Use of Physical Properties for Compositional Analysis of Ternary Mixtures. Application to Mixtures of 2-Methoxy-2-methylbutane, Methanol, and 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane or Methylcyclohexane

Two ternary systems comprising gasoline components were characterized by determining their refractive indexes, densities, sound transmission speeds, and isentropic compressibilities at 25°C and 1 atm pressure. These data were then correlated with composition using a polynomial. Single measurements of the refractive index and density of fully miscible mixtures of the system 2-methoxy-2-methylbutane (TAME) + methanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane allowed estimation of its composition with precision better than ±0.002 mole fraction. However, it was shown that this approach to compositional analysis of homogeneous mixtures of TAME + methanol + methylcyclohexane would not give reliable results.     

TAME合成原料及产品的气相色谱分析

采用SE- 30毛细柱、FID、程序升温气相色谱法分析了TAME合成原料及产品的C5组成 ,解析出 C5的8个组分 ;采用 GDX1 0 4填充柱、TCD对含醚产品进行了分析 ,解析出水、甲醇及 TAME。为试验研究和工业生产提供了一种快速准确的方法。     

异戊烯与甲醇成醚反应机理的量子化学研究

对2-甲基-1-丁烯、2-甲基-2-丁烯与甲醇反应生成甲基叔戊基醚的反应历程进行了量子化学研究, 结果表明, 反应过程包括两个基元步骤: 2-甲基-1-丁烯和2-甲基-2-丁烯与氢离子作用生成碳正离子, 活化能分别为E1=2.26 kJ/mol, E2=7.72 kJ/mol; 甲醇与叔碳正离子反应成醚, 活化能为E3=1.29 kJ/mol, 碳正离子的生成是反应的速控步骤. 2-甲基-1-丁烯与2-甲基-2-丁烯相互转化的异构化活化能分别为E'1=4.40 kJ/mol, E'2=63.11 kJ/mol, 高于成醚的活化能, 反应体系不发生烯烃相互转化的异构化反应.     

Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Synthesis of Tertiary-Amyl Methyl Ether Catalyzed by Ion-Exchange Resin

Synthesis of tertiary-amyl methyl ether (TAME) was carried out in the temperature range 40–70 ° Cusing a sulfonic acid resin as the catalyst. Thermodynamic data were calculated from the equilibrium concentration of the components in a stirred batch reactor by the Unifac method. The enthalpy change of TAME formation was calculated to be (?20.4 ± 0.8) kJ/mol and the equilibrium constant is expressed as Ka = 3.94 × 10^?4 exp (20400/RT). For the kinetic tests, a homogeneous solution system was selected to interpret experimental results. The activation energy of the forward reaction was calculated to be (94.0 ± 1.5) kJ/mol and the rate constant is expressed as k₂ = 5.31 × 10¹¹ exp (?94000/RT). The validity of this kinetic model was verified by fitting experimental data.     

甲醇与异戊烯醚化反应的研究

采用国产大孔磺酸树脂(NKC-9),在无梯度反应器对异戊烯与甲醇醚化反应进行了研究,在消除内扩散和外扩散的情况下,考察了甲醇浓度对醚化反应速度的影响,根据LHHW机理和均相反应机理推导出相应的模型方程,经模型筛选和参数估值,得出 LHHW模型为最佳模型.在该模型中反应速率的实验值与模拟值有较好的一致性.     

异戊烯催化醚化反应的研究

为了适应环保的要求,世界各国已纷纷明令不准使用含铅汽油,而代之以掺有汽油添加剂的无铅汽油,汽油添加剂主要是一些含氧有机化合物。醚类具有可替代汽油组份、不溶于水、调合辛烷值高、蒸气压低和不污染环境等优点,适合作为汽油添加剂。目前已开发了甲基叔丁基醚（Ｍ...     

改性Hβ-分子筛催化FCC轻汽油醚化反应性能的研究

分别用硼，SO4^2-/Fe2O3对Hβ－分子筛进行改性，并研究改性后催化剂的表面酸性变化及其对FCC汽油醚化反应的催化活性，稳定性的影响。结果表明，两种改性剂的引入，均增加了L酸及强酸的总量，提高了烯烃的转化率。硼改性催化剂的选择性高于SO4^20-Fe2O3改性的催化剂；改性催化剂上活性组分的最佳含量约1．0％。     

Excess Enthalpies of (2,2,4-Trimethylpentane or Cyclohexane) + Methyl tert-Butyl Ether + tert-Amyl Methyl Ether at 25°C

Microcalormetric measurements of excess molar enthalpies at 25°C are reported for two ternary mixtures 2,2,4-trimethylpentane + methyltert-butyl ether +tert-amyl methyl ether and cyclohexane + methyltert-butyl ether +tert-amyl methyl ether. Smooth representations of the results are presented and used to construct constant-enthalpy contours on Roozeboom diagrams. Comparisons of the experimental results with estimates based on the Flory theory of mixtures are also described.