基于流函数模型的矢量海流生成方法

提出了一种基于海洋流函数模型的双站高频地波雷达径向流生成矢量流算法.该算法避免了传统矢量合成法将径向流进行插值带来的误差,而且符合海洋动力学原理,生成的流场更接近实际分布.通过计算机仿真发现,流函数算法的容错、容差能力比矢量合成法更强.在径向流探测标准误差为10 cm.s-1时,新算法反演结果的均方根误差减小了约5 cm.s-1.应用到雷达实测数据中,与海流计实测结果比较表明,新算法比传统算法的平均误差减小了2 cm.s-1.     

天然高分子表面活性剂

综述了淀粉、纤维素和壳聚糖类表面活性剂的合成方法、性质及功能。     

Inner Surface Modification of a Tube by Magnetic Glow-Arc Plasma Source Ion Implantation

A new method named the magnetic glow-arc plasma source ion implantation （MGA-PSⅡ） is proposed for inner surface modification of tubes. In MGA-PSⅡ, under the control of an axial magnetic field, which is generated by an electric coil around the tube sample, glow arc plasma moves spirally into the tube from its two ends. A negative voltage applied on the tube realized its inner surface implantation. Titanium nitride （TIN） films are prepared on the inner surface of a stainless steel tube in diameter 90mm and length 600mm. Hardness tests show that the hardness at the tube centre is up to 20 GPa. XRD, XPS and AES analyses demonstrate that good quality of TiN films can be achieved.     

Behaviour of Self-Standing CVD Diamond Film with Different Dominant Crystalline Surfaces in Thermal-Iron Plate Polishing

Self-standing CVD diamond films with different dominant crystalline surfaces are polished by the thermal-iron plate polishing method. The influence of the dominant crystalline surfaces on polishing etfficiency is investigated by measuring the removal rate and final roughness. The smallest rms roughness of 0.14 μm is measured with smallest removal rate in the films with the initial （220） dominant crystalline surface. Activation energy for the polishing is analysed by the Arrhenius relation. It is found that the values are 170kJ/mol, 222kJ/mol and 214kJ/mol for the film with three different dominant crystalline surfaces. Based on these values, the polishing cause is regarded as the graphitization-controlling process. In the experiment, we find that transformation of the dominant crystalline surfaces from （111） to （220） always appears in the polishing process when we polish the （111） dominant surface.     

入射光斜入射光栅表面的衍射方程

当入射光垂直入射于光栅表面时,由于光栅衍射,产生衍射图样,其亮条纹的位置由 dsinψ=mλ m=0,±1,±2,… 决定,式中d为光栅常量,ψ为衍射角,λ为波长.当入射光为复合光时,除零级外,不同波长的同一级亮线不重合,波长大的衍射角大,波长小的衍射角小.如果入射光是斜入射于光栅表面,那么相应的光栅公式将发生变化.下面就斜入射情况下的光栅公式进行讨论.     

Nitrogen Adatom Diffusion on a Ga－Rich GaN （0001） Surface

The diffusion of N adatoms on a Ga-rich GaN(O001) surface has been studied using density-functional theory.The configuration of Ga adatoms on a Ga-rich GaN surface has been identified. The first adlayer Ga adatoms are on top of the terminating substrate Ga atoms, and the outmost adlayer Ga adatoms exist randomly at the T4 or H3 sites. A very different diffusivity of N adatoms on a Ga-rich GaN(0001) surface has been found. The excess Ga adatoms on a GaN(0001) surface reduce the diffusion barrier by 0.75eV and influence the migration path. It seems that bilayer Ga adatoms are helpful for N atom diffusion.     

离子束注入对聚四氟乙烯表面改性研究

在剂量为1×1014～1×1017 ions/cm2的范围内,用能量为160 keV氮离子对PTFE表面进行注入处理,处理后的样品用可见(514.5nm)和傅立叶红外(1064 nm)喇曼(Raman)光谱以及扫描电镜进行检测.结果表明低剂量注入可导致弱C-C键的断裂,中等剂量时溅射损失效应明显,高剂量注入时微观结构强烈地变化并生成C=C双键.     

亚甲蓝分光光度法测定水体中的阴离子表面活性剂

利用三氯甲烷萃取水体样品中的阴离子表面活性剂，用50mL比色管代替50mL容量瓶对三氯甲烷萃取液进行定容，以亚甲蓝分光光度法进行测定。该方法操作简便，测定阴离子表面活性剂的线性范围为0．150～1．70mg／L，检出限为0．050mg／L，样品加标回收率为89％～98％。     

PbTe(001)表面原子几何结构和电子结构的第一性原理计算

用第一性原理的密度泛函理论计算了PbTe（001）表面的几何结构和电子结构.计算结果表明：PbTe（001）表面不发生重构，但表面几层原子表现出明显的振荡弛豫现象，其中第一、第二层间距减小4.5%，第二、第三层间距增加2.0%，并且表面层原子出现褶皱.表面带隙在X 点，带隙变宽，在基本带隙中不引入新的表面态，而导带底和价带顶附近等多处出现新的表 面共振态；弛豫后费米面处态密度很低，所以表面结构很稳定. 关键词： 密度泛函理论 表面几何结构 表面电子结构 PbTe     

连续表面微透镜列阵元件检测

系统分析了连续表面微透镜列阵的几何参量和光学性能的检测方法和评价标准,针对典型的折射型聚焦列阵元件,给出其结构尺寸及光学性能的测试结果,两者结果一致.从而建立了一套通过测试元件的几何参量、加工误差及光学性能指标来综合评估微光学元件性能的方法.