Synthesis of 4″-benzyloxyimino-4″-deoxyavermectin Bla derivatives

Six new 4″-benzyloxyimino-4″-deoxyavermectin Bla derivatives were synthesized from avermectin Bla by the selective protection of C-5-hydroxy group,oxidation of C-4″-hydroxy group,and deprotection followed by reaction with O-substituted hydroxylamine hydrochlorides.Their structures were confirmed by IR,~1H NMR,~(13)C NMR and MS.Insecticidal activities of the derivatives against Phopalosiphum pseudobrassicae,Spodoptera exigua and Pluteua xylosteua were evaluated.     

氧氟沙星的核磁共振波谱性质研究

结合1H, 13C NMR, DEPT, COSY, HSQC, HMBC谱和碳氟偶合裂分行为, 对酸性及碱性溶液中氧氟沙星(Ofloxacin, OFL)的1H和13C谱分别进行归属, 研究了哌嗪环亚甲基构成的AA'BB'复杂自旋体系中各H的化学位移. 发现噁嗪环上的甲基处于直立键; 5H在酸性溶液中化学位移移向低场, 这可能与形成C—H…O弱氢键有关; 在碱性溶液中, OFL的羧基变为羧酸根, 造成羧基和羰基周围碳原子上π电子重新分布, 导致相应C的化学位移和碳氟偶合常数发生明显变化.     

P(St-co-MAA)乳液体系对CaCO3结晶的调控

大量研究表明, 有机/无机界面上的相互作用[1]是控制无机结晶的晶型、形貌、粒径等特征的决定因素. 本文利用乳液聚合方法合成了在诱导无机矿化后依然保持较为刚性界面的、能与无机离子作用的微球, 并在乳液中进行碳酸钙结晶实验, 用XRD, FTIR和SEM等手段对结晶进行了表征.     

新型反相微乳液制备纳米结构甲烷催化燃烧催化剂La0.95Ba0.05MnAl11O19-α的研究

提出一种由水, 异丙醇, 正丁醇组成的新型微乳液, 并以其为反应介质制备了甲烷高温燃烧La_0.95Ba_0.05MnAl₁₁O_19-a催化剂. 采用¹H NMR, FT-IR, 电导法及激光粒度散射法研究了新型微乳液中水的结构及相特性. 新型微乳液中水的体积分数小于一定值时, 电导率与水含量成非线性关系, k～φ曲线上存在一临界值(φ^P＝0.15). 水质子的化学位移随水含量的降低移向高场. 加入4% D₂O测定的O—D键的伸缩振动随水含量增加而向高波数方向移动. 异丙醇铝在新型微乳液中水解形成的Al(OH)₃ 胶体粒子的粒径范围为226～329 nm. 采用新型微乳液作为反应介质制备的Ba_0.05La_0.95MnAl₁₁O_19-α催化剂的粒径在30 nm, 明显小于纯水制备的样品(100 nm). BET 比表面积为65 m²/g, 比纯水制备样品高出约一倍. XRD结果显示, 1200 ℃焙烧10 h即可获得含单一β-Al₂O₃相的催化剂. Ba_0.05La_0.95MnAl₁₁O_19-α催化剂甲烷催化燃烧的T₁₀为420 ℃, 比纯水制备样品下降了90 ℃. 甲烷催化燃烧活性提高是由于含有较多Mnⁿ+纳米结构六铝酸盐的形成.     

Al3+离子对卵磷脂聚集体结构的影响

本文用浊度滴定(UV-Vis)、透射电镜(TEM)和激光光散射(QELS)等方法对Al³⁺离子与卵磷脂(EYPC)囊泡之间的相互作用及其这种相互作用对溶液中磷脂微结构的影响进行了研究。结果表明，一定量的Al³⁺离子使EYPC多层囊泡转变为线团状聚集体;Al³⁺与牛磺胆酸钠(TC)的协同作用可以破坏EYPC的多层囊泡结构，促进相转变，形成混合胶束。     

A fluorescent probe for Hg2+sensing in solutions and living cells with a wide working pH range简

In this paper, 2-carboxybenzaldehyde rhodamine B thiohydrazine(1) was synthesized and developed as a fluorescent probe to recognize Hg2+in DMF/H2 O(1:9, v/v) solution with high selectivity. The probe can be applied to the quanti?cation of Hg2+with a linear concentration range covering from 1.0×10-7mol/L to 1.0×10-5mol/L(R2= 0.9985) and a detection limit of 4.2×10-8mol/L. The experiment results show that the response of probe 1 to Hg2+is pH-independent in a wide range from 4.0 to 9.0. Moreover, the probe 1 exhibits excellent selectivity toward Hg2+over other common metal cations. Most importantly, the probe can be employed to monitor Hg2+in living cells using fluorescent imaging technique with satisfied results.     

Chemical composition of PM_(2.5) during winter in Tianjin,China

PM2.5 samples for 24 h were collected during winter in Tianjin,China. The ambient mass concentration and chemical composition of the PM2.5 were determined. Ionic species were analyzed by ion chromatog-raphy,while carbonaceous species were determined with the IMPROVE thermal optical reectance(TOR) method,and inorganic elements were measured by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spec-trometer. The daily PM2.5 mass concentrations ranged from 48.2 to 319.2 g/m3 with an arithmetic average of 144.6 g/m3. ...     

全光汤姆孙散射

随着激光和加速器技术的发展,激光场强度和粒子能量也有所提升,在高场强和高电子能量的条件下,电子与光子的汤姆孙散射过程将达到高度非线性状态,在这种状态下会发生多光子效应,即单个电子同时与多个光子相互作用并辐射一个高能光子,此过程通常称为多光子汤姆孙散射.当场强和粒子能量变得更高时,需要引入量子电动力学理论来解决极端光场物理中的动理学过程.近期,全球多台数拍瓦激光装置逐渐投入使用,激光等离子体相互作用中的此类效应会变得极其显著.而全光汤姆孙散射成为目前研究极端光场物理最佳的实验方案,因此,系统地研究全光多光子汤姆孙散射是本领域未来十年极其重要的方向.本文对近年来全光汤姆孙散射实验从单光子、低阶多光子到高阶多光子的研究进展进行了综述,并对其未来的发展方向进行了展望.另外,伴随着散射过程产生的准直高亮X/伽马射线,有望发展成为具有重要应用价值的紧凑型超亮高能光源.     

气泡在超声场中绕圈运动的高速摄影及其图像分析

借助高速摄影和图像分析技术对首次发现的附壁气泡的绕圈现象进行了实验研究,重点研究游移气泡的运动轨迹、附壁气泡的布阵过程、气泡的来源以及气泡的振动细节.研究发现游移绕圈气泡的运动轨迹呈现出不稳定、不规则、不光滑的特点.阵列气泡源于游移气泡,而游移气泡变成阵列气泡的方式主要是通过合并增大体积,从而减小所受的Bjerknes力,降低活性的方式实现的.游移气泡源于ALF(acoustic lichtenberg figure)空化云中大量空泡的合并,使以径向振动为主的空泡逐渐过渡到以表面波动为主的气泡.阵列气泡在Bjerknes力的作用下呈现出规则的表面波动,而体积更小受力更大的游移空泡的表面完全失稳,呈现极不规则的形貌,并对附近阵列气泡的表面波动产生影响.阵列气泡呈现出十分规则的排布,相邻阵列气泡之间的振动相位是相反的,表现为相互排斥.     

Synthesis and structure determination of pyrazine-containing macrocyclic polyazomethines

<正>Two pyrazine-contairting macrocyclic polyazomethines 2 and 3 were synthesized by direct[2 + 2]and[3 + 3]condensation reactions between 2,2'-[pyrazine-2,3-diylbis(oxy)]dibenzaldehyde(1) and hydrazine.Both 2 and 3 were characterized by NMR, HRMS,and their structures were determined via X-ray crystal diffraction studies.