杂双子咪唑表面活性剂的合成及其表面性能

合成了一系列以两个亚甲基为联接基的杂双子咪唑表面活性剂([C_m-2-C_nim]Br_{2, m, n}=8, 10, 12, 14, 16; m≠n). 用氢谱和质谱对其结构进行了表征. 探索了物料比、反应温度和时间对反应产率的影响. 对合成的杂双子咪唑表面活性剂的表面活性进行了研究,讨论了分子结构的不对称程度对表面活性的影响.     

工艺条件对酸性大豆蛋白固体饮料品质的影响

对影响酸性大豆蛋白固体饮料品质的因素进行了研究,并优化了酸性大豆蛋白固体饮料制备的工艺条件,研究发现最佳制备工艺条件为大豆蛋白与大豆多糖添加质量比为1∶0.22、干燥前调节混合液p H值为7.0、先混和大豆多糖和麦芽糊精再与大豆蛋白混合、喷雾干燥并取收集桶中样品,在此条件下制备的新型大豆蛋白固体饮料溶解性较好,且调制成的酸性大豆蛋白液体饮料的沉淀率较低,仅为0.95%。     

有机钾盐催化剂在流化床煤催化气化工艺条件研究

采用等体积浸渍法制备出有机钾盐催化剂,在流化床试验装置上具有较高的煤催化气化性能。进行气化温度、压力、初始煤水质量比和载气流速等工艺条件试验,以煤炭转变为的气相产物转化率和甲烷产率(累积生成量)作为两个主要考察指标。通过试验得出煤气化反应条件对催化剂性能具有显著的影响,在流化床装置上优选工艺条件范围是温度700～800℃、压力2.5～3.0MPa、初始煤水质量比4.0～5.0g/g/min、载气流速1.8～2.0L/min。     

氨缓冲体系电子级四氧化三锰的制备

利用软锰矿、氨水等为原料,空气为氧化剂,通过共沉淀法在氨缓冲体系下制备电子级四氧化三锰。考察氨锰比、溶液滴加速率、空气流量等工艺条件对电子级四氧化三锰粒径、形貌、比重、振实密度等指标的影响。研究表明:在一定的条件下,Mn~(2+)的浓度为80g/L,氨水的浓度在4.85%～6.06%,硫酸锰滴加速度3.7 mL/min,氨水滴加速度为5.5 mL/min,空气流量为0.6～1.2 L/min时,制备符合电子级应用的Mn_3O_4。氨缓冲体系提高溶液的稳定性,有效增加溶液中氢氧化锰的生成,抑制碱式硫酸锰的形成,提高Mn_3O_4产量。     

Analysis of detection limit to time-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering nanoscopy

In the implementation of CARS nanoscopy, signal strength decreases with focal volume size decreasing. A crucial problem that remains to be solved is whether the reduced signal generated in the suppressed focal volume can be detected. Here reported is a theoretical analysis of detection limit （DL） to time-resolved CARS （T-CARS） nanoscopy based on our proposed additional probe-beam-induced phonon depletion （APIPD） method for the low concentration samples. In order to acquire a detailed shot-noise limited signal-to-noise （SNR） and the involved parameters to evaluate DL, the T-CARS process is described with full quantum theory to estimate the extreme power density levels of the pump and Stokes beams determined by saturation behavior of coherent phonons, which are both actually on the order of ~ 109 W/cm2. When the pump and Stokes intensities reach such values and the total intensity of the excitation beams arrives at a maximum tolerable by most biological samples in a certain suppressed focal volume （40-nm suppressed focal scale in APIPD method）, the DL correspondingly varies with exposure time, for example, DL values are 103 and 102 when exposure times are 20 ms and 200 ms respectively.     

Investigation of strain effect on the hole mobility in GOI tri-gate pFETs including quantum confinement

The strain impact on hole mobility in the GOI tri-gate pFETs is investigated by simulating the strained Ge with quantum confinement from band structure to electro-static distribution as well as the effective mobility. Lattice mismatch strain induced by HfO2 warps and reshapes the valence subbands, and reduces the hole effective masses. The maximum value of hole density is observed near the top comers of the channel. The hole density is decreased by the lattice mismatch strain. The phonon scattering rate is degraded by strain, which results in higher hole mobility.     

In-situ EXAFS study on the thermal decomposition of TiH_2

Thermal decomposition behaviors of TiH_2 powder under a flowing helium atmosphere and in a low vacuum condition have been studied using an in situ EXAFS technique.By an EXAFS analysis containing the multiple scattering paths including H atoms,the changes of the hydrogen stoichiometric ratio and the phase transformation sequence are obtained.The results demonstrate that the initial decomposition temperature is dependent on experimental conditions,which occurs,respectively,at about 300 and 400℃ in a low vacuum condition and under a flowing helium atmosphere.During the decomposition process of TiH_2 in a low vacuum condition,the sample experiences a phase change process:δ(TiH_2)→δ(TiH_x)→δ(TiH_1)+β(TiH_x)→δ(TiH_x)+β(TiH_x)+α(Ti)→β(TiH_x)+α(Ti)→α(Ti)+β(Ti).This study offers a way to detect the structural information of hydrogen.A detailed discussion about the decomposition process of TiH_2 is given in this paper.     

物理所氧化亚铜新能源材料研究获进展

<正>氧化亚铜(Cu2O)是一种性能优异的半导体材料,它具有2.1 e V(590 nm)的直接帯隙以及很高的可见光吸收系数,再加上它具有无毒、低价、原料丰富等优点,已成为太阳能转化与利用研究领域的重要材料。理论预计基于Cu2O的太阳能电池效率可达20%,通过掺杂引入合适的中间带(intermediate band)后,其光电     

基于阿贝正弦条件的光子等频图和能带结构测试系统

通过结合电磁波在周期性纳米材料中的传播特性以及阿贝完备成像理论中的阿贝正弦条件,提出了一种快速测试光子等频图和能带结构的测试技术和光学检测系统。将无限筒长显微物镜作为一种把波矢空间直接转换到实空间的变换器件,并通过配备二维面阵CCD的光栅光谱仪实现了对周期性纳米材料的等频图和能带结构的一次性拍照,真正实现了方便、快速和无损的探测技术。利用自行搭建的测试系统对用自组装方法制备的二维周期性纳米材料进行了相关光学测试,通过实验测试结果和相关理论计算的对比验证了系统的可行性和可靠性,从而说明该光学系统在研究周期性纳米材料的光学特性方面具有一定的优势。     

基于CO_2吸收增强气化的氨电联产操作条件分析

本文以煤和低浓度煤层气为原料,采用CO_2吸收增强气化,在造气工段制得φ(H_2)/φ(N_2)=3、φ(CO_2+CO)≤0.30%的粗煤气,直接进入气体精制岗位,并取消常规制气的补氮过程或替代空气气化;采用单元建模和流程模拟的方法对系统可行性和适宜操作条件进行分析;预报煤和煤层气共气化的产物分布,提出满足精制岗位进口气体品质要求的制气温度、压力、水煤比、钙煤比和煤气流量等参数;分析循环倍率对合成氨产量、系统净输出功等参数的影响,得到实现系统能量自平衡、且合成氨能耗最低的循环倍率。理论分析表明,该流程可用于合成气制备及氨电联产。