Van der Waals状态方程可压缩多流体流动的PPM方法

基于流体体积分数的混合型多流体数值模型，将Piecewise Parabolic Method（PPM）方法应用于可压缩多流体流动的数值模拟，采用双波近似求解多流体van der Waals状态方程的Riemann问题．模拟高密度比且含有激波的可压缩多流体流动，典型的纯界面平移问题模拟结果表明，在接触间断的界面附近，压力和速度没有任何的振荡且界面数值耗散都被控制在2—3个网格之内；一维和二维算例表明，该数值方法可以有效地处理接触间断、激波和多维滑移线等物理问题，并能够比其它多流体数值方法更精细地模拟多流体交界面．     

含相变微粒流体热对流启动的Galerkin解

采用Bubnov-Galerkin方法对有恒壁温条件下,两平板间夹有含相变颗粒流体的自然对流热启动瑞利数进行了近似解析求解,求出了临界瑞利数Racr和波频数kcr随相变物质浓度,以及在相变温度范围内随加热表面温度的解析关系表达式.从而,为实现该类功能性潜热流体的自然对流传热强化,及其优化控制蓄热过程有理论指导意义.     

Convection-Dominated Accretion Flows with Radiative Cooling

By numerically solving the set of basic equations describing black hole accretion flows with low accretion rates, we show that although the dynamical structure of these flows is essentially unaffected by radiative processes in comparison with the case in which the radiation is not considered, the radiative cooling can be more important than the advective cooling in the flow＇s convection-dominated zone, and this result may have implications to distinguish observationally convection-dominated accretion flows from advection-dominated accretion flows.     

Superfluid-Mott-Insulator Phase Transition Phases of Bosons in an and Collective Fluctuations in both Optical Lattice

The Bose Hubbard model describing interacting bosons in an optical lattice is reduced to a simple spin-1 XY model with single-ion anisotropy in the vicinity of the Mott phase. In the strong coupling Mott insulating regime, we propose a mean t~eld theory based on a constraint SU（3） pseudo-boson representation on the effective model and discuss the excitation spectra and the phase transition to the superfluid state. Further to the superfluid phase, we use the coherent-state approach to derive the collective excitation modes. It is found that the Mort phase has two degenerate gapped quadratic excitation spectra which graduate into two degenerate gapless linear ones at the transition point, and one gapless linear mode with one gapped quadratic mode in the superfluid phase.     

Vapour-to-Liquid Nucleation in Associating Lennard-Jones Fluids with Multiple Association Sites

The excess Helmholtz free energy functional for associating Lennard-Jones （L J） fluid is formulated in terms of a weighted density approximation for short-ranged interactions and a Weeks-Chandler-Andersen approximation for long-range attraction. Within the framework of density functional theory, phase equilibria, vapour-liquid surface tension and vapour-liquid nucleation properties including the density profile, work of formation, excess number of particles and critical supersaturation are investigated for associating LJ fluids with different numbers of association sites （M =1,2, 3, 4） per particle. The influences of association energy and association sites on phase equilibria, surface tension and vapour-liquid nucleation properties are discussed.     

Cr原子气的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚——量子铁磁流体

具有电偶极矩或磁偶极矩的原子（或分子）气，在逼近绝对零度的降温过程中，可能发生对称破缺的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚（BEC）．最近，来自德国斯图加特大学物理研究所的Lahaye等，对^52Cr原子气首次实现了伴有强偶极相互作用的BEC．^52Cr原子气的各向同性BEC，已于2005年被实现（A．Griesmaier et al．Phys．Rev．Lett．2005，94：160401），Lahaye等的创新之处在于：通过Feshbach共振，减弱原子间通常的接触相互作用，以至于^52Cr原子间的各向异性磁偶极相互作用相对于前者大大增强．     

植物导水模型初探

目前世界上对于植物长距离水分运输的微观机理假说存在争论。据此本文初步讨论了植物的导水模型。从流体力学角度讨论了水分在植物体内的运动状态,得出导管中的水分流动是在层流的状态下进行,且必须考虑粘性的作用;通过分析流体的层流运动,建立了导管中一维的流体模型,并简化导管以连续的梯形圆柱排列;分析受力,列出N-S方程,并求解出了一维导管模型的半径与压力梯度和各节管长的关系表达式。研究结果表明,模型中每一节导管的水受力都是平衡的,且各节之间相互独立。     

打水漂与物理学规律

打水漂是人类最古老的游戏之一.通过对打水漂进行简化定量分析得出,石块弹跳,只有在抛掷的初速度超过某个临界值时才会发生,并且给出了石块的最大弹跳次数.     

化学反应对竖直平板边界磁流体动力学微极流体滑流的影响

对半无限竖直平板为边界的多孔介质，研究了传热、传质对微极流体不稳定滑流的影响，其化学反应是一级均匀的。均匀磁场垂直作用于可以吸收微极流体的多孔表面，吸引速度随着时间而变化。自由流动的速度随着微小扰动而呈指数增大或减小。采用近似方法获得了微极流体的速度、微转动、温度、浓度的表达式，还得到了在不同流体特征和流动条件下，壁面的摩擦系数、耦合应力系数、传热率和传质率。