辛基膦酸单辛酯的合成及其萃取镧系元素的结构-性能研究

合成了九个不同辛基结构的辛基膦酸单辛酯,测定了它们的正十二烷溶液在恒定离子强度和不同酸度的硝酸介质中萃取镧、铕和铅的分配比,并以外推法得到了归一化的分配比数值,从而进行了萃取剂结构与性能关系的研究。考察了辛基膦酸单辛酯的烷基支链化程度时萃取镧系元素的能力和分离性能的影响:随着邻近配位基团的烷基支链化程度的增加,其萃取能力下降;但一定的支链对萃取剂分子是必需的,如2-乙基已基膦酸单2-乙基己基酯和正辛基膦酸单1-甲基庚基酯皆具有最佳的分离性能。从空间效应解释了所得的结果。     

ALTERATION IN CHROMATIN CONFORMATION OF PROLIFERATING AND DIFFERENTIATING ENZYME GENES IN NORMAL MOUSE LIVER AND ASCITES HEPATOMA CELLS AND ITS RELATION TO THE GENE EXPRESSION OF ENZYMES

Nuclei from the normal mouse liver were partially digested with micrococcal nuclease, followed by DNA extraction, agarose gel clectrophoresis and dot blot hybridization with ~(32)P-labeled cDNA probes of CPS_1 and ACT complex, It was clearly shown that the CPS_1 genes were distributed on the monomer, dimer. and trimer of nucleosomes, while the genes coding for ACT complex were distributed on the condensed oligonucleosomes. An opposite manner of distribution of CPS_1 and ACT complex genes was, however, noted in the case of ascites hepatoma cells, in which the specific activity of ACT was 13 times higher than that in the normal liver, while that of CPS_1 was remarkably reduced. Similar patterns of change in mRNA level of CPS_1 and ACT complex were observed in the normal mouse liver and ascites hepatoma cells, indicating a close relationship between chromatin structure and gene expression of these enzymes.     

溶剂萃取法处理工业废水

废与宝是对立的统一,在一定的条件下可以互相转化。工业废水中的许多有毒物质本来都是有用的物质,只是它们在废水中与其它物质夹杂在一起,并且又以分散低浓的形式存在,因此不仅无法利用,而且任其排入江河,必然会污染环境。如果采取积极的治理办法,使工     

甘肃省会宁县高一学生碘营养状况调查与分析

为调查并分析会宁县高一学生碘营养状况及其对生长发育的影响,采取随机整群抽样法选取研究对象,采集清晨空腹静脉血测量血生化（包括TSH（促甲状腺激素）、FT4（游离甲状腺素）、总蛋白、白蛋白、胆固醇、甘油三酯和磷）、血常规,及取指端末梢血测钙（Ca）含量,同步测昔体格发育状况（包括身高、体质量、上臂围、右臂肱三头肌皮褶厚度）和智力相关指标（联合瑞文IQ值、注意力、学习力、光反射和声反射能力）。结果表明,调查对象TSH平均含鼍为（1．91±1．84）mu／L,低于参考值下限的占61．40％,FT4平均含量为（8．36±7．27）pmol／L,低于参考值下限的占66．49％,TSH和FT4都低于参考值下限的占48．42％,所有渊杏对象TSH和FT4均在参考值上限之内;男女生间比较发现女生碘缺乏程度高于男生（P〈0．001）;从对象膳食碘的摄入量发现,98％以上未达到推荐摄入量,并在生源、性别、年龄间存在差异性;血清碘含量分层分析发现随着碘营养状况的改善,各项智力测试值依次增加,全血Ca和血清P含量存在差别（P〈0．05）;三类指标相关分析显示FT4值与白蛋白、胆固醇、血小板及白细胞数目（P〈0．05）呈止相关关系,TSH与胆固醇、白细胞数目以及甘油三脂（P〈0．05）呈正相关关系;身高和体质量随TSH和FT4含量升高而递增。提示会宁高一学生血清碘亚临床缺乏状态者较多,尤其是女乍,血清TSH和FT4低下检出率比例较大,碘缺乏已经对调查对象的生长发育造成一定的影响。建议采取相应措施,如强化碘盐的供应和管理,普及碘营养知识,提倡摄入含碘丰富的食物,在集中供餐的学校食堂中增加含碘丰富食物的供给,促使该地区学生碘营养状况的改善及人口素质提高。     

367名幼儿智力发育与血中五种元素相关性分析

为探讨血铜、锌、钙、镁、铁5种元素对儿童智力的影响及其相关性,采用首都儿科研究所编制的0—6岁儿童神经心理发育量表,对367名2—4岁儿童进行现场智力测试并对抚养人进行问卷调查;采集其指尖末梢血,运用原子吸收光谱仪检测了儿童血铜、锌、钙、镁、铁5种元素含量。结果表明,调查对象血铜、锌、钙、镁、铁5种元素低下,检出率分别为25．1％、76．6％、5．7％、1．4％、37．1％,城乡儿童全血铜、锌、钙存在明显差异（P〈0．05）;儿童智力低下检出率为2．4％,儿童智能发育与其年龄、母亲文化水平、是否接受学前教育、血锌、铁呈正相关,与血钙、铜呈负相关。提示该地区2—4岁儿童血铜、锌、铁低下检出率较高,智能发育总体较为合理,但受血铜、锌、铁等多种因素影响,提高父母文化素质,加强儿童早期教育及营养有助于促进儿童智能发育。     

异丙基膦酸二(2-乙基己基)酯与镧系金属硝酸盐的配合物

采用饱和溶解法制得了异丙基膦酸二-2-乙基己基酯与除钷以外的镧系金属硝酸盐的配合物。通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振、差热分析和磁性质的研究,讨论了配合物的结构。对配合物的红外光谱特征频率与镧系元素原子序数之间的变化关系也做了探讨     

β羟肟萃取钯(Ⅱ)取代反应中的动力学催化作用

β羟肟、硫醚等在盐酸介质中萃取钯(Ⅱ)的配位取代反应具有较高的选择性,有实用意义。Cleare等曾提出加入胺类化合物以加快β羟肟萃钯的速度。本文在研究β羟肟萃钯(Ⅱ)机理的基础上考察了加入伯胺后2-羟基-4-(1-甲基庚氧基)二苯甲酮肟(HL)萃取钯(Ⅱ)的热力学和动力学行为以及界面特性,试图阐明伯胺对该取代反应的加速机理。试验所用伯胺N1923(Am)为混合支链伯胺,上海有机所实验厂生产。水相中伯胺含量用溴酚兰分光光度法测定,其它实验方法参见[3]。     

SYNTHESIS OF SULFOXIDES AND THEIR STRUCTURE-REACTIVITY STUDIES ON THE LANTHANIDE EXTRACTION

Modified methods for the synthesis of various sulfoxides with isomeric octyl groups, i.e.dioetyl sulfoxides, bis (octylsulfenyl) methane and bis (octylsulfenyl) ethane are described. Theextraction behaviours of these sulfoxides for lanthanides from nitric acid system are studiedand discussed on the basis of their chemical structures. The composition and the structureof the extracted species are deduced by method of continuous variation as well as by ele-mental and thermo-gravimetric analysis. As shown by infrared spectroseopic studies thesulfenyl oxygen acts as coordinating atom and the NO_3 serves as bidentate.     

小鼠腹水肝癌细胞增殖酶及分化酶基因染色质构象的变化及其与酶基因表达的关系

小鼠腹水肝癌细胞的CPS_1活性较正常肝显著降低,而ACT活性则增高,约为正常肝的13倍。RNA-cDNA斑点杂交证明,肝癌中CPS_1mRNA很低,而ACTmRNA较正常肝增多。以微球菌核酸酶限制性消化正常肝及肝癌细胞核,琼脂糖凝胶电泳以及DNA-cDNA斑点杂交结果表明,在正常肝中,表达活跃的CPS_1基因分布在结构松散的单体、二聚体、三聚体核小体上,而表达较低的ACT基因则分布在比较致密的寡聚核小体上。腹水肝癌细胞的情况正好相反。CPS_1基因的表达很低,主要分布于寡聚核小体,而ACT基因的表达增高,主要分布于单体核小体。这些结果充分说明,肝癌细胞中分化酶CPS_1基因与增殖酶AST基因表达的相互变化与这两种基因核小体构象的相互变化有密切关系。     

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Luminescent Properties of TbCu（TeO3）2Cl

TbCu(TeO3)2Cl was obtained in high yield from high temperature solid-state reac-ion of Tb4O7,CuO,CuCl2 and TeO2 in a 1:2:2:8 molar ratio at 710 ℃ in an evacuated quartz tube. Its structure was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The title compound crystal-lizes in monoclinic,space group P21/c,with a=5.409(2),b=14.994(6),c=9.183(4),β= 98.884(5)°,V=735.8(5) ?3 and Z=4. TbCu(TeO3)2Cl is isostructural with LnCu(TeO3)2X (Ln= Dy,X= Cl; Ln=Er,X=Cl,Br). Its structure features a three-dimensional (3D) network built from Tb(Ⅲ) and Cu(II) ions interconnected by tellurite and chloride anions; the chloride anion and the lone-pair electrons of the tellurium(IV) ions are oriented toward the cavities of the tunnels in the network. Solid-state luminescent spectrum of TbCu(TeO3)2Cl shows a strong emission band at 545 nm with a luminescent life time of 291 μs.