介绍一个绿色物理化学实验——凝固点降低法测定葡萄糖的摩尔质量

以葡萄糖-水为体系对传统的凝固点降低法测定摩尔质量实验进行了改进,以低温小钢珠代替晶种,建立了一种控制过冷深度的有效方法;利用干燥的方法解决了葡萄糖样品中结晶水不确定的问题。     

One-step preparation of branched PEG functionalized AIE-active luminescent polymeric nanoprobes

The synthesis of amphiphilic aggregation-induced emission(AIE) dyes based organic nanoparticles has recently attracted increasing attention in the biomedical fields. These AIE dyes based nanoparticles could effectively overcome the aggregation caused quenching effect of conventional organic dyes, making them promising candidates for fabrication of ultrabright organic luminescent nanomaterials. In this work, AIE-active luminescent polymeric nanoparticles(4-NH_2-PEG-TPE-E LPNs) were facilely fabricated through Michael addition reaction between tetraphenylethene acrylate(TPE-E) and 4-arm-poly(ethylene glycol)-amine(4-NH_2-PEG) in rather mild ambient. The 4-NH_2-PEG can not only endow these AIE-active LPNs good water dispersibility, but also provide functional groups for further conjugation reaction. The size, morphology and luminescent properties of 4-NH_2-PEG-TPE-E LPNs were characterized by a series of techniques in detail. Results suggested that these AIE-active LPNs showed spherical morphology with diameter about 100–200 nm. The obtained 4-NH_2-PEG-TPE-E LPNs display high water dispersibility and strong fluorescence intensity because of their self assembly and AIE properties of TPE-E.Biological evaluation results demonstrated that 4-NH_2-PEG-TPE-E LPNs showed negative toxicity toward cancer cells and good fluorescent imaging performance. All of these features make 4-NH_2-PEG-TPE-E LPNs promising candidates for biological imaging and therapeutic applications.     

基于RST-QFD-Bayes的新型装甲装备通用质量特性评价指标体系构建研究

针对新型装甲装备通用质量特性评价指标体系难以确定的问题,在明确评价指标体系构建原则的基础上,结合新型装甲装备特点,确定了通用质量特性初始评价指标及指标筛选要求,运用QFD将新型装甲装备通用质量特性需求映射为评价指标筛选要求,采用粗糙集理论(Rough Set Theory,RST)确定了指标筛选重要度,考虑到关联度的不确定性及多个专家估计值的平均值和估计值的波动程度,将贝叶斯理论引入关系矩阵的确定中,用区间数确定了关联度,进行了评价指标筛选,构建了新型装甲装备通用质量特性评价指标体系,为新型装甲装备通用质量特性评价奠定了基础。     

Stereoselective synthesis of spirooxindole amides through nitrile hydrozirconation

Spirooxindole amides can be prepared by the intramolecular addition of functionalized indoles into acylimines that are accessed from nitriles by hydrozirconation and acylation. The stereochemical outcome at the quaternary center was controlled by the steric bulk of the substituent at the 2-position of the indole unit. The products are well-suited for diversification to prepare libraries.     

基于粒子模拟的磁绝缘传输线等效电容和等效电感的计算

提出了一种基于粒子模拟的磁绝缘传输线等效电容和等效电感计算方法,在层流模型得到的同轴磁绝缘传输线等效电感和等效电容理论公式中引入修正因子,对粒子模拟所得结果进行数值拟合,获得了等效电容和等效电感修正因子依赖于电压的拟合表达式,修正后的等效电容和等效电感理论公式与粒子模拟结果符合较好,所得结果可用于磁绝缘传输线的等效电路建模。     

二维光子晶体T型波导分支器数值模拟研究

采用平面波展开法和时域有限差分法,对GaAs二维正方晶格光子晶体的色散特性和带隙结构进行了数值模拟研究,并对GaAs二维光子晶体线缺陷构成的T型波导分支器的微波传输特性进行了模拟和优化。数值模拟结果表明,光子晶体填充比对带隙结构有显著地影响。通过在拐角处插入额外的电介质棒对GaAs二维正方光子晶体T型波导分支器进行优化,数值模拟的结果表明,优化的GaAs二维正方光子晶体T型波导分支器在一阶带隙范围内透射系数将提高到0.96以上。     

The synthesis and crystal structure of a new coordination polymeric adduct containing mercury iodide

A new organic-inorganic hybrid adduct, [HgI₂(dps)] _n (dps=4,4′-dipyridylsulfide), has been synthesized by the reaction of HgI₂ with dps in THF at room temperature. The structure characterization was performed by means of IR, elemental analyses and single crystal X-ray analysis. It crystallizes in space group P2(1)/c with a=5.5522(1) ?, b=12.127(2) ?, c=21.508(4) ?, β=91.84(3)°. The structure consists of distorted tetrahedral Hg(II) centers bridged by dps ligands to form one-dimensional linear chains with C–H···I interaction. Comparison of transition metal assemblies with dps showed that the dimensionality and structure of self-assembled supramolecule depend on the coordination preferences of metal ions, the geometry, bulk, and rigidity of ligands, the number and size of anions, and the supramolecular weak interactions.Supplementary material Crystallographic data for the structure reported in this article has been deposited in the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Center, CCDC No. 285579 for compound 1. The information may be obtained free of charge from the Director, CCDC, 12 Union Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EZ, UK (fax: +44-1223-336033; e-mail: deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk or http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk).     

LC-DAD-ESI-MS Characterization of Carbohydrates Using a New Labeling Reagent

A novel labeling reagent 1-(2-naphthyl)-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (NMP) coupling to liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for the detection of carbohydrates from the derivatized rape bee pollen samples is reported. Carbohydrates are derivatized to their bis-NMP-labeled derivatives. Derivatives showed an intense protonated molecular ion at m/z [M+H]⁺ in positive-ion detection mode. The mass-to-charge ratios of characteristic fragment ions at m/z 473.0 could be used for the accurately qualitative analysis of carbohydrates. This characteristic fragment ion is from the cleavage of C2–C3 bond in carbohydrate chain giving the specific fragment ions at m/z [MH-C _m H_2m+1O _m -H₂O]⁺ for pentose, hexose and glyceraldehydes and at m/z [MH-C _m H_2m-1O _m+1-H₂O]⁺ for alduronic acids such as galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid (m = n ? 2, n is carbon number of carbohydrate). No interferences for all aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes presented in natural environmental samples were observed due to the highly specific parent mass-to-charge ratio and the characteristic fragment ions. The method, in conjunction with a gradient elution, offered a baseline resolution of carbohydrate derivatives on a reversed-phase Hypersil ODS-2 column. The carbohydrates such as mannose, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid, rhamnose, glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose and fucose can successfully be detected.     

一种补偿时间步长限制的粒子模拟-蒙特卡罗碰撞模型

 从碰撞次数的概率分布出发,推导出一种补偿蒙特卡罗碰撞模型,采用以正态分布计算得到的平均碰撞次数作为碰撞概率,来补偿传统方法中忽略的多次碰撞。通过模拟不同折合电场强度条件下He气放电产生电子的运动规律,验证了补偿蒙特卡罗碰撞模型的正确性。计算结果表明:补偿蒙特卡罗碰撞模型可以有效地提高计算效率,特别适用于高气压气体放电现象的粒子模拟。