几种聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂的分光光度法测定及其应用

介绍了几种聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂的KI-I2分光光度法测定,讨论不同实验条件对测定的影响。结果表明,以碘-碘化钾溶液为显色剂的KI-I2分光光度法测定波长为500nm,显色时间为120min,Brij35,Brij30,TritonX-100和Tween-80工作曲线相关系数在0.9971~0.9995之间;检测范围分别为0.2~25mol/L、0.4~25mol/L、1.5~50mol/L和0.5~50mg/L;操作简单,酸稳定性好,大部分盐类、非离子和阴阳表面活性剂、土壤腐植酸、土壤浸提液对测定的干扰小;易水解的Al3 和Fe3 对测定有较大的干扰,但加酸后即可消除。方法直接用于测定聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂在土壤上的吸附等温线获得了满意的效果。     

环糊精与两种有机物的包合物的不同光解特性

The effectiveness of the solubilization and photodegradation of β-cyclodextrin （β-CD） and hydroxypropyl-β- cyclodextrin （HPCD） on two hydrophobic organic compounds （HOC） of methyl parathion and pentachlorophenol was investigated. The results indicate that the solubilization or photodegradation of two HOC were influenced by complexing with β-CD or HPCD. The solubility of pentachlorophenol （PCP） was increased linearly with β-CD concentration. The solubility of methyl parathion （MPT） was increased with the increase of β-CD concentration initially, however, as the β-CD concentration was enhanced above 3 g/L, the solubility was decreased with increase of β-CD concentration. The solubilities of two HOC were increased linearly with the increase of HPCD concentration. Although the photodegradation of MPT was improved, the photodegradation of PCP was restrained by complexation of HOC with β-CD or HPCD. In a word, the effectiveness of photodegradation or solubilization of HPCD was more significant than that of β-CD. One potential application of such a method was the in situ remediation of hydrophobic organic pollutants in contaminated soil and groundwater or industrial waste streams.     

应用KI-I2分光光度法研究非离子表面活性剂在天然吸附剂上的吸附行为

介绍了测定水体中非离子表面活性剂的KI—I2分光光度法，并讨论了不同实验条件对测定结果的影响。结果表明，以KI—I2溶液为显色剂的分光光度法操作简单，工作曲线相关系数好，检测线性范围宽，酸稳定性好，大部分盐类和土壤腐殖酸对测定的干扰小。利用KI-I2分光光度法研究了3种非离子型表面活性剂Brij35、Brij30、Triton X-100在天然吸附剂上的吸附行为，获得了满意的效果。