Excess enthalpies of ternary mixtures of (oxygenated additives + aromatic hydrocarbon) mixtures in fuels and bio-fuels: (Dibutyl-ether + 1-propanol + benzene), or toluene,at T = (298.15 and 313.15) K

New experimental excess molar enthalpy data of the ternary systems (dibutyl ether + 1-propanol + benzene, or toluene), and the corresponding binary systems at T = (298.15 and 313.15) K at atmospheric pressure are reported. A quasi-isothermal flow calorimeter has been used to make the measurements. All the binary and ternary systems show endothermic character at both temperatures. The experimental data for the systems have been fitted using the Redlich–Kister rational equation. Considerations with respect the intermolecular interactions amongst ether, alcohol and hydrocarbon compounds are presented.     

Preparation of Bio-hydrogen and Bio-fuels from Lignocellulosic Biomass Pyrolysis-Oil

In recent years, production of engine fuels and energy from biomass has drawn much interest. In this work, we conducted a novel integrated process for the preparation of bio-hydrogen and bio-fuels using lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis-oil (bio-oil). The process includes (i) the production of bio-hydrogen or bio-syngas by the catalytic cracking of bio-oil, (ii) the adjustment of bio-syngas, and (iii) the production of bio-fuels by ole nic polymerization (OP) together with Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS). Under the optimal conditions, the yield of bio-hydrogen was 120.9 g H₂/(kg bio-oil). The yield of hydrocarbon bio-fuels reached 526.1 g/(kg bio-syngas) by the coupling of OP and FTS. The main reaction pathways (or chemical processes) were discussed based on the products observed and the catalyst property.     

Simulation of the fast pyrolysis of Tunisian biomass feedstocks for bio-fuel production

An optimized model is developed for the production of bio-fuels from biomass using a SuperPro Designer tool. Four types of Tunisian biomass feedstocks including date palm rachis, olive stones, vine stems and almond shells were selected for the fast pyrolysis process simulation. Simulation tests were performed at different temperatures ranging from 450 to 650 °C, and residence times ranging from 0.1 to 10 s and the products yield were determined. The obtained results indicate that a temperature of 575 °C and 0.25 s vapor residence time are the optimum parameters to maximize the bio-oil yield. Comparison between the different feedstocks indicates that a higher bio-oil fraction was obtained from the date palm rachis and vine stem. However, the difference between the samples is not significant and further investigations on the bio-oil properties are requested to select the suitable biomass for bio-oil production in Tunisia.     

生物油制备生物质氢气和生物质燃料

研究了一种以生物质裂解油为原料制备氢气和生物燃料的催化转化过程。该过程包括生物油催化裂解制备氢气和生物合成气,合成气的调变,烯烃聚合和费脱合成耦合制备生物燃料。在优化反应条件下,氢气产率达到120.9 g H₂/（kg bio-oil）,烯烃聚合-费脱合成耦合反应形成的生物燃料产率达到526.1 g/（kg bio-syngas）。基于产物分析和催化剂特性表征,探讨了生物燃料合成过程中的反应路径和化学反应过程.