载波钝化和钼酸盐后处理对不锈钢钝化膜性能的影响

一般认为交流电对金属的腐蚀过程具有加速作用,但我们发现,在直流电位基础上叠加适当波形、幅值和频率的交流电对不锈钢进行载波钝化,尔后再进行适当后处理可使钝化膜的稳定性提高,我们曾就不经后处理的载波钝化过程进行过探讨,本文着重探讨钼酸盐后处理对载波钝化膜表面状态和化学稳定性改善的作用机理。     

Effects of hydrothermal post-treatment on microstructures and morphology of titanate nanoribbons

Titanate nanoribbons were prepared via a hydrothermal treatment of rutile-type TiO₂ powders in a 10 M NaOH solution at 200 °C for 48 h. The as-prepared titanate nanoribbons were then hydrothermally post-treated at 150 °C for 12-36 h. The titanate nanoribbons before and after hydrothermal post-treatment were characterized with FESEM, XRD, TEM, UV-VIS and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The results showed that the hydrothermal post-treatment not only promoted the phase transformation from titanate to anatase TiO₂, but also was beneficial to the removal of Na⁺ ions remained in the titanate nanoribbons. After hydrothermal post-treatment, the TiO₂ samples retained the one-dimensional structure feature of the titanate nanoribbons and showed an obvious increase in the specific surface area and the pore volume.     

盐酸后处理制备高效制氢光催化剂Zn2In2S5

采用水热法制备了ZnIn₂S₄固溶体, 并通过用盐酸对其进行后处理获得了系列Zn_mIn₂S_m+3(m≥2, 整数)固溶体. 通过X射线衍射(XRD)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、 紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、 荧光光谱(PL)和电化学测试对催化剂的组成、 结构和性能进行了表征. 研究了系列固溶体可见光光催化制氢活性. 结果表明, ZnIn₂S₄固溶体经0.5 mol/L HCl处理后能转化为Zn₂In₂S₅固溶体, 其制氢活性为ZnIn₂S₄固溶体的2.2倍, 并且具有良好的稳定性.     

多孔碳材料的化学气相后处理及其超级电容性能

以廉价的椰壳为原料制备了高比表面积的多孔碳材料,然后在密闭的反应釜中以硝酸蒸汽对多孔碳材料进行了后处理,制备了亲水性更好的多孔碳材料。采用扫描透射电子显微镜(TEM)、物理吸附、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)和接触角测试对材料的微观形貌、孔道结构、组成和亲水性进行了表征,探究了不同温度下硝酸蒸汽对多孔碳材料的形貌、结构的影响,并采用循环伏安法、恒电流充放电法和交流阻抗法考察了多孔碳材料的超级电容性能。结果表明,经过硝酸蒸汽处理后的多孔碳材料的比表面积和孔体积均有所降低,且随着处理温度的升高,降低得更加明显,而亲水性却越来越好。电化学测试结果表明,经过100℃硝酸蒸汽处理的多孔碳材料(CSC-100)具有最佳的超级电容性能。在以6 mol·L^-1 KOH为电解液的三电极体系中,当电流密度为0.5 A·g^-1时CSC-100的比电容可达452.9 F·g^-1,而未经硝酸蒸汽处理的多孔碳材料(CSC)的比电容仅为350.4 F·g^-1。电容贡献分析表明CSC-100良好的亲水性和表面官能团不仅提高了双电层电容,也提高了赝电容。     

The improvement of corrosion resistance of Ce conversion films on aluminum alloy by phosphate post-treatment

A phosphate post-treatment process for Ce conversion film on aluminum was studied. SEM (scanning electronic microscope), XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and electrochemical measurements were used to characterize the properties of the films. After the post-treatment the micro-cracks on the film surface obviously diminished, and corrosion resistance of the conversion film in NaCl solution increased. The conversion film, without post-treatment, was mainly composed of hydrated cerium oxides, and the dehydration of the film may cause cracking of the films. After phosphate treatment, stable cerium phosphate CePO₄ was formed on the surface, and the content of crystal water decreased greatly, leading to improvement of the film performance with less micro-cracks.     

Silicalite-1的后处理对其催化环己酮肟气相Beckmann重排反应性能的影响

 研究了silicalite-1分子筛的不同后处理方法对其催化环己酮肟Beckmann重排制己内酰胺性能的影响,这些方法包括水(或氨)蒸气处理以及在碱性、酸性或中性条件下用NH4NO3处理. 结合XRD,FT-IR和 29Si MAS NMR表征结果对silicalite-1催化剂的活性中心进行了探讨. 结果表明,碱性条件下用NH4NO3进行后处理对提高分子筛的催化性能最为有利. 分子筛上无规则排布的末端硅羟基数量的减少,以及具有相互氢键作用的邻式硅羟基的产生是其催化性能提升的主要原因.     

Analysis of an HIV model with post-treatment control

Recent investigation indicated that latent reservoir and immune impairment are responsible for the post-treatment control of HIV infection. In this paper, we simplify the disease model with latent reservoir and immune impairment and perform a series of mathematical analysis. We obtain the basic infection reproductive number $R_{0}$ to characterize the viral dynamics. We prove that when $R_{0}<1$, the uninfected equilibrium of the proposed model is globally asymptotically stable. When $R_{0}>1$, we obtain two thresholds, the post-treatment immune control threshold and the elite control threshold. The model has bistable behaviors in the interval between the two thresholds. If the proliferation rate of CTLs is less than the post-treatment immune control threshold, the model does not have positive equilibria. In this case, the immune free equilibrium is stable and the system will have virus rebound. On the other hand, when the proliferation rate of CTLs is greater than the elite control threshold, the system has stable positive immune equilibrium and unstable immune free equilibrium. Thus, the system is under elite control.     

电极处理对葡萄糖传感器稳定性的影响

针对目前在共价键法固定葡萄糖氧化酶传感器过程中,存在影响传感器稳定性的封装,氧化和后处理3个问题,通过选择新的封装材料,进行多层复合封装,解决了因封装失效影响传感器稳定性的问题。研究了铂电极的氧化方法和氧化程度对传感器稳定性的影响,优化了铂电极的氧化工艺;采用了新的电极通电后处理方法,制得了性能良好的传感器,使电极的稳定性显著提高,经连续测试15天,传感器的相对活性为91％,存放3个月后,传感器的相对活性达到90％。     

双硫腙后处理诱导的钙钛矿膜二次结晶和钝化

有机-无机杂化钙钛矿较低的缺陷形成能和表面的悬挂键会导致其薄膜中产生铅缺陷。这些深能级缺陷会直接引起载流子的非辐射复合,导致有机-无机杂化钙钛矿光伏器件的界面接触和载流子传输效率变差,最终降低了器件的综合性能。采用双硫腙作为钙钛矿薄膜表面的二次结晶诱导剂和铅缺陷钝化剂,通过对钙钛矿膜进行后处理的方法实现对钙钛矿薄膜的形貌调控和缺陷钝化。进一步的研究结果表明,双硫腙通过与铅离子配位的方式有效地钝化了铅缺陷,并诱导了表面钙钛矿晶体的二次结晶,改善了薄膜质量,进而提高了器件的综合性能。     

The Effect of Polymer Microstructure and Thermal Post-Treatment on Latex-Based Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Performance

Summary: Butyl acrylate/acrylic acid/2-hydroxyl methacrylate (BA/AA/HEMA, weight ratio: 96/2/2) latexes were produced via starved seeded semi-batch emulsion polymerization. The microstructure of the latex polymers was controlled by varying the amount of chain transfer agent (1-dodecanethiol). The latexes were characterized for gel content, M_c (molecular weight between two adjacent cross-linking points), M_w (molecular weight of sol polymers) and M_e (molecular weight between entanglements). From these latexes, PSA films were cast, dried, conditioned and then thermally post-treated at 120 °C to react the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups from the AA and HEMA units. Tack, peel strength and shear strength of the PSA films were then measured. The thermal post-treatment was shown to be an effective way to improve latex-based PSA performance. The effectiveness of the post-treatment was observed to depend on the polymer microstructure (M_c relative to M_e relative to M_w) of the untreated latex-based PSAs and on the gel content.