Strongly nonlinear convection in binary fluids: minimal model using symmetry decomposed modes

Spatially extended stationary and traveling states in the strongly nonlinear regime of convection in layers of binary fluid mixtures heated from below are described by a few-mode-model. It is derived from the proper hydrodynamic balance equations including experimentally relevant boundary conditions with a non-standard Galerkin approximation that uses numerically obtained, symmetry decomposed modes. Properties of the model are elucidated and compared with full numerical solutions of the field equations.     

Limiter Biasing Experiments on the Tokamak ISTTOK

The influence of the polarization of a localized limiter on the global and edge parameters is described. In particular, the effect of varying the limiter position and the bias voltage is investigated. Improvement in confinement has been obtained for both positive and negative limiter bias as a result of the creation of large radial electric fields in the region just inside the fixed limiter. Furthermore, it has been observed that the modification in the floating potential due to limiter biasing is proportional to the collected current.     

Friedrich Ludwig Wachter,ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der nichteuklidischen Geometrie

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Oxidation State Specific Generation of Arsines from Methylated Arsenicals Based on L- Cysteine Treatment in Buffered Media for Speciation Analysis by Hydride Generation - Automated Cryotrapping - Gas Chromatography-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry with the Multiatomizer

An automated system for hydride generation - cryotrapping- gas chromatography - atomic absorption spectrometry with the multiatomizer is described. Arsines are preconcentrated and separated in a Chromosorb filled U-tube. An automated cryotrapping unit, employing nitrogen gas formed upon heating in the detection phase for the displacement of the cooling liquid nitrogen, has been developed. The conditions for separation of arsines in a Chromosorb filled U-tube have been optimized. A complete separation of signals from arsine, methylarsine, dimethylarsine, and trimethylarsine has been achieved within a 60 s reading window. The limits of detection for methylated arsenicals tested were 4 ng l(-1). Selective hydride generation is applied for the oxidation state specific speciation analysis of inorganic and methylated arsenicals. The arsines are generated either exclusively from trivalent or from both tri- and pentavalent inorganic and methylated arsenicals depending on the presence of L-cysteine as a prereductant and/or reaction modifier. A TRIS buffer reaction medium is proposed to overcome narrow optimum concentration range observed for the L-cysteine modified reaction in HCl medium. The system provides uniform peak area sensitivity for all As species. Consequently, the calibration with a single form of As is possible. This method permits a high-throughput speciation analysis of metabolites of inorganic arsenic in relatively complex biological matrices such as cell culture systems without sample pretreatment, thus preserving the distribution of tri- and pentavalent species.     

Über einen weiteren synthetischen Versuch in der Gentisinreihe

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

19飞秒激光脉冲的产生与测量

本文介绍产生19飞秒激光脉冲的被动锁模四棱镜补偿群速度分散的环型染料激光器的特点;讨论了二次谐波强度自相关法和二次谐波干涉自相关法。用该激光器产生的超短而高稳定的光源对同步扫描条纹相管作了评价。     

Affine frames, quasi-affine frames, and their duals

The notion of quasi-affine frame was recently introduced by Ron and Shen [9] in order to achieve shift-invariance of the discrete wavelet transform. In this paper, we establish a duality-preservation theorem for quasi-affine frames. Furthermore, the preservation of frame bounds when changing an affine frame to a quasi-affine frame is shown to hold without the decay assumptions in [9]. Our consideration leads naturally to the study of certain sesquilinear operators which are defined by two affine systems. The translation-invariance of such operators is characterized in terms of certain intrinsic properties of the two affine systems. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Rapidity distributions and energy densities from hydrodynamical studies at 5–200 GeV/n

3+1 dimensional relativistic calculations of the space-time evolution of heavy ion collisions at bombarding energies from 5 to 200 GeV/n are presented. Collisions with heavier projectiles seem to be more rewarding to form extended regimes of highly excited nuclear matter containing enough baryons for a sufficient time span to enable a transition of the hadron matter into a quark gluon plasma. A strong impact parameter dependence has to be taken into account when comparing the final baryon rapidity distributions with experimental results. Experimental results of the reactions¹⁶O(60, 200 GeV/n)→Pb are compared with hydrodynamical calculations.