1-辛基壬胺从硫酸溶液中萃取铁(Ⅲ)的性能和机理

1-辛基壬胺在硫酸体系中萃取铁的能力随pH增大而增强,表明铁的水解形式有利于萃取。用饱和容量法在不同pH条件下得到的络合物,其组成各不相同;只有在pH2.3时才得到单一络合物,用UV及元素分析证实其组成为(C_(17)H_(35)NH_3)_2SO_4Fe(OH)SO_4。分子量测定表明,1-辛基壬胺硫酸盐及其铁络合物在苯中以分子间缔合状态存在。     

SYNTHESIS OF ACIDIC PHOSPHATES AND PHOSPHONATES AND THEIR STRUCTURE-REACTIVITY STUDIES ON THE EXTRACTION OF NEODYMIUM, SAMARIUM,YTTERBIUM AND YTTERIUM

Methods for the synthesis of five types of acidic phosphates, phosphonates as well asohosphinates have been deseribed. The mechanism of extrastion of rare earth of these com-pounds is examined. A free energy relationship existed in plotting equilibrium constantsagainst either pKa or ∑σ values of the acidic organophosphorus compounds under investiga-tion. Steric effects play an important role in these extrastion systems as expected. Thereactivity-selectivity principles in solvent extraction proposed by our laboratory are well de-monstrated in extraction of rare earth by acidic phosphorus--based ligands.     

酸性磷(膦)酸酯的合成及其化学结构与萃取钕、钐、镱和钇的性能研究

本文在研究二烷基磷酸、烷基膦酸单烷基酯、二烷基膦酸、单烷基磷酸与单烷基膦酸五种类型酸性磷(膦)酸酯的合成与纯化的基础上,考察了它们的缔合度和萃取稀土的机理,并计算了萃取钕、钐、镱和钇的平衡常数和分离因数。酸性磷(膦)酸酯萃取稀土的平衡常数与其反应基团解离常数密切有关,它们与取代基常数、磷(膦)酸基氧原子电荷密度间均有良好线性关系。酸性磷(膦)酸酯的结构空间位阻对萃取稀土的性能有显著影响。所研究磷(膦)酸酯萃取稀土的选择性随其平衡常数的增大而下降,符合文中提出的溶剂萃取中的反应性-选择性原理。