基于点扫描结构光的SHG超分辨显微技术研究

二次谐波产生(SHG)成像技术是一种针对非中心对称生物组织的免标记成像技术,已经成为生命科学研究的重要手段。衍射极限使得SHG技术无法分辨衍射极限以下的精细结构。虽然超分辨显微技术取得了突破性进展,但是SHG的相干非线性过程限制了SHG超分辨显微技术的发展。提出了一种点扫描结构光照明SHG超分辨显微(SHG-psSIM)技术,实现了氧化锌颗粒和小鼠尾腱的超分辨SHG显微成像。在传统的SHG显微系统的激发光路中引入电光调制器,通过对激发光正弦调制产生点扫描结构照明图案。基于点扫描结构照明图案与样本结构相互作用产生的莫尔条纹效应,将原本不可探测的样本高频信息搬移到显微镜通频带内,并利用光电倍增管探测。最后,利用软件重构出超分辨率图像。对比传统SHG系统,SHG-psSIM分辨率提高了1.86倍。     

L-苯丙氨酸构象和电离能的理论研究

我们对L-苯丙氨酸进行了全势能面搜索,采用B3LYP方法优化了L-苯丙氨酸的648种可能构象,最终得到了37种稳定存在的构象.分别采用B3LYP、B3PW91、M06-2X、MP2和CCSD(T)计算了L-苯丙氨酸最稳定的10种构象的相对能量,其中M06-2X和MP2方法能够给出较好的结果.对比不同的基组,说明采用aug-cc-pVDZ已经接近达到基组收敛极限.用电子传播子理论P3近似方法计算稳定构象外价壳层轨道的垂直电离能与光电子能谱实验符合的很好;根据构象的相对能量以及理论模拟与实验的光电能谱的比对,说明对气相光电子能谱至少四种构象有贡献.     

烯丙醇和烯丙硫醇构象的Dyson轨道和电离能

用B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ方法研究了烯丙醇和烯丙硫醇的构象. 采用MP3、MP4(SDQ)和CCSD(T)方法计算了它们的相对能量,这两种分子Gg0构象均最稳定. 根据理论计算的电离能模拟的光电子能谱说明在气相实验中烯丙醇和烯丙硫醇至少存在四种构象. 烯丙硫醇最外壳层和次外壳层的Dyson轨道均显示出强烈的n_S和π_C=C混合特征,这是由于S的孤对电子轨道和C=C_π轨道之间的共振效应和诱导效应引起的.     

L-苯丙氨酸构象和电离能的理论研究

摘要: 我们对L-苯丙氨酸进行了全势能面搜索,采用B3LYP方法优化了L-苯丙氨酸的648种可能构象,最终得到了37种稳定存在的构象。分别采用B3LYP、B3PW91、M06-2X、MP2和CCSD(T)计算了L-苯丙氨酸最稳定的10种构象的相对能量,其中M06-2X和MP2方法能够给出较好的结果。对比不同的基组,说明采用aug-cc-pVDZ已经接近达到基组收敛极限。用电子传播子理论P3近似方法计算稳定构象外价壳层轨道的垂直电离能与光电子能谱实验符合的很好;根据构象的相对能量以及理论模拟与实验的光电能谱的比对,说明对气相光电子能谱至少四种构象有贡献.     

Theoretical study of γ-aminobutyric acid conformers： Intramolecular interactions and ionization energies

Allowing for all combinations of internal single-bond rotamers, 1,296 unique trial structures of γ-Aminobutyric acid （GABA） are obtained. All of these structures are optimized at the M06-2X level of theory and a total of 68 local minimal conformers are found. The nine low-lying conformers are used for further studies. According to the calculated relative Gibbs free energies at M06-2X level of theory, we find that the dispersion is important for the relative energy of GABA. The intramolecular hydrogen bonds and byperconjugative interaction and their effects on the conformational stability are studied. The results show that both of them have great influence on the conformers. The vertical ionization energies （VIE） are calculated and match the experimental data well. The results show that the neutral GABA in the gas phase is a multi-conformer system and at least four conformations exist.     

平衡和非平衡方法计算相对结合自由能的精度和效率比较

Estimation of protein-ligand binding affinity within chemical accuracy is one of the grand challenges in structure-based rational drug design. With the efforts over three decades, free energy methods based on equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have become mature and are nowadays routinely applied in the community of computational chemistry. On the contrary, nonequilibrium MD simulation methods have attracted less attention, despite their underlying rigor in mathematics and potential advantage in efficiency. In this work, the equilibrium and nonequilibrium simulation methods are compared in terms of accuracy and convergence rate in the calculations of relative binding free energies. The proteins studied are T4-lysozyme mutant L99A and COX-2. For each protein, two ligands are studied. The results show that the nonequilibrium simulation method can be competitively as accurate as the equilibrium method, and the former is more efficient than the latter by considering the convergence rate with respect to the cost of wall clock time. In addition, Bennett acceptance ratio, which is a bidirectional post-processing method, converges faster than the unidirectional Jarzynski equality for the nonequilibrium simulations.