离子色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定烟用接装纸中六价铬的含量

正铬(Cr)元素常以三价铬(Cr~(3+))和六价铬(Cr~(6+))的形态存在,在自然界中分布广泛。Cr~(3+)在人体正常糖脂代谢中是必不可少的微量元素,缺少Cr~(3+)可能会引发多种疾病;Cr~(6+)由于其氧化性和对皮肤的高渗透性,毒害性较大,被确认具有致癌作用[1]。烟用接装纸是香烟吸食过程中与口腔密切接触的部分,其安全性影响卷烟产品的整体质量安全,因此,针对卷烟产品中Cr~(6+)的含量进行质量监控很有必要。     

Pyrolysis Process of Plant Fibers北大核心CSCD

The natural plant fiber has a large molecular weight and complex structure and composition,and its thermal cracking products and the composition distribution are also more complex. The fast pyrolysiscomprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry（Py-GC×GC-TOF/MS）,thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（TG-FT-IR）,and in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（in situ FT-IR）methods were used to study the thermal pyrolysis process of six different natural fibers. The distribution of thermal pyrolysis products of different fibers under different pyrolysis temperatures was investigated and the product form was fully discussed. The research results show that the products of fiber pyrolysis mainly include alcohols,aldehydes,ketones,acids,esters,hydrocarbons, dehydrated sugars and CO2,etc. The types of pyrolysis products of different natural plant fibers are obviously different,and the main product types obtained are all different. At the same time,the results of in situ infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry show that pyrolysis products are closely related to the pyrolysis temperature. The results of in situ infrared experiments show that when the pyrolysis temperature is lower than 100 °C,the adsorbed water on the surface of the fiber structure is desorbed,but the fiber structure does not change significantly. When the pyrolysis temperature range is 100~200 °C,the temperature has little effect toward the pyrolysis process. When the temperature exceeds 300 °C,the fiber pyrolysis reaction intensifies and the surface structure changes significantly,and the main products are aldehydes and ketones. © 2022, Science Press (China). All rights reserved.     

不同植物纤维的热解和燃烧特性研究

本研究采用不等温热重法研究六种纤维（针叶、阔叶、竹、亚麻、草和棉）在N₂和空气气氛下的热解和燃烧特性,并采用Friedman法对其进行动力学分析。结果表明,纤维不同的热解和燃烧特性参数与其自身结构组成有关。纤维在热解和燃烧过程中,其挥发分析出温度Ts、终止温度Th、DTG峰温T_max、固定碳燃烧峰温、最大质量损失速率、热解指数P和燃烧指数S均随着升温速率的增加而增加;在N₂气氛下,亚麻纤维T_max最大,竹纤维T_max最小,棉纤维的T_s最大,草纤维的最大热解质量损失速率-（dm/dt）_max、热解指数P和燃烧指数S均最小;在转化率为0.05-0.85条件下,阔叶纤维平均表观活化能最小（173.3 kJ/mol）,竹纤的最大（201.10 kJ/mol）。在空气气氛下,所有纤维的热解过程的T_max均低于N₂条件下,在转化率为0.05-0.65时,纤维在空气中热解的表观活化能E_α