压气机悬臂静叶流场非定常数值模拟

以现代高压压气机一排悬臂静叶与一排转叶组成的典型级为研究对象,采用非定常数值模拟方法,分析了非定常与定常数值模拟计算得出的级特性线以及峰值效率点气动参数在展向分布的差异,并对悬臂静叶内部流场结构进行了详细分析,结果表明:当悬臂静叶的轮毂设计间隙为2.5%叶高时,非定常计算的综合喘振裕度比定常大5.85%;在峰值效率点工况下,悬臂静叶总压损失和转子效率的非定常影响范围在10%以内,转叶进口相对气流角沿展向分布的影响在0.5°以内。悬臂静叶根部10%叶高以下区域出现了明显的泄漏流动,3.4%叶高压力系数变化最大,轮毂泄漏流起始于20%弦长附近,发展到70%弦长位置时泄漏损失最大,随后逐渐减弱.     

垂直旋转流场中单颗粒运动状态判别及受力分析

为研究单颗粒在旋转流场中的运动状态及受力情况,以毫米级球形颗粒为例,利用旋转流场颗粒运动装置,通过使用摄像机记录颗粒在流场中的运动轨迹以获取其运动参数,分析了不同转速和颗粒直径条件下颗粒的运动轨迹,拟合得到了颗粒运动状态判别公式以及颗粒运动轨迹公式,分析了颗粒在旋转流场中的受力情况。结果表明,颗粒在旋转流场平衡状态下运动状态主要分为两类,一类是未离开壁面保持静止,另一类是离开壁面保持稳定周向运动;颗粒进行周向运动的轨迹为椭圆形,并且圆心随着转速的增大靠近旋转中心,而随着粒径的增大靠近壁面;颗粒在旋转流场的运动过程中主要受到离心力和旋转科式力作用。     

回转体头部通气入水流场演化与载荷特性数值预报研究

地下硐室作为爆炸危险物的隐蔽贮藏空间，有潜在的内爆炸风险。为研究内爆炸作用下硐室围岩的动态响应机制，提出了一种基于岩石HJC （Holmquist-Johnson-Cook）模型和节理内聚力单元的损伤-虚拟裂纹模型。分析了模拟方法的可靠性，并在此基础上，通过多物质ALE算法对球形硐室内爆炸过程进行数值模拟，分析了围岩损伤范围和分区破坏规律。研究表明：插入内聚力单元弥补了HJC模型无法模拟低静水压力下张拉破坏的不足，且尺寸效应易于处理。模拟方法同时考虑了岩体内张拉裂纹的扩展和岩石材料的塑性损伤，能够真实地反映岩石破坏的全过程。以红砂岩为例，根据数值模拟结果，填实（耦合装药）爆炸时围岩分区破坏规律明显，破碎区比例半径为0.26 m/kg^1/3、裂隙区比例半径为0.47 m/kg^1/3。随着硐室尺寸的增大，空气的间隔作用可以减小爆炸荷载对围岩的损伤作用，比例半径达到0.52 m/kg^1/3时，可以实现爆炸荷载的完全解耦。     

The modified Casson＇s equation and its application to pipe flows of shear-thickening fluid

A few additional data from our previous experiments were plotted to emphasize the shear-thickening behavior of deoxy sickle erythrocyte (SS) suspension. A constitutive equation (named as FX equation) was developed and applied to a cylindrical pipe flow of a shear-thickening fluid. A blunt velocity profile and its volume flow rate were calculated. The flow was non-viscous (potential) in the central part of the pipe (i.e. the central core or the central plug-flow), and became more and more viscous towards the wall of the pipe after a specific radial distance, which was determined by a critical shear rate of (named as Fungs shear rate). Furthermore, combining the FX equation with the original Cassons equation, the author obtained a modified Cassons equation by introducing .The English text was polished by Yunming Chen.     

DAMPING OF VERTICALLY EXCITED SURFACE WAVE IN WEAKLY VISCOUS FLUID

In a vertically oscillating circular cylindrical container, singular perturbation theory of two-time scale expansions is developed in weakly viscous fluids to investigate the motion of single free surface standing wave by linearizing the Navier-Stokes equation. The fluid field is divided into an outer potential flow region and an inner boundary layer region. The solutions of both two regions are obtained and a linear amplitude equation incorporating damping term and external excitation is derived. The condition to appear stable surface wave is obtained and the critical curve is determined. In addition, an analytical expression of damping coefficient is determined. Finally, the dispersion relation, which has been derived from the inviscid fluid approximation, is modified by adding linear damping. It is found that the modified results are reasonably closer to experimental results than former theory. Result shows that when forcing frequency is low, the viscosity of the fluid is prominent for the mode selection. However, when forcing frequency is high, the surface tension of the fluid is prominent.     

弹塑性波计算中的光滑粒子法

采用改进的光滑粒子法 ,对脉冲应力载荷下板中弹塑性一维应变波的传播进行了数值计算 ,比较了人工粘性法和通量修正法处理冲击波间断面的效果。结果表明 ,改进的光滑粒子法在应力波数值计算中有良好的精度。     

迎风通量差分分裂法对边界层特性的数值模拟

迎风通量差分分裂法作为一种高效率的数值方法,已被广泛地用于模拟各种复杂流场,但用这类方法模拟有边界层存在的超音速粘性流场时,必须保证通量差分分裂为守恒的;否则,将在边界层内引入一个可观的虚假人工扩散项和压力梯度项,歪曲了边界层特性。本文就这个问题进行理论和数值的研究。     

多循环脉冲爆震发动机流场数值研究

针对二维带有收敛扩张喷管的脉冲爆震发动机模型，采用带基元化学反应的Euler方程组和H2、空气的9组分20基元反应，对发动机在前六个工作循环的流场进行了数值模拟。通过对前几个循环流场进行比较，发现脉冲爆震发动机在第五个循环后流场就基本稳定，单循环得到的流场和多循环稳定后的流场有很大的差别，同时喷管对发动机内流场影响特别大。     

旋风分离器压力损失及减阻杆的研究

本文介绍通过安装旋风分离器减阻杆前后压力损失及分离效率的测定，了解减阻杆对分离器性能的影响．根据流场测定结果，分析了减阻杆的减阻机理及减阻杆减阻时可保证分离效率的原因．     

一种新型均匀扩散器流场的数值模拟

异性纤维检出设备中扩散器内部流场的情况,直接影响着落棉率和整个清除系统的工作效率.本文用计算流体力学软件FLUENT对新型均匀扩散器的流场进行数值模拟,通过改进扩散器的结构参数,实现流场的均匀和稳定,进而提高整个系统纤维检出设备的清除效率.之后对计算结果进行分析,提出了两种经过结构优化的改进模型,并分析了其内部流场.