空心结构NaYF4∶Yb,Er上转换材料的制备

以稀土三氟乙酸盐、氟化钠和三氟乙酸钠为原料通过溶剂热法成功制备出了空心结构的Na YF4∶Yb,Er上转换材料,探索了反应温度、钠离子浓度对产物形貌、晶相及发光性能的影响。利用扫描电镜,透射电镜,X射线衍射和发光光谱对产物的形貌、物相结构及荧光性能进行表征。结果表明,当Na F和Y3+的摩尔比为2.5,220℃溶剂热反应12 h时,可得到空心结构的上转换材料,该结构兼具上转换荧光、载药双重功能。     

Some properties for the largest component of random geometric graphs with applications in sensor networks

In this paper we consider the standard Poisson Boolean model of random geometric graphs G（Hλ,s; 1） in Rd and study the properties of the order of the largest component L1 （G（Hλ,s; 1）） . We prove that ElL1 （G（Hλ,s; 1））] is smooth with respect to A, and is derivable with respect to s. Also, we give the expression of these derivatives. These studies provide some new methods for the theory of the largest component of finite random geometric graphs （not asymptotic graphs as s - co） in the high dimensional space （d 〉 2）. Moreover, we investigate the convergence rate of E[L1（G（Hλ,s; 1））]. These results have significance for theory development of random geometric graphs and its practical application. Using our theories, we construct and solve a new optimal energy-efficient topology control model of wireless sensor networks, which has the significance of theoretical foundation and guidance for the design of network layout.     

PREDUAL SPACES FOR Q SPACES

To find the predual spaces Pα（R^n） of Qα（R^n） is an important motivation in the study of Q spaces. In this article, wavelet methods are used to solve this problem in a constructive way. First, an wavelet tent atomic characterization of Pα（Rn） is given, then its usual atomic characterization and Poisson extension characterization are given. Finally, the continuity on Pα of Calderon-Zygmund operators is studied, and the result can be also applied to give the Morrey characterization of Pα（Rn）.     

THE CARBUNCLE PHENOMENON IS INCURABLE

Numerical approximations of multi-dimensional shock waves sometimes ex- hibit an instability called the carbuncle phenomenon. Techniques for suppressing carbuncles are trial-and-error and lack in reliability and generality, partly because theoretical knowledge about carbuncles is equally unsatisfactory. It is not known which numerical schemes are affected in which circumstances, what causes carbuncles to appear and whether carbuncles are purely mimerical artifacts or rather features of a continuum equation or model. This article presents evidence towards the latter： we propose that carbuncles are a special class of entropy solutions which can be physically correct in some circumstances. Using ＂filaments＂, we trigger a single carbuncle in a new and more reliable way, and compute the structure in detail in similarity coordinates. We argue that carbuncles can, in some circumstances, be valid vanishing viscosity limits. Trying to suppress them is making a physical assumption that may be false.     

教师如何应对课堂中突发的错误

在课堂教学中,尤其是在解题、证题过程中,尽管教师备课非常充分,有时也会碰到学生与教师思路不一致,甚至教师有时自己也会出现错误．这时,倘若教师充耳不闻,我行我素,照自己的思路讲到底,无疑会使学生的兴趣骤减,挫伤他们的学习积极性,从而影响教学效果;倘若教师顺水推舟,按学生提出的思路讲授,就能点燃学生智慧的火花,收到意想不到的教学效果．因为,教师面对的是思想活跃以及思维习惯、知识基础、     

空间基向量在立体几何中的运用

向量在近代数学的众多领域中都有广泛的应用,特别是二维、三维的向量,它们既有代数的表现形式,可以进行代数运算,又有直观的几何意义,可以用有向线段表示,因而已成为研究中学几何问题的有效工具．在新课程的选修2-1中,将空间向量引入立体几何的教学,对传统的立体几何教学以及课程结构产生了很大的影响．     

多项式基函数法

提出一种新型的数值计算方法--基函数法.此方法直接在非结构网格上离散微分算子,采用基函数展开逼近真实函数,构造出了导数的中心格式和迎风格式,取二阶多项式为基函数,并采用通量分裂法及中心格式和迎风格式相结合的技术以消除激波附近的非物理波动,构造出数值求解无粘可压缩流动二阶多项式的基函数格式,通过多个二维无粘超音速和跨音速可压缩流动典型算例的数值计算表明,该方法是一种高精度的、对激波具有高分辨率的无波动新型数值计算方法,与网格自适应技术相结合可得到十分满意的结果.     

基于Hamilton路模型的蛋白质结构预测的研究

提出一种基于Hamilton路模型的新方法研究蛋白质结构预测问题,为使结构匹配序列,把已知蛋白质的3D结构信息转化为一个加权的完全图Kn,则求这个特定空间结构所匹配的氨基酸残基序列问题转化为求Kn图的最小H路问题.用此方法研究了72个单链蛋白质结构,结果表明Kn图的最小H路对应此蛋白质的序列,图的顶点数n与最小H路总长度成正比.     

Sub-cover-avoidance Properties and the Structure of Finite Groups

A subgroup H of a group G is said to have the sub-cover-avoidance property in G ffthereis a chief series 1 = G0 ≤ G1 ≤…≤ Gn - G, such that Gi-1（H ∩ Gi） G for every i = 1,2,... ,l. In this paper, we give some characteristic conditions for a group to be solvable under the assumptions that some subgroups of a group satisfy the sub-cover-avoidance property.     

一类全系数模糊线性规划的求解方法

利用结构元方法定义一种模糊数排序准则,提出将目标函数和约束条件中都含有三角模糊数的全系数模糊线性规划等价转化为经典线性规划的方法,并证明其合理性.与其它方法相比较,该方法证明了得到的解优于已有其它方法的解,并且约束条件少,运算方法简便.将本文的方法运用到数值算例中,进一步表明了提出方法的有效性和广泛性.