水中悬浮气泡法研究水合物生长动力学

提出了利用测定温度、压力与水中悬浮气泡表面上水合物生长速度的关系, 以获得普遍适用的水合物生成动力学数据的新实验方法. 采用Gibbs自由能差作为反应推动力对所测的甲烷、二氧化碳气泡水合物生长动力学数据进行了关联, 取得了较好的效果. 对实验中发现的新现象进行了描述和解释.     

R12 hydrate formation kinetics based on laser light scattering technique

Gas hydrates are non-stoichiometric crystalline compounds of water with gas at a certain temperature and pressure. Compared to the thermodynamics of hydrate formation, our knowledge on the kinetics aspect is rather immature. It is well known that the kinetics of hydrate formation/dissociation plays an important role in many industrial cases, such as the exploitation of methane hydrate underground, the storage and transportation of natural gas in solid hydrate state, the inhibition of hydrate i…     

用激光散射法研究冷冻剂R12水合物的生成动力学

建立了高压混相全透明循环管路装置, 装置中配备有水合物生成器、激光粒度仪和控温系统等, 工作压力可达4 MPa, 用来研究水合物生成动力学行为. 利用激光散射方法, 测定了0.24和0.32 MPa下, 温度为277.1 K 时, 冷冻剂CCl₂F₂, 即R12, 生成水合物的颗粒尺寸和分布, 液体流量范围为300~1400 L/h. 并使用Rosin-Rammler分布分析了所测粒径分布数据. 实验结果表明, 反应初期水相中水合物粒子的直径增加很快, 随着水合物的大量生成, 水相中水合物的浓度不断增加, 水合物颗粒的尺寸逐渐趋于稳定. 在液体流量较大和压力较高的情况下所生成水合物颗粒的浓度较大. 根据物料平衡, 建立了水合物的粒度生长模型, 将水合物生成气消耗量与所生成水合物粒度分布相关联. 基于由粒度生长模型算出的气体消耗量与实测值相近.     

Kinetics of hydrate formation using gas bubble suspended in water

An innovative experimental technique, which was devised to study the effects of temperature and pressure on the rate of hydrate formation at the surface of a gas bubble suspended in a stagnant water phase, was adapted in this work. Under such conditions, the hydrate-growth process is free from dynamic mass transfer factors. The rate of hydrate formation of methane and carbon dioxide has been systematically studied. The measured hydrate-growth data were correlated by using the molar Gibbs free energy as driving force. In the course of the experiments, some interesting surface phenomena were observed.     

活性炭中甲烷水合物的分解动力学

在封闭体系内,在初始分解压力0.1 MPa,温度范围276～265 K之间,测定了 五组甲烷水合物在活性炭中的解动力学数据。分析了甲烷水合物在活性炭中分解的 物理过程,提出了以微分方程表达的宏观分解动力学模型。使用单步积分的吉尔（ Gear)方法解得微分方程的数值解,结合单纯形最优化方法拟合模型参数,模型计 算值与实验值符合良好。