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1.
V Correcher J Garcia-Guinea FJ Valle-Fuentes 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2006,83(2):439-444
In
this paper, novel results on the blue thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL)
emission of ulexite (NaCaB5O6(OH)6·5H2O)
have been studied. The four maxima appearing at 60, 110, 200 and 240°C
on the TSL glow curves of this borate could be respectively associated to:
(i) the first dehydration (NaCaB5O6(OH)6·5H2O→NaCaB5O6(OH)6·3H2O),
(ii) the creation-annihilation of the three-hydrated
phase, (iii) the Na-coordinated chains
dehydroxylation and the starting point of the alkali self-diffusion through
the lattice and (iv) the amorphisation
of the lattice. These results are fairly well correlated with the differential
thermal analyses (DTA), in situ thermal observations under environmental scanning
electron microscope (TESEM) and thermal X-ray diffraction (TXRD) techniques. 相似文献
2.
Michelina Soccio Lara Finelli Nadia Lotti Valentina Siracusa Tiberio A. Ezquerra Andrea Munari 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2007,45(13):1694-1703
Poly(butylene naphthalate) (PBN), poly(diethylene naphthalate) (PDEN), and poly(thiodiethylene naphthalate) (PTDEN) were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical structure and molecular weight. The polyesters were examined by TGA, DSC, and DMTA. All the polymers showed a good thermal stability, even though depending on chemical structure. At room temperature they appeared as semicrystalline materials; the effect of the introduction along the PBN polymer chain of ether oxygen atoms or sulfur ones was a lowering in the Tg value, a decrement of Tm, and a decrease of the crystallization rate. Changing in chemical structure also affects the main α absorption associated with the glass transition which moves to lower temperature and whose energetic requirements decrease. The results were explained as due to the presence of highly flexible C? S? C or C? O? C bonds in the polymeric chain. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 1694–1703, 2007 相似文献
3.
R. Navarrete Casas A. García Rodríguez F. Rey Bueno A. Espínola Lara C. Valenzuela Calahorro A. Navarrete Guijosa 《Applied Surface Science》2006,252(17):6026-6030
In the present work, we have studied the adsorption of xanthine derivatives by activated carbon sorbents in aqueous solutions. The study comprised both kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic aspects. The kinetic results were reported in a previous paper; the equilibrium-related results are discussed here. The two types of carbon used exhibit some differences but the equilibrium isotherms obtained are all of the H-3 type in the classification of Giles. This suggests a high affinity of the sorbents for the sorbates. We also found that the overall adsorption process comprises more than one individual adsorption-desorption process of which one leads to the formation of a “monolayer” and the other to the “precipitation” of the sorbate on the sorbent surface (multilayer adsorption); the amount of sorbate adsorbed in monolayer form was seemingly greater in C-A14. 相似文献
4.
Salinas-Nolasco MF Méndez-Vivar J Lara VH Bosch P 《Journal of colloid and interface science》2004,274(1):16-24
Samples of polycrystalline calcite were impregnated with solutions of malonic acid of three concentrations (5 x 10(-2), 5 x 10(-3) , and 5 x 10(-4) M) and different pH values (6.00, 7.00, and 8.00). The impregnation was carried out at room temperature to evaluate the adsorption of malonate ion in the calcite surface to optimize the conditions for possible application on limestone and marble in cultural heritage materials. The affinity of the malonate ion was determined through the potentiometric measurement of the surface charge and the corresponding adsorbed amounts by titration, Raman spectroscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The results indicate effective adsorption of the malonate ion on the surface at a pH value close to the point of zero charge (pHpzc approximately 8.20) and changes in some surface morphological properties such as the pore shape and the pore size distribution. The presence of a malonate adsorptive layer on calcite generates an interface interaction potential that may influence the reaction and transport mechanisms within the medium. 相似文献
5.
6.
Atomic hydrogen electrosorption is reported at crystallite sites of polyacrylate-capped Pt nanoparticles (d = 2.5 +/- 0.6 nm), by assembling nanostructured electrodes of polyacrylate-Pt nanocrystallites layer-by-layer in a cationic polyelectrolyte, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride). Cyclic voltammetry in 1 M H2SO4 revealed a strongly adsorbed hydrogen state and a weakly adsorbed hydrogen state assigned to adsorption at (100) and (110) sites of the modified nanocrystallites, respectively. Resolving hydrogen adsorption states signifies that surface capping by the carboxylate groups is not irreversibly blocking hydrogen adsorption sites at the modified Pt nanoparticle surface. Adsorption peak currents increased with increasing the number of layers up to 16 bilayers, indicating the feasibility of nanoparticle charging via interparticle charge hopping and the accessibility of adsorption states within the thickness of the nanoparticle/polyelectrolyte multilayers. Despite similarity in hydrogen adsorption in the cyclic voltammorgrams in 1 M H2SO4, negative shifts in adsorption potentials were measured at the nanocrystallite Pt-polyelectrolyte multilayers relative to a polycrystalline bulk Pt surface. This potential shift is attributed to a kinetic limitation in the reductive hydrogen adsorption as a result of the Pt nanoparticle surface modification and the polyelectrolyte environment. 相似文献
7.
P. Baltazar V. H. Lara G. Córdoba R. Arroyo 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2006,37(2):129-133
Samples of TiO2 doped with 2 and 5 mol% of Cu2+ were prepared by the sol-gel process. Titanium(IV) isopropoxide and copper(II) nitrate were used as precursors. The samples
were prepared as monolithic shapes, dried at 80°C for 72 h and heat treated at various temperatures in the range 200–900°C
for 2 h. The structural transformation and texture of the samples were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and
nitrogen adsorption. Significant changes were observed during the crystallization process; on the one hand, the crystallization
profiles show that crystallization occurs uniformly and is practically insensitive to the dopant concentration, but when the
transformation at a given temperature is followed as a function of time, the rate of the amorphous-anatase transformation
is larger for the sample containing 2 mol% Cu2+. Electron spin resonance (ESR) results show that in this sample there is no segregation of Cu2+ ions. The sample containing 2 mol% of Cu2+ was selected for the kinetic studies and the temperatures selected were 300, 325, 350, 375 and 400°C, which were taken from
the amorphous to anatase crystallization profile. An activation energy of 137 ± 4 kJ/mol for the crystallization process was
estimated from the kinetic data. These results showed that the effect of the open structure present in the TiO2 amorphous phase provides the atomic mobility required for the crystallization. On the other hand, the differences in the
crystallization rate due to the amount of Cu2+ were explained by the segregation of copper ions to the surface of the samples. 相似文献
8.
9.
A capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method with ultraviolet-visible detection has been established and validated for the determination of five phenothiazines: thiazinamium methylsulfate, promazine hydrochloride, chlorpromazine hydrochloride, thioridazine hydrochloride, and promethazine hydrochloride in human urine. Optimum separation was obtained on a 64.5 cm x 75 microm bubble cell capillary using a buffer containing 150 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane and 25% acetonitrile at pH 8.2, with temperature and voltage of 25 degrees C and 20 kV, respectively. Naphazoline hydrochloride was used as an internal standard. Field-amplified sample injection (FASI) has been applied to improve the sensitivity of the detection. Considering the influence of parameters affecting the on-line preconcentration (nature of preinjection plug, sample solvent composition, injection times, and injection voltage) and due to the significant interactions among them, in this paper we propose for the first time the application of a multivariate approach to carry out the study. The optimized conditions were as follows: preinjection plug of water for 7 s at 50 mbar, electrokinetic injection for 40 s at 6.2 kV, and 32 microm of H3PO4 in the sample solvent. Also, a solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure is developed to obtain low detection limits and an adequate selectivity for urine samples. The combination of SPE and FASI-CZE-UV allows adequate linearities and recoveries, low detection limits (from 2 to 5 ng/mL), and satisfactory precisions (3.0-7.2% for an intermediate RSD %). 相似文献
10.
G. Wytze Meindersma Lara M. Galán Sánchez Antje R. Hansmeier André B. de Haan 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2007,138(11):1125-1136
Summary. Ionic liquids offer tremendous opportunities to intensify reactions and separations in process technologies by tuning their
physical and chemical properties. Several ionic liquids are suitable for the separation of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons.
CO2 absorption behavior was influenced by the functionalized chains appended to the room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) cation.
Ionic liquids seem able to combine the chemical features of amine solutions with the characteristic advantages of the physical
solvents used for CO2 absorption. 相似文献