爆炸冲击波作用下人体肺部的损伤

为探究肺部爆炸伤的致伤机制与评价指标,构建了人体-爆炸流场有限元模型,通过与爆炸事故中人员损伤情况比对,验证了模型的有效性。共进行39个爆炸工况的数值模拟,通过改变爆炸当量与距离,使得胸部受到不同量级爆炸载荷作用,肺部损伤等级从无损伤到严重损伤。通过分析爆炸流场分布、胸腔动力学响应、肺部应力分布等阐明肺部爆炸伤的力学机制。基于人体有限元模型输出的损伤响应,提出肺部爆炸伤的评价指标。研究结果表明:在爆炸载荷作用下,胸前壁高速撞击胸腔脏器,导致肺部产生应力波。随后在惯性作用下,胸前壁持续挤压胸腔脏器,并造成胸腔变形。应力波是造成肺部损伤的主要原因,胸腔变形挤压肺部造成的损伤风险较低。肺部损伤集中在靠近胸前壁及心脏的区域。胸骨速度峰值和胸骨加速度峰值可作为肺部爆炸伤的评价指标。胸部压缩量及黏性响应系数不能反映应力波对肺部造成的损伤,不适合评价肺部爆炸伤。     

晶粒尺寸对Ba0.70Sr0.30TiO3陶瓷介电性能的影响规律及机理研究

通过制备晶粒尺寸处于0.1-10 μm之间的致密Ba0.70Sr0.30TiO3陶瓷,系统研究了晶粒尺寸对居里温度TC、铁电相介电常数εF、峰值介电常数εM的影响规律,并深入分析了其内在的影响机理.研究表明:晶粒尺寸减小时,TC刚开始基本不变,直到晶粒尺寸小到一定程度时才开始降低,此变化规律可由Buesseum的内应力模型解释;随晶粒尺寸的增加,εF先增加后减小,此变化规律可由Shaikh的串并联模型来解释,主要影响因素有内应力、畴、晶界;εM随晶粒尺寸的增加,在晶粒尺寸较小时先增加后减小,晶粒尺寸较大时略有增加,此变化规律可由弥散相变理论和串并联模型共同解释,在晶粒尺寸较小时主要影响因素为内应力、微畴和晶界,晶粒尺寸较大时主要影响因素为晶界.     

有机强磁性研究

在对有机强磁性体的概仿、源及其所特有的物理和作简要介绍的基础上，阐述了有机材料的强磁性研究的重要意义以及有机强磁体作为新材料可能具有的应用前景，评述了国内外目前有机强磁性的理论和实验研究现状，讨论了有机强磁体的获取途径和分子设计方法，关着重讨论了纯有机强磁性体的模型设计和结构分析等方面的工作。     

MAGNON EXCITATION OF QUASI-ONE-DIMENSIONAL ORGANIC FERROMAGNET

A new quasi-one-dimensional organic ferromagnet model is proposed. Magnon excitations for finite and infinite on-site repulsion of electrons on main carbon chain are investigated. It is found that the lowest branch of spectrum preserves the characteristics of the ferromagnetic magnon. It is also shown that with increasing of the on-site repulsion energy, the itinerant π-electrons become tightly localized.     

彩色电视屏用光敏磷光体粉浆的研磨条件

美国电化学学会第145次会议文章摘要中,有53篇和发光材料、显示器件有关。我们从中选译了一部份,陆续刊登以供参考。这次刊出的是和彩色电视有关的文章摘要,参考资料目录一律从略。     

铅黄铜合金激光诱导击穿谱特性的实验研究

本文系统地研究了靶点位置、激光功率密度以及缓冲气体对铅黄铜样品中激光诱导击穿谱(LIBS)特性的影响;并分析了不同环境气体下LIBS信号的时间分辨特性,确定了将LIBS用于铅黄铜合金样品杂质元素定量分析时的最佳实验条件.     

Formation of Pd-Ni Based Bulk Metallic Glasses

Bulk metallic glasses are prepared in Pd4o.sNi4o.sSixP19-x （x = 0-14 at.%） alloys by a combination of flux treatment and water quenching technique. It is found that the thermal stability of the Pd4o.sNi4o.sSixP19=x glassy alloys depends on the addition of Si content. Among the Pd4o.sNi4o.sSixP19=x glassy alloys studied, the Pd4o.sNi4o.sSisPls bulk metallic glass exhibits the largest supercooled liquid region （△T = 119 K） and the highest activation energy of crystallization （283.3k J/tool）, showing enhanced glass formation ability and extraordinary glassy thermal stability.     

Strongly Correlated Effect in TiS2

The thermoelectric compound TiS2 is studied by using the full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave method on the density functional theory with the generalized gradient approximation （GGA） as well as the on-site Coulomb interaction correction （＋U）. The Seebeck coefficient of TiS2 is calculated based on the electronic structure obtained within the GGA under the consideration of the on-site Coulomb interaction. The calculated Seebeck coefficient at 300K shows that Coulomb interaction U in the range of 4.97-5.42eV is important to reproduce the experimental data. The obtained energy gap Eg around 0.05 eV indicates that TiS2 is an indirect narrow-gap semiconductor.