Design and Construction of 3D Porous Na3V2(PO4)3/C as High Performance Cathode for Sodium Ion Batteries

An easy and delicate approach using cheap carbon source as conductive materials to construct 3D sequential porous structural Na3V2(PO4)3/C(NVP/C)with high performance for cathode materials of sodium ion battery is highly desired.In this paper,the NVP/C with 3D sequential porous structure is constructed by a delicate approach named as“cooking porridge”including evaporation and calcination stages.Especially,during evaporation,the viscosity of NVP/C precursor is optimized by controlling the adding quantity of citric acid,thus leading to a 3D sequential porous structure with a high specific surface area.Furthermore,the NVP/C with a 3D sequential porous structure enables the electrolyte to interior easily,providing more active sites for redox reaction and shortening the diffusion path of electron and sodium ion.Therefore,benefited from its unique structure,as cathode material of sodium ion batteries,the 3D sequential porous structural NVP/C exhibits high specific capacities(115.7,88.9 and 74.4 mA·h/g at current rates of 1,20 and 50 C,respectively)and excellent cycling stability(107.5 and 80.4 mA·h/g are remained at a current density of 1 C after 500 cycles and at a current density of 20 C after 2200 cycles,respectively).     

小分子铱配合物及其电致发光

由于磷光金属配合物可以同时利用单线态和三线态激子发光,使有机电致发光器件的理论内量子效率达到100%,突破了25%的极限。因而以磷光金属配合物为发光材料制成的器件备受关注。在这些金属配合物中,铱配合物由于具有较强的发光特性、发光波长可调性、较好的热稳定性和电化学稳定性以及能够形成便于蒸镀的中性分子,而成为最有应用潜力的电致磷光材料。本文综述了近几年铱配合物磷光材料在分子设计与合成方法、发光机理及器件构筑等方面的研究进展。特别介绍与讨论了磷光铱配合物的两种发光机理,即基于同配体铱配合物或异配体铱配合物的主配体到中心金属离子的电荷转移三线态(³MLCT)发射和基于异配体铱配合物的辅助配体三线态(³LC)发射。根据反应条件的差异,归纳总结了合成铱配合物常用的4种方法以及合成fac式和mer式的铱配合物的方法。还根据材料的发光颜色及其电致发光的不同,对磷光铱配合物材料进行了分类与讨论。此外,简要介绍了用于器件制作的主体材料。最后,展望了金属有机配合物电致磷光材料的发展前景,并提出了今后磷光材料的发展方向。     

太阳能电池材料-铜锌锡硫化合物薄膜制备及器件应用研究进展

锌黄锡矿结构的CZTS（铜锌锡硫）材料与目前在薄膜太阳能电池领域表现出色的黄铜矿结构的CIGS（铜铟镓硒）材料具有相似的晶体结构,且CZTS有着很好的光电性能,组成元素在地球上含量丰富,安全无毒,非常适合用来发展高效、廉价的太阳能电池.近期CZTS类太阳能电池的最高效率已达到12.6%,在科研和产业领域引起了广泛关注.在简介了“新星”太阳能电池材料CZTS的性质及薄膜太阳能电池器件的基本结构之后,重点总结了CZTS薄膜的制备方法（真空、非真空法）以及相应器件效率,其中对众多非真空制备法进行了独到的归类总结.最后,对CZTS薄膜的优化方法进行了分析,并对其未来发展方向做了展望.     

Flow injection spectrofluorimetric study of the supramolecular interaction between beta-cyclodextrin and dequalinium chloride and its analytical application

The supramolecular interaction of dequalinium chloride (DQC) and beta-cyclodextrin has been studied by flow injection spectrofluorimetry. The results showed that beta-CD reacted with DQC to form a 1:1 host:guest complex with an apparent association constant of 4.99 x 10(2) L mol(-1). Based on the enhancement of the fluorescence intensity of DQC, a flow injection spectrofluorometric method for the determination of DQC in bulk aqueous solution in the presence of beta-CD was developed. The linear range was 0.0412-30.00 microg mL(-1). The detection limit was 12.3 ng mL(-1) with a sampling rate of 80 h(-1). There was no interference from the excipients normally used in tablets and serum compositions. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of DQC in tablets and serum.     

Structural control of the photoluminescence of silole regioisomers and their utility as sensitive regiodiscriminating chemosensors and efficient electroluminescent materials

We synthesized a group of silole regioisomers 1(x,y), whose photoluminescence varied dramatically with its regiostructure. By internally hindering the intramolecular rotation, we succeeded in creating a novel silole (1(3,4)) that is strongly luminescent in solutions and whose fluorescence quantum yield in acetone is as high as 83%. We revealed that 1(3,4) was a sensitive chemosensor capable of optically discriminating nitroaromatic regioisomers of p-, o-, and m-nitroanilines. Against general belief, crystal formation of 1(2,4) blue-shifted its emission color and boosted its emission efficiency. The light-emitting diode based on the crystal of 1(2,4) emitted a strong blue light (464 nm) in a high current efficiency (5.86 cd/A).     

A small change in molecular structure, a big difference in the AIEE mechanism

An anthracene carboxamide derivative of the excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer compound of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole has been newly developed to produce the prominent characteristics of aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE) with a high solid-state fluorescence quantum efficiency of 78.1%. Compared with our previously reported phenyl carboxamide derivatives, a small tailoring of the molecular structure was found to result in a big difference in the dominant factor of the AIEE mechanism. In the phenyl carboxamide derivatives, the dominant factor of the AIEE mechanism is the restriction of the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) of the enol excited state, regardless of their different aggregation modes. In the anthracene carboxamide derivative, N-(3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl) anthracene-9-carboxamide, the AIEE characteristics are not dependent on the restriction of TICT, but mainly attributed to the cooperative effects of J-aggregation and the restriction of the cis-trans tautomerization in the keto excited state. A specific N···π interaction was found to be the main driving force for this J-aggregation, as revealed by the single crystal analysis. The AIEE mechanism of this anthracene carboxamide derivative was studied in detail through photophysical investigations and theoretical calculations. On the basis of its AIEE characteristics, a stable non-doped organic light-emitting diode was achieved, with high color purity and a remarkably low efficiency roll-off.     

火焰原子吸收法测定夏枯草果穗的微量元素

使用灰化法处理样品,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定夏枯草果穗中的铬、银、锌、镍、镉、铁、铜的含量。结果表明,除Ag元素未检出外,夏枯草果穗的微量元素含量Cr、Zn、Ni、Cd、Fe、Cu分别为1．024、1．096、36．152、0．580、0．656、6．872μg/g,各元素含量由高到低顺序为：Ni,Cu,Zn,Cr,Fe,Cd,加标回收率为98．6％～115．2％,该法测定快速、简单,原子吸收光谱法测定夏枯草果穗中微量元素具有可行性。     

小分子有机电致发光器件和材料的研究及应用

有机电致发光器件(OLED)是在电场作用下,以有机材料为活性发光层的器件.由于OLED具有亮度高、响应快、视角宽、工艺简单、可柔性等优点,在现代科学研究及技术应用中备受关注.其商业化应用,诸如平板显示(FPD)和固体照明(SSL)等,正在不断向前推进.本文综述了小分子OLED的各种器件结构和功能材料研究进展以及该领域存...