SPECIFIC PROTEIN OCCURRENCE RELATED WITH PHOTOPERIODIC FLOWER INDUCTION IN THE COTYLEDONS OF Pharbitis nil CV. VIOLET

In our experiment, three groups of seedlings of SDP Pharbitis nil cv. violet were sepa-rately treated with three different photoperiods (1,16 h dark period--SD; 2, continuous illumi-nation--CL; 3, 16 h dark treatment with 10 min white light in the middle of the dark period--NB). By analysing proteins in the cotyledons from three groups with 2-D PAGE, we found nodifference in protein pattern between the three groups at 0 or 8 h after photoperiodic treatments.At 24 h after the treatments, a specific protein(MW:19 kD; pI: 4.5)appeared only in the cotyledonsof the seedlings which endured SD. This protein disappeared at 72 h after SD. ActinomycinD could inhibit flowering and the specific protein occurrence when applied to cotyledonsprior to SD, but it had no inhibition effect on flowering as well as the specific proteinoccurrence when applied to cotyledons after SD. Chloroamphenicol, a protein synthesisinhibitor, inhibited flowering when applied to cotyledons prior to or immediately after SD,but it did not i     

Emission of 2-phenylethanol from its β-d-glucopyranoside and the biogenesis of these compounds from [H8] l-phenylalanine in rose flowers

The hydrolysis of 2-phenylethyl β-d-glucopyranoside (3) was found to be partially inhibited by feeding with 2-phenyl-N-glucosyl-acetamidiumbromide (8), a β-glucosidase inhibitor, resulting in a decrease in the diurnal emission of 2-phenylethanol (2) from Rosa damascena Mill. flowers. Detection of [1,1,2,2′,3′,4′,5′,6′-²H₈]-2 and [1,2,2′,3′,4′,5′,6′-²H₇]-2 from R. ‘Hoh-Jun’ flowers fed with [1,1,2,2′,3′,4′,5′,6′-²H₈]-3 suggested that β-glucosidase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and reductase might be involved in scent emission. Comprehensive GC-SIM analyses revealed that [1,2,2,2′,3′,4′,5′,6′-²H₈]-2 and [1,2,2,2′,3′,4′,5′,6′-²H₈]-3 must be biosynthesized from [1,2,2,2′,3′,4′,5′6′-²H₈] l-phenylalanine ([²H₈]-1) with a retention of the deuterium atom at α-position of [²H₈]-1.     

Measure of segments which intersect a convex body from rotational formulae

Classical problems in integral geometry and geometric probability involve the kinematic measure of congruent segments of fixed length within a convex body in R³. We give this measure from rotational formulae; that is, from isotropic plane sections through a fixed point. From this result we also obtain a new rotational formula for the volume of a convex body; which is proved to be equivalent to the wedge formula for the volume.     

Structure of tecophilin,a tri-caffeoylanthocyanin from the blue petals of Tecophilaea cyanocrocus, and the mechanism of blue color development

The pigment, tecophilin, in blue flowers of Tecophilaea cyanocrocus was isolated and the structure was determined to be 3-O-(6-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-7-O-(6-O-(4-O-(2-O-(4-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(E)-caffeoyl)-6-O-(4-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(E)-caffeoyl)-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-(E)-caffeoyl)-β-d-glucopyranosyl)delphinidin. The reproduction experiment of the same color as petals according to the results of chemical analysis and measurement of vacuolar pH of blue cells clarified that the blue color solely develops by tecophilin without interaction of metal ions nor co-pigments. ¹H NMR analysis and CD spectrum indicate the co-existence of clockwise intermolecular self-association of the delphinidin nuclei and intramolecular π–π stacking between the chromophore and caffeoyl residues to derive bathochromic shift of the absorption spectrum and stabilize the color by preventing hydration reaction.     

Optical properties of flower‐like CdS prepared by a hydrothermal method with SDBS as surfactant

In this article, flower‐like CdS structures have been prepared by a hydrothermal method with SDBS as surfactant. The influences of different experimental conditions on the morphologies, UV‐Vis and fluorescence properties of CdS have been investigated. The performances of CdS have been analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), ultraviolet‐visible (UV–Vis) and room‐temperature photoluminescence (PL). The XRD result indicates that the flower‐like CdS structures are of hexagonal phase. The FESEM results indicate that the main role of SDBS is to make the CdS crystals assemble together to form the flower‐like structures. The UV–Vis results show CdS has a strong absorption in the ultraviolet region and visible‐light region. The PL results show CdS has two emission peaks, respectively at 461 nm and 553 nm. The growth mechanism for the formation of flower‐like CdS structures is also described.     

化学计量学二阶校正方法结合高效液相色谱用于蜂蜜中10种酚酸类物质的快速定量分析

利用化学计量学二阶校正方法结合高效液相色谱对枣花蜜中10种酚酸类物质的快速定量分析进行了研究。首先通过验证样本研究了所建立模型的准确性。结果显示：10种酚酸类物质的线性相关系数（R）为0.9982~0.9999,平均回收率为97.6%~101.1%,说明所建立的模型稳定可靠。其次,通过模拟蜂蜜试验,确定了固相萃取柱的种类及操作条件（HLB柱,酸化水淋洗,甲醇洗脱）。最后,利用模拟蜂蜜得到的最优条件结合化学计量学二阶校正方法,测定了枣花蜜中10种酚酸类物质的含量,并测得其加标回收率为62.1%~93.8%,考虑到目标分析物的种类较多,且蜂蜜基质极为复杂,该结果基本满足要求。另外,还利用统计与品质因子验证了试验方法的可靠性,结果令人满意。该方法具有简单、快速等优点,可用于复杂基质中多种目标分析物的同时定量分析。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定金银花中6种有毒元素

建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定金银花中铅、镉、铬、镍、铜、砷6种有毒元素含量。采用微波消解法进行前处理,以钪、铟、铋3种元素作为内标物,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法对50批金银花样品中铅、镉、铬、镍、铜、砷6种有毒元素含量进行测定,以内标法定量,并应用SPSS软件对测定值进行统计学分析。6种有毒元素的质量浓度在0~300μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数均不小于0.9997。6种有毒元素的检出限为0.003~0.020 mg/kg,样品加标回收率为80.0%~111.0%,相对标准偏差为0.71%~3.82%(n=6)。50批金银花样品中共计有14批样品有毒元素含量超出2015年版《中华人民共和国药典》规定,超标率为28%。聚类分析将50批样品分为3大类。该方法操作简单,灵敏度高,专属性好,可准确快速地同时测定金银花中多种有毒元素含量,可作为中药材品质及安全性监管的技术手段。     

数量化理论在金银花产地分类中的应用

采用数量化理论的方法.以金银花中微量元素含量作为变量,进行了产地分类,分析结果表明,金银花按产地可分3类:新密、封丘和平邑为一类;南京为一类;昆明和桂林为一类.结果与生产实际一致.     

Analysis of anthocyanin pigments in Lonicera (Caerulea) extracts using chromatographic fractionation followed by microcolumn liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

Anthocyanins from the fruit Lonicera caerulea L. var. kamtschatica (blueberry honeysuckle, Caprifoliaceae) were studied via (semi)preparative chromatographic fractionation followed by MS and μLC/MS analysis. The extraction procedure was optimized with respect to analytical purposes as well as its potential use for the preparation of nutraceuticals. The highest yield of anthocyanins was obtained using acidified methanol as the extraction medium. A comparable total anthocyanin content was obtained using a mixture of methanol and acetone. However, when Lonicera anthocyanins were in contact with acetone, a condensation reaction occurred to a large extent and related 5-methylpyranoanthocyanins were found. The effect of other extraction media, including ethanol as a "green" solvent, is also discussed. The potential of two fractionation procedures for extract purification differing in their chromatographic selectivity and scale was studied (i.e. using a Sephadex LH-20 gel column and a reversed phase). Fractions obtained by both procedures were used for a detailed analysis. MS and μLC/MS(2) methods were used for monitoring anthocyanin and 5-methylpyranoderivatives content as well as identifying less common and more complex dyes (dimer of cyanidin-3-hexoside, cyanidin-ethyl-catechin-hexosides, etc.). These more complex dyes are most likely formed during fruit treatment.