Local leakage current behaviours of BiFeO3 films

The leakage current behaviours of polycrystalline BiFeO₃ thin films are investigated by using both conductive atomic force microscopy and current-voltage characteristic measurements. The local charge transport pathways are found to be located mainly at the grain boundaries of the films. The leakage current density can be tuned by changing the post-annealing temperature, the annealing time, the bias voltage and the light illumination, which can be used to improve the performances of the ferroelectric devices based on the BiFeO₃ films. A possible leakage mechanism is proposed to interpret the charge transports in the polycrystalline BiFeO₃ films.     

Enhanced energy storage behaviors in free-standing antiferroelectric Pb(Zr_(0.95)Ti_(0.05))O_3 thin membranes

Free-standing antiferroelectric Pb(Zr_(0.95)Ti_(0.05)O_3(PZT(95/5)) thin film is fabricated on 200-nm-thick Pt foil by using pulsed laser deposition.X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that free-standing PZT(95/5) film possesses an α-axis preferred orientation.The critical electric field for the 300-nm-thick free-standing PZT(95/5) film transiting from antiferroelectric to ferroelectric phases is increased to 770 kV/cm,but its saturation polarization remains almost unchanged as compared with that of the substrate-clamped PZT(95/5) film.The energy storage density and energy efficiency of the substrate-clamped PZT(95/5) film are 6.49 J/cm~3 and 54.5%,respectively.In contrast,after removing the substrate,the energy storage density and energy efficiency of the free-standing PZT(95/5) film are enhanced up to 17.45 J/cm~3 and 67.9%,respectively.     

聚合物模板辅助镍微球的水热制备

以三嵌段共聚物HO(CH₂CH₂O)₂₀(CH₂CH(CH₃)O)₇₀(CH₂CH₂O)₂₀H (P123)为模板剂, 次亚磷酸钠为还原剂, 水热制备了微米级镍微球. 采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对产物进行表征. 结果表明, 镍微球由纳米级的镍微晶组成, 其中至少部分微球存在空心结构. 微球的尺寸随着前驱体溶液pH值的增加而减小, 其聚集成链的程度随着水热温度的上升而增强. 120和220 ℃水热合成微球的直径范围、平均微晶尺寸和矫顽力分别是1.5～4.5和0.8～4.5 μm, 16.0和14.2 nm, 以及91.5和66.1 Oe.     

稻米及其植株器官、环境土壤中总汞的快速测定

为了快速获得稻米及其植株器官、环境土壤等系列相关样品中总汞的含量,运用直接测汞仪测量了稻米及其植株器官、环境土壤等系列相关样品中总汞含量,建立了一种快速检测稻米及其植株器官、环境土壤中总汞的方法.优化了仪器的各项参数,最佳仪器条件为裂解温度为650℃保持40 s,释放温度900℃;验证了液体或固体标准物质作外标曲线对样...     

稻米及其植株器官、环境土壤中总汞的快速测定

为了快速获得稻米及其植株器官、环境土壤等系列相关样品中总汞的含量,运用直接测汞仪测量了稻米及其植株器官、环境土壤等系列相关样品中总汞含量,建立了一种快速检测稻米及其植株器官、环境土壤中总汞的方法。优化了仪器的各项参数,最佳仪器条件为裂解温度为650℃保持40 s,释放温度900℃;验证了液体或固体标准物质作外标曲线对样品检测结果无影响;考察了方法检出限、精密度、质控标准物质及加标回收等实验,方法检出限为0.13μg/kg,三次测量相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.60%～6.6%,质控标准物质测量值均在标准证书值范围内,加标回收率在90.7%～108%。结果表明,直接测汞仪能够在免化学消解样品的前提下,快速、准确地测量稻米米粒、植株器官、环境土壤等系列相关样品中总汞的含量。特别对汞含量较高的系列样品的检测有显著优势,显著降低汞的记忆效应,大大缩短了获取实验数据的周期。     

板条状钨酸铅的沉淀法合成及荧光特性

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板,采用沉淀法合成了板条状钨酸铅晶体.用X射线粉末衍射、扫描电镜、热分析、红外光谱和荧光光谱表征产物的结构和性质.结果表明,随着沉淀物熟化时间的增加,钨酸铅晶体结构从四方晶型转变为单斜晶型,外貌从层叠的塔状结构演变成板条状结构.相变还引起了571 cm-1的红外吸收峰强度的增大,但对热稳定性影响较小.不同熟化时间制备晶体的荧光发射光谱基本一致,都出现较强的378 nm蓝光发射峰.