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1.
An on-line solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandemmass spectrometry method for the analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in water samples was developed. The optimal analytical conditions were obtained through the optimization of the extraction efficiency of online solid phase extraction column, sample loading rate and loading volume, and the concentration of ammonium acetate in mobile phase. Under the optimal condition, the analytical method displayed good linearity (r2 > 0.99) for 12 PFASs (C5-C14 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and C6/C8 perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids) over a concentration range of 0.5-100 ng/L. The limits of quantitation for samples were between 0.025 ng/L and 0.5 ng/L and the relative standard deviations (RSD) of five consecutive analyses were less than 10% for 1 ng/L standard solution. Satisfactory results were obtained using this analytical method for the analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances in Antarctic ice core samples. The recoveries of all perfluoroalkyl substances were in a range of 73%-117% when the sampleswere spiked with standards at the concentrations of 2.5 ng/L and 25 ng/L. 相似文献
2.
Tetsuo Okada 《Chemical record (New York, N.Y.)》2017,17(4):415-428
Ice has a variety of scientifically interesting features, some of which have not been reasonably interpreted despite substantial efforts by researchers. Most chemical studies of ice have focused on the elucidation of its physicochemical nature and its roles in the natural environment. Ice often contains impurities, such as salts, and in such cases, a liquid phase coexists with solid ice over a wide temperature range. This impure ice also acts as a cryoreactor, governing the circulation of chemical species of environmental importance. Reactions and phenomena occurring in this liquid phase show features different from those seen in normal bulk aqueous solutions. In the present account, we discuss the chemical characteristics of the liquid phase that develops in a frozen aqueous phase and show how novel analytical systems can be designed based on he features of the liquid phase which are predictable in some cases but unpredictable in others. 相似文献
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The nonstationary rectilinear motion of an amphibian air-cushion vehicle (AACV) on a water surface covered with finely broken ice is considered for various modes of velocity variation. The influence of
the water depth, flotation parameters, and mode of motion on the wave resistance of the vehicle is analyzed. Maneuvering methods
for increasing or decreasing the wave resistance of AACVs are proposed.
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Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 97–102, January–February, 2007. 相似文献
6.
L. A. Tkacheva 《Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics》2007,48(2):271-278
The vertical motion of a system of two identical seismic sources and a spring truck tractor on ice under the action of a shock
pulse from the seismic sources is studied to estimate the strength of ice. It is shown that during the pulse time, the interaction
of the masses of the seismic sources and the tractor is small and the compressibility effect of the liquid can be ignored.
Calculations show that for the seismic sources, the dynamic load far exceeds the static load and for the tractor, the static
load is maximal.
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Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 147–155, March–April, 2007. 相似文献
7.
用白光相对客观散斑技术实测海冰力学性质的初探 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文提出了一种改进的白光散技术,应用此技术测量了单轴压缩下海冰的弹性模量,实测结果与电测法的结果符合程度良好,本文方法操作简单,避免了海水的表面缺隐和浸反射条件差以及表面升华等因素对测量的影响。 相似文献
8.
V. I. Odinokov A. M. Sergeeva 《Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics》2006,47(2):266-273
The spatial problem of determining the stress-strain state of an ice plate of finite thickness broken by a patented method
is solved using the theory of small elastoplastic strains and a proven numerical method.
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Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 139–146, March–April, 2006. 相似文献
9.
一套预测冰面上汽车牵引力的模型 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:4
根据传热学中的热平衡原理及冰的摩擦经理论,建立了冰面汽车牵引力的预测模型。研究表明:所建立的理论模型比已有的模型更接近实际,从摩擦学角度系统分析了汽车工作条件和环境因素以及表面粗糙度等对牵引力的影响,提出了今后研究中有待解决的几个问题。 相似文献
10.
给出了关于冰的粘弹性微分本构模型的广义变分原理和冰载荷计算的有限元方法。修正的增量粘弹性矩阵有效地加速了迭代过程,计算了瞬态温度场下冰内压应力分布及对结构物作用力。其结果与实测数据定性吻合。 相似文献