Alliance free and alliance cover sets

A defensive (offensive) k-alliance in Γ = (V,E) is a set S ⊆ V such that every υ in S (in the boundary of S) has at least k more neighbors in S than it has in V / S. A set X ⊆ V is defensive (offensive) k-alliance free, if for all defensive (offensive) k-alliance S, S/X ≠ ∅, i.e., X does not contain any defensive (offensive) k-alliance as a subset. A set Y ⊆ V is a defensive (offensive) k-alliance cover, if for all defensive (offensive) k-alliance S, S ∩ Y ≠ ∅, i.e., Y contains at least one vertex from each defensive (offensive) k-alliance of Γ. In this paper we show several mathematical properties of defensive (offensive) k-alliance free sets and defensive (offensive) k-alliance cover sets, including tight bounds on their cardinality.     

氨基化镁铝类水滑石修饰电极及电化学杀菌

以层间插入十二烷基磺酸钠的镁铝类水滑石（Mg/Al-SDS-HTLc）,与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）和3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（APS）缩合反应制备了氨基化镁铝类水滑石（Mg/Al-NH2-HTLc）。 然后以Mg/Al-NH2-HTLc修饰热解石墨电极,通过循环伏安法探讨了该电极对吸附在其表面的大肠杆菌的杀灭作用。 结果表明,被吸附的大肠杆菌在经过循环伏安扫描后死亡率达到98.68%,大肠杆菌的死亡可能是由于细胞膜中易氧化物质（如鸟嘌呤）被氧化所致。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析大肠杆菌代谢组中样品提取方法的比较

比较了基于液相色谱和串联质谱联用技术(LC-MS/MS)的Ecoli代谢组分析的5种不同样品提取方法.在对样品进行淬灭和洗涤后,分别使用冷甲醇法、热乙醇法、甲醇/氯仿法、热甲醇法和高氯酸法对样品平行提取3次,每个样品重复进样3次.结果显示,冷甲醇法所得到的相对提取率最高,且重复性好(RSD<5%).从相对提取率、重复性...     

纳米金标记抗体增强SPR检测大肠杆菌O157∶H7

将金纳米粒子(AuNPs)标记的大肠杆菌O157∶H7(E.coli O157∶H7)的多克隆抗体(PAb)作为二抗,采用氨基偶联法将PAb固定在传感器表面作为一抗,通过三明治方法用双通道表面等离子体子共振(SPR)传感器对E.coli O157∶H7进行检测,并与SPR直接法检测进行了比较.结果表明,直接法的检出限为103cfu/mL,线性范围为103～109cfu/mL;AuNPs增强三明治法的检出限为10 cfu/mL,线性范围为10～1010cfu/mL,灵敏度比直接法提高了100倍,且具有更宽的检测范围.本方法不仅检测时间短,而且具有良好的选择性和重现性.     

细胞内蛋白质磁共振

细胞内的环境异常复杂，其中生物大分子的浓度超过300 mg/mL并占据着大约30%的细胞内空间. 然而，直到目前为止大多数的蛋白质研究仍然在细胞外或是甚至非常稀的缓冲液中进行. 细胞内磁共振（In-cell NMR）提供了一个可以直接非损伤地获取细胞内原子水平信息的方法. 虽然In-cell NMR在近10年里有了较大的发展，但是这一技术尚未成熟. 在该篇综述中，作者首先总结制约这一技术发展的因素以及研究中需要注意的事项，最后讨论了未来的发展方向.     

Approximate wφ - Ωφ Relations in Quintessence Models

Quintessence field is a widely-studied candidate of dark energy. There is ＂tracker solution＂ in quintessence models, in which evolution of the field φ at present times is not sensitive to its initial conditions. When the energy density of dark energy is negleetable （Ωφ 〈〈 1）, evolution of the tracker solution can be well analysed from ＂tracker equation＂. In this paper, we try to study evolution of the quintessence field from ＂full tracker equation＂, which is valid for all spans of Ωφ. We get stable fixed points of we and wφ （noted as wφ and Ωφ） from the ＂full tracker equation＂, i.e., we and ωφ will always approach ωφ and Ωφ respectively. Since wφ and Ωφ are analytic functions of φ, analytic relation of φ can be obtained, which is a good approximation for the we φ relation and can be obtained for the most type of quintessence potentials. By using this approximation, we find that inequalities ωφ 〈 we and 〈ωφ are statisfied if the we （or ωφ） decreases with time. In this way, the potentiai U（φ） can be constrained directly from observations, by no need of solving the equations of motion numerically.     

Isolation of Hemicellulose from Wood Chips via Extraction with Kraft Green Liquor

<正>The present paper covers the extraction of hemicelluloses from woods,i.e.,Eucalyptus Globulus,white fir and Douglas fir via green liquor pretreatment and alkali post-treatment with sodium hydroxide.The effects of such extraction conditions as extraction time,temperature on the yields of hemicellulose and the degree of deliginification were investigated.Sugar analyses using Dionex indicate that xylose,glucose and mannose are the main sugar types present in the hemicellulose from Eucalyptus.Other sugar components such as arabinose and galactose were also found in Dogulas fir hemicellulose.The highest yield of hemicellulose was 8.4%for Eucalyptus extracted with green liquor at 130℃for 3.5 h.Further sodium hydroxide extraction for 5 h gave a hemicellulose yield of about 20%.The use of green liquor for the extraction of wood hemicellulose is believed to be the first attempt.     

A Comparative Study of fB within QCD Sum Rules with Two Typical Correlators up to Next-to-Leading Order

The B-meson decay constant f_B is an important component for studying the B-meson decays, which can be studied through QCD sum rules. We make a detailed discussion on f_B from two sum rules up to next-to-leading order, i.e. sum rules I and II, which are derived from the conventional correlator and the correlator with chiral currents respectively. It is found that these two sum rules are consistent with each other. The sum rules II involves less non-perturbative condensates as that of sum rules I, and in principle, it can be more accurate if we know the dimension-four gluon condensate well. It is found that f_B decreases with the increment of m_B, and to compare with the Belle experimental data on f_B, both sum rules I and II prefer smaller pole b-quarkmass, m_b=4.68±0.07 GeV. By varying all the input parameters within their reasonable regions and by adding all the uncertainties in quadrature, we obtain f_B=172^{+23}_{-25} MeV for sum rules I and f_B=214_{-34}^{+26} MeV for sum rules II.     

Symplectic eigenvector expansion theorem of a class of operator matrices arising from elasticity theory

This paper deals with the completeness of the eigenvector system of a class of operator matrices arising from elasticity theory, i.e., symplectic eigenvector expansion theorem. Under certain conditions, the symplectic orthogonality of eigenvectors of the operator matrix is demonstrated. Based on this, a necessary and sufficient condition for the completeness of the eigenvector system of the operator matrix is given. Furthermore, the obtained results are tested for the free vibration of rectangular thin plates.