Sensitivity of non-autonomous discrete dynamical systems

In this paper, the sensitivity for non-autonomous discrete systems is investigated. First of all, two sufficient conditions of sensitivity for general non-autonomous dynamical systems are presented. At the same time, one stronger form of sensitivity, that is, cofinite sensitivity, is introduced for non-autonomous systems. Two sufficient conditions of cofinite sensitivity for general non-autonomous dynamical systems are presented. We generalized the result of sensitivity and strong sensitivity for autonomous discrete systems to general non-autonomous discrete systems, and the conditions in this paper are weaker than the correlated conditions of autonomous discrete systems.     

Sequential design for achieving estimated accuracy of global sensitivities

Global sensitivity analysis provides information on the relative importance of the input variables for simulator functions used in computer experiments. It is more conclusive than screening methods for determining if a variable is influential, especially if a variable's influence is derived from its interactions with other variables. In this paper, we develop a method for providing global sensitivities with estimated accuracy. A treed Gaussian process serves as a statistical emulator of the black box function. A sequential experimental design makes effective and efficient use of simulator evaluations by adaptively sampling points that are expected to provide the maximum improvement to the emulator model. The method accounts for both sampling error and emulator error. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Recent developments in chiral analysis of β‐blocker drugs by capillary electromigration techniques

The latest developments in chiral analysis of β‐blocker drugs by capillary electromigration techniques are reviewed in this article. Following the previous review by Aturki et al. [Electrophoresis 2011, 32, 2602–2628], this review includes the papers published during the period from January 2011 to December 2013. During this time, some novel chiral selectors were reported and applied to improve the enantioseparation of β‐blocker drugs and structurally related compounds. These chiral selectors include CDs and their derivatives, macrocyclic antibiotics, tartrate complexs, the monolithic molecularly imprinted polymer, and the polymeric surfactants. In addition, this article summarizes the methodological improvements for enhancing sensitivity in chiral analysis of β‐blockers and structurally related compounds by CE. The involved authors described the use of online sample preconcentration techniques to increase the detection sensitivity in the enantiomeric analysis of a broad range of samples.     

基于线抽样的可靠性灵敏度分析方法

提出了一种基于线抽样的可靠性灵敏度分析方法.线抽样可靠性分析中,结构失效概率Pf是由每个抽样样本对应的失效概率Pfj的算术平均值来计算的,由此可知Pf对基本变量分布参数θ的灵敏度(э)Pf/(э)θ可以表示为Pfj对θ的偏导数(э)Pfj/(э)θ的算术平均值,而(э)Pfj/(э)θ则可以很容易地由Pfj与基本变量分布参数θ的解析关系求得. (э)Pfj/(э)θ和(э)Pf/(э)θ的计算公式被详细推导.可靠性灵敏度分析的线抽样方法继承了线抽样法的优点,诸如精度高,收敛快且适用于高维及多模式情况等.这些优点由算例证实.     

缺口件表象疲劳极限的定量化分析

测定了淬火、高温回火35CrMo钢光滑试样和三种缺口试样的三点弯曲疲劳极限,并利用ANSYS有限元软件计算了缺口试样加载时缺口截面上的应力分布.用“疲劳源形成的微细观过程理论”对试验结果进行了分析,认为,疲劳源的形成虽然发生在个别薄弱晶粒内部,是其中位错往返运动及交互作用的结果,但还必须满足一定的形变协调条件和概率条件,因而必须形成由相当多晶粒组成的“细观屈服区”.对试验结果的分析表明,如取“细观屈服区”临界尺寸(xW)等于11个奥氏体晶粒平均直径,则计算得到的缺口试样的表象疲劳极限,与实测值相比,其综合误差最小.据此计算的三种缺口试样的表象疲劳极限,其误差都小于5％.该xW可认为是材料的特征参量.     

振型一阶导数的高精度截尾模态展开法

模态展开法是计算振型一阶导数的常用方法,然而,当高阶模态被截断时,它不能给出精确解,甚至会产生很大的截断误差。本文研究被截断的高阶模态对振型导数贡献的定量计算问题,证明了被截断模态的贡献可以用已知的低阶模态和系统矩阵来显式表达,给出了计算方法,并用数值例子说明了本文方法的有效性和正确性。     

动载荷下含空气泡的TNT装药安全性能的实验研究

本文采用自行设计加工的应力发生器装置,对被试验炸药施加上升时间为1030ms的压力加载;应用数理统计的方法(试验设计的正交法和感度试验的上下法),实验研究了含有各种空气泡的压装TNT在此压力加载下的安全性规律,并由此外推得到了不含空气泡的压装TNT在此压力加载下的安全性能。     

Recent progress on finite element model updating: From linearity to nonlinearity

有限元分析在实际工程中得到了广泛应用.然而有限元模型由于受到网格划分、边界条件和材料物理参数不确定性等的影响,与真实结构有差异. 因此须通过试验数据加以修正,使其尽可能接近实际结构,以保证之后的结构动力模拟分析和监测等具有实际意义. 经过多年发展,有限元模型修正技术已经能够成功应用于一些实际工程,但现代工程技术的进步对有限元模型修正提出了更高要求,修正后的有限元模型不仅要有较高的精确度,还需要为后续应用给出具有指导意义的置信度.而现有的有限元模型修正、确认方法多基于结构线性的假设,而未能考虑实际结构中广泛存在的非线性.因此本文以土木工程结构模型修正的一些研究成果为例,通过对传统有限元模型修正的发展历程进行全面回顾;总结评述传统有限元修正技术的主要方法,以及包括有限元模型确认在内的最新研究进展;重点探讨有限元模型修正技术向非线性发展的技术路线和目前主要研究成果,展望其未来发展方向, 并提出值得研究的问题.     

金阴极微通道板探测器X射线段的能谱响应

 利用表面镀金阴极膜的微通道板(MCP)构成一种金阴极MCP光电探测器,根据MCP的电阻电容特性提出了一种特殊的能谱响应测量方法。在北京同步辐射3B3中能束线上对该探测器在2.1～6.0 keV能段的谱响应进行了实验标定。以美国NIST绝对定标的美国IRD公司生产的AXUV-100硅光二极管为次级标准探测器,标定金膜厚度分别为25和100 nm的金阴极MCP探测器的能谱响应。经分析发现,阴极材料和MCP材料的元素吸收边是造成量子效率曲线出现突变点的原因。对比两种MCP的能谱响应标定结果,金膜厚度为100 nm探测器的能谱响应高于金膜厚度为25 nm的探测器。     

大口径光学离轴平行光管研究——主反镜结构及光学检测

在长焦距大口径平行光管的应用中,平行光管物镜的定位精度以及在装调过程中高灵敏度的调试环节十分重要.介绍大口径离轴光学平行光管主镜结构及其检测方法,给出3种不同口径下的光学系统的装调方法,详细分析 700 mm的平行光管的主镜结构及精调装置,并利用4D干涉仪来检测装调装置对面形的影响.结果表明,该装调装置为自由移动装置,...