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991.
粗骨料作为混凝土材料组成最主要的部分,对混凝土力学性能和破坏模式有着很重要的影响。为了研究粗骨料平均粒径对混凝土动态力学性能的影响规律,针对不同平均粗骨料平均粒径(6、12、24 mm)的混凝土和砂浆材料进行了一系列SHPB试验,得到了不同应变率下各试件的应力-应变曲线,并对每种材料的动态增长因子(dynamic increase factor,DIF)与应变率的对数进行了线性拟合。结果表明:砂浆和混凝土材料的抗压强度具有明显的应变率效应,其动态抗压强度随着应变率的增加而逐渐增大,应力-应变曲线呈现相似的变化趋势;在相同的动态应变率条件下,平均粗骨料粒径为12 mm的混凝土的动态抗压强度最大,这与准静态条件下砂浆抗压强度最大截然不同;不同粗骨料粒径混凝土材料的应变率强化系数均大于砂浆材料,且随着粗骨料无量纲尺寸的增大,混凝土材料的应变率强化因子呈现先增大后减小的趋势。 相似文献
992.
Quasi-static shear–compression tests were conducted on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymer specimens using a universal materials testing machine to investigate their failure behaviour under quasi-static multi-axial loading. Instead of using confining pressure, cylindrical specimens with bevelled ends of different angles (5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25° and 30°) were used to generate different shear stresses. In addition, a cylindrical specimen with no bevelled ends and a hat specimen of PMMA were applied in the quasi-static shear–compression tests to determine the compression and shear strengths of PMMA, respectively. Experimental results show that the failure force of PMMA decreased as the tilt angle of the specimen increased. Furthermore, the failure locus of the material can be predicted using a macroscopic failure criterion with an elliptical shape. The deformation modes of each type of PMMA specimen under quasi-static loading were determined. 相似文献
993.
Alexandr Gre
enko 《Journal of Terramechanics》2007,44(1):123-131
Dr. Bekker’s first book Theory of land locomotion offers in fact two different concepts of thrust generation on soft ground with respect to the slip: (a) as the push of grousers causing horizontal soil “distortion” and (b) as the shear force in the failure plane linked with the shear deformation. Bekker preferred the second concept and backed it up by the unique shear-ring measuring technique. To clear up the matter, the author decided to re-examine the thrust generation by a track plate experimentally in field conditions. The tests have shown that the initial stage of thrust generation in compressible ground is always horizontal soil compression by grousers, which divides the soil under a track into separate blocks initially at rest. This compression increases at least to the transition point, when a block is sheared off simultaneously at the bottom and in both lateral planes and starts sliding along the channel formed by the preceding grouser. The analysis of these measurements enabled to define the compressive displacement of the face of the soil block (travel of the grouser) appurtenant to the mentioned transition point, useful to define the thrust–slip curve. The case may also be described by the conventional shear stress–shear displacement relationship, imagined to take place in the bottom failure plane, however, namely the “shear displacement” is rather an unusual quantity. 相似文献
994.
The isotope effect of gaseous hydrogen under shock compression 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The shock compression method has been used to measure the Hugoniot data and shock temperature for gaseous hydrogen samples, covering the pressure range of 55-140 MPa and the temperature range of 3400-4500 K and with the initial conditions of P
0 = 0.6 MPa, 1.2 MPa and T
0 at room temperature. Spectral radiance histories emitted from shocked D
2 and H
2 + D
2 (equimolar mixture) are monitored by a pyrometer system with seven wavelength channels. Theoretical calculations based on the Saha model with Debye-Hückel correction for the shock compression behavior of shocked gaseous samples are in good agreement with the measured Hugoniot data, but show slightly higher values for the shock temperature when comparing with experiments. An isotope effect relevant to these shocked hydrogen species has been found in the linear shock velocity vs particle velocity relation, in which the correlation factor between these hydrogen isotopes or hydrogen mixtures is simply of initial density dependence.Received: 8 December 2002, Accepted: 8 May 2003, Published online: 2 September 2003PACS:
62.50 + p, 31.30.GS, 51.90. + r 相似文献
995.
A family of epoxy-based polymeric foams with various initial porosity levels was subjected to quasi-static uniaxial loading
in rigid confinement (uniaxial strain) to investigate their crushability characteristics. Two issues were investigated. The
first issue was the uniformity of deformation in a specimen as a function of porosity level by creating a grid of equally
spaced thin stripes on the surface and by monitoring their pattern during the experiment. It was found that the higher the
porosity of foam, the more non-uniform the deformation in the specimen. However, the localized non-uniform deformation did
not affect the global stress-strain response, especially at large deformations. The second issue was the development of a
new analysis tool, called “crushability map”. The purpose of the tool is to depict the evolution of porosity, bulk density
and energy absorption as functions of applied strain, stress, and porosity. These maps can assist in characterizing the residual
crushability or energy absorption capability of foams as a function of residual porosity. The maps can be used as a design
tool for selection of suitable foams for a given application in conjunction with various design criteria. 相似文献
996.
Results from a series of experiments on three different titanium alloys, under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions are presented. The Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloys include the ELI version and two with higher oxygen contents. The strain-rates are varied from 10−6 to 3378 s−1 while observations are made at temperatures from 233 to 755 K. The alloys initial and deformed photomicrographs and various deformation mechanisms responsible for the induced plastic deformation, are presented and discussed. Differences in the responses of these alloys are observed in terms of thermal softening, work hardening, and strain-rate and temperature sensitivities. The Khan–Huang–Liang (KHL) model is used to effectively simulate the observed responses obtained from these experiments. The model, with the constants determined from these experiments, is then used to predict strain-rate jump experimental results, and also high temperature dynamic experiments for one of the alloys; the predictions are found to be very close to the observations. 相似文献
997.
本文采用激光显微像面全息和散斑照像分离技术检测了双缺口试件在不同压缩应力条件下缺口根部塑性区的形状及大小,并采用有限元分析法计算了相同应力下的塑性区和裂端应力场.结果表明:用显微像面全息法测量塑性区的大小及形状简单易行,且有比较满意的工程精度. 对在不同压缩循环加载条件下测得的瘦劳裂纹止裂长度与所测压缩塑性区相比较表明:疲劳裂纹止裂长度和塑性区大小之间不存在简单的对应关系.止裂长度主要由缺口根部在循环压缩卸载过程中所产生的拉伸应力区控制. 相似文献
998.
岩石细观损伤破坏的观测研究 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
利用扫描电镜( S E M ),对香港白岗岩等岩样在单轴压缩状态下,进行细观结构(μm 尺度)观察,研究其微损伤的萌生、扩展、连接直至破坏的行为,分析了白岗岩等岩石的细观破坏机制及其与宏观力学行为的关系,得到了一些重要的感性认识和若干观察记录.为认识岩爆发生的机理及复杂应力状态下岩石损伤破坏的理论分析提供了实验依据 相似文献
999.
G. V. Filatov 《International Applied Mechanics》2005,41(8):917-923
The paper is concerned with the mass optimization of a smooth cylindrical shell subjected to short-term aperiodic loads in
the form of axial compression pulses. The optimization method chosen is random search with controlled limits of optimized
parameters. The effect of the pulse duration and the load level on the optimal design is analyzed. The results obtained by
two methods are compared
__________
Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 41, No. 8, pp. 97–104, August 2005. 相似文献
1000.