Mn2O3纳米结构的简易合成与电化学性质

用简易的室温或水热方法制备出不同形貌的MnCO₃微结构。经600 ℃热处理后,室温制备MnCO₃转变成Mn₂O₃胶体片,而水热制备MnCO₃样品则形成多孔Mn₂O₃纳米结构。然而,室温制备MnCO₃经120 ℃热处理后形成Mn₂O₃晶相。制备样品经过XRD和SEM表征表明,热处理MnCO₃前驱物形成Mn₂O₃过程导致产物形貌与结构变化。其形成机理又通过TEM和FTIR进一步研究。Mn₂O₃纳米结构的电容性质通过循环伏安法表征,结果表明Mn₂O₃形貌与结构对其电容有重要影响。     

纺锤形β-FeOOH纳米结构和α-氧化铁亚微米/微米粒子的合成与转变

使用一种简易的无表面活性剂辅助的水热合成方法,在温度为140 ℃时实现了纺锤形β-FeOOH纳米结构向α-氧化铁亚微米/微米粒子的转变。研究表明,通过实验参数的简单调控,实现了单晶α-氧化铁亚微米粒子与β-FeOOH的纺锤形纳米结构和纳米棒的控制制备。基于实验结果,提出了该过程中的相转变机理。     

Dielectric properties of electrospun titanium compound/polymer composite nanofibres

Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)/tetrabutyl titanate (PVP/ [CH3(CH2)3O]4Ti) composite nanofibres are prepared by elec- trospinning. After calcining parts of composite nanofibres in air at 700 C, petal-like TiO2 nanostructures are obtained. The characterizations of composite nanofibres and TiO2 nanostructures are carried out by a scanning electron micro- scope, an x-ray diffractometer, and an infrared spectrometer. Electrospun nanofibres are pressed into pellets under different pressures in order to explore their dielectric properties. It is found that the dielectric constants decrease with frequency increasing. The dielectric constant of the composite nanofibre pellet increases whereas its dielectric loss tangent decreases due to the doped titanium ions compared with those of pure PVP nanofibre pellets. In addition, it is observed that the dielectric constant of the composite nanofibre pellet decreases with the increase of the pressure applied in pelletization.     

Preparation of Aligned Polymer Micro/Nanofibres by Electrospinning

Polymer micro/nanofibres are prepared by typical and modified methods of electrospinning. The morphologies and microstructures of the electrospun micro/nanofibres are characterized by a scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The micro/nanofibres prepared by the typical electrospinning are usually collected in the form of nonwoven mats lacking of structural orientation, However, by modifying collector（s） of the electrospinning setup, the resulting polymer fibres show aligned structures to some extent. We analyse all the forces that the fibres experienced during electrospinning and find that the electrostatic force originating from the splitting electric field plays a key role in the alignment of the micro/nanofibres.