溶胶-凝胶法制备Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O微粉

以金属醋酸盐为原料,用溶胶-凝胶技术制备了Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O微粉,并用TG、DTA、IR、XRD和TEM等手段对Bi_1.85Pb_0.35Sr_1.9Ca₂Cu_3.1O_y粉末的热分解和晶化行为以及粉末粒度进行了分析测试,并用此微粉制备出以2223相为主要物相、零电阻为105K的高温陶瓷超导体。     

Mass Transport of β-Diketonate Precursors for MOCVD of YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) High T_c Superconducting Thin Films

IntroductionSoonafterthediscoveryofhighT.supercoducting(HTSC)oxides,metalor-ganicchemicalvapourdeposition(MOCVD)wasproposedforpreparingtheirthinfilms[1j.Asgenerallyacceptedtoday['J,thistechniquehasdemonstrateditssuperioradvantagesinmakinglargeareahighqualityHTSCthinfilmsandwillplayamajorroleintheadvanceofdeviceapplicationofHTSCthinfilmsoverthenextfewyears.TheprecursorsusedinMOCVDforpreparinghighT.superconductingthinfilmsaremostlymetalbeta-diketonates.Theyaresolidsatroomtemperatureand…     

Microstructure Investigation of (Y,Ce)-TZP-Al_2O_3 Composite Materials

The microstructure of selected specimens in the (Y,Ce)-TZP-Al2O3 composite systems was studied. The investigation techniques used in this work included X-ray diffractometry ( XRD ) , Scanning Electroscope ( SEM ) , Transmission Electroscope (TEM), X-ray Energy Dispersion Analysis(EDAX) and High Resolution Electron Microscopy (HREM). Based on the experimental results, the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties of the specimens was discussed.     

变压器油中溶解气体拉曼光谱检测及其光谱线型模型分析

拉曼光谱气体检测技术能利用单一波长的激光对气体样品进行无接触、无损耗检测,适用于油浸式变压器油中溶解气体检测。结合拉曼光谱检测机理,分析了拉曼光谱谱线特征,建立了由洛仑兹函数与高斯函数卷积表示的拉曼光谱Voigt线型模型,其表现出较好的拉曼谱峰线型轮廓基本特征。以谱峰高、中心位置、半峰全宽等为代表的拉曼谱峰线型轮廓基本特征是寻峰的主要目标,其根本目的在获取样本定性及定量检测分析依据。故针对拉曼光谱实验数据设计了基于比较法的自动寻峰模型以实现检测目标。对引入到Voigt线型模型中的寻峰模型进行的模拟实验结果表明,模拟中谱峰高、中心位置等数据均与模型输出数据相吻合。依托实验室构建的变压器油中溶解气体拉曼光谱检测平台,分析检测实验数据表明,Voigt线型模型中半峰全宽参数实际取值区间为(8.7,11.5)(cm-1),模型与其存在偏差。修正该参数取值为10.257 cm-1,并对比研究表明：修正后的Voigt线型模型及寻峰模型具有更好的适应性及实用性。结合实验平台的拉曼光谱气体检测数据的寻峰结果,有效地完成了七种变压器故障特征气体的检测及分析。针对甲烷气体,获得单位气体含量、拉曼特征峰强度与面积三者之间的线性关系,为变压器油中溶解气体拉曼光谱检测定量分析奠定基础。     

Bending of rectangular flat slabs supported by four columns

In this paper an analytical solution is proposed for the bending of uniformly loaded rectangular plates supported only by four intermediate columns, the edges and corners of which are all free. For several particular cases, the numerical results, which contain the column reaction and the values for the deflection and the bending moments at several points of the plate, are given.Calculations indicate that the method proposed in this paper is valid.     

Microcalorimetric investigation of six alkaloids from Radix Aconite Lateralis Preparata (Fuzi) on the metabolic activity of mitochondria isolated from rat liver

Using the TAM air isothermal microcalorimeter, the thermogenic power–time (HP–time) curves of isolated mitochondrial energy metabolism were measured, and the effects of six alkaloids from Radix Aconite Lateralis Preparata (Fuzi) including mesaconitine, aconitine, hypaconitine, benzoylmesaconine, benzoylaconine, and benzoylhypaconine on mitochondrial energy metabolism were investigated. Some quantitative information, such as k, P _max, T _max, Q, P _av, and T _lag, was obtained from the HP–time curves. The results revealed that mesaconitine, aconitine, and hypaconitine had inhibitory effect on rat-isolated mitochondrial energy metabolism, and their IC₅₀ value was 1.82, 2.22, and 2.48 μg mL⁻¹, respectively, while benzoylmesaconine, benzoylaconine, and benzoylhypaconine promoted mitochondrial energy metabolism, and their EC₅₀ value was 30.95, 14.36, and more than 30 μg mL⁻¹, respectively. Further structure–activity relationship analysis showed that the ester bond in C(8) position, hydroxyl in C(3) position, and ethyl in N atom could significantly influence the energy metabolism. These results provide scientific basis for the treatment of mitochondrial abnormalities and energy dysfunction diseases using Fuzi, and it will be of great interest to doctors and pharmacists.

     

Preparation of YSZ Microporous Membranes on Porous a-Alumina with Metal Chlorides as Precursor

A sol-gel process for YSZ membrane prepared with less expensive chemicals, ZrOCI₂·8H₂0 and YC1₃, has been developed. The sol viscosity as a function of concentration, acidity and temperature was brane formation processes were also studied. investigated. And gelation and Based on an optimized procedure memhole and crack-free YSZ membranes with the pore size less than 100 nm have obtained on coarse porous a-alumina.     

基于高维拉曼光谱数据的变压器油纸绝缘老化评估方法研究

采用激光拉曼光谱技术对变压器油纸绝缘老化状态检测是一种有效的方法。随着样本量的扩充,亟待处理的数据集维度逐渐增大,研究适用于高维拉曼光谱数据的变压器油纸绝缘老化评估方法具有重要的意义。设计与现场变压器内部绝缘结构相似的油纸绝缘环境,进行加速热老化实验并定期采样,获取到10类老化程度依次递增的油样本,采用激光拉曼光谱技术对样本进行检测。选用复合稀疏导数建模法对样本原始拉曼光谱数据预处理,可以一步完成去噪与基线校正;引入差异特征选取方法筛选不同老化程度下光谱中变化显著的特征,计算同一拉曼频移下不同老化程度的特征点数据集方差,选择差异较大的数据序列所对应的拉曼特征变量,设定方差阈值为0.5进行特征选择,每个样本都从1 023个光谱特征点抽取出304个特征点进行后续分析;针对变压器油纸绝缘老化拉曼光谱高维样本数据集,引入多种不同类型的算法对其处理。分别运用K-means聚类算法、Fisher算法与随机森林算法对获取到的样本预处理后的数据建立模型,引入评估准确度、提升度以及Kappa系数对各算法建立的模型判别效果进行评估。结果表明：有监督学习的Fisher算法与随机森林算法效果较好,相对于无监督学习的K-means聚类算法,模型判别能力分别提升了1.166 6和1.95,论证了有监督学习模型在变压器油纸绝缘老化的评估中具有判别优势;从模型判别准确度和Kappa系数来看,强分类器随机森林算法建立的判别模型均高于Fisher判别模型,其准确度提升了10%,且Kappa系数上升了0.111 5,论证了随机森林算法作为由多个单一分类器组成的强分类器,相对单一分类器来说,在变压器油纸绝缘老化的评估中模型的泛化能力较好,且模型较为稳定可靠。通过对三种不同类型的算法对比,确定了在变压器油纸绝缘老化评估中,有监督学习强分类器随机森林算法的判别优势,为变压器油纸绝缘老化的有效评估打下了基础。