeO₂–V₂O₅ system were made in the 1400–400 cm^–1 range. A continuous shift of the V=O-band from 1020 cm^–1 to 940 cm^–1 was found in the glasses with decreasing concentration of V₂O₅, as well as a sharp decrease in the intensity at 830 cm^–1. On the basis of the results obtained, it is concluded that with increasing TeO₂ content, the structure of the glasses is changed, caused by the breaking of the V–O–V bonds and the formation of Te–O–Te bridges.The IR-spectrum of the 2TeO₂·V₂O₅ compound in both crystalline and vitreous states was studied for the first time. The behaviour of the absorption bands is related to the structure of the glasses studied.     

Stereoselective electrocatalytic transformation of arylidene- or alkylidenemalononitriles and malonate into alkyl (1R,5R,6R)* 6-substituted 5-cyano-4,4-dialkoxy-2-oxo-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-1-carboxylates

Electrolysis of arylidene- or alkylidenemalononitriles and malonate in alcohol in an undivided cell in the presence of sodium halide as mediator results in the stereoselective formation of alkyl (1R,5R,6R)* 6-substituted 5-cyano-4,4-dialkoxy-2-oxo-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-1-carboxylates in 50-70% yields.