Bi‐directional organic light‐emitting diodes with nanoparticle‐enhanced light outcoupling

An effective method is presented for enhancing the outcoupling efficiency of translucent/bi‐directional organic light‐emitting diodes (TL/BD‐OLEDs) with a bottom indium tin oxide (ITO) anode and a top cathode comprised of a thin Ag layer covered with an organic capping layer. Upon insertion of a nanoparticle (NP)‐based scattering layer (NPSL) between the substrate and the ITO anode, the TL/BD‐OLEDs exhibit significantly enhanced external quantum efficiency (EQE) in both emission directions. Furthermore, the NPSL improves the color stability of the TL/BD‐OLEDs over a wide range of viewing angles. Simulations based on geometrical and statistical optics are performed to elucidate the mechanism by which the efficiency is enhanced and to establish strategies for further optimization. Simulations performed on the scattering layers with varying NP volume percentage reveal that the bottom‐side emission is governed by competition between waveguide‐mode extraction and backward scattering by NPs in the film, while the top‐side emission is largely dominated by the latter. Optimized bi‐directional OLEDs achieve a 1.64‐fold enhanced EQE compared to reference devices without NPSL.     

Degree spectra and immunity properties

We analyze the degree spectra of structures in which different types of immunity conditions are encoded. In particular, we give an example of a structure whose degree spectrum coincides with the hyperimmune degrees. As a corollary, this shows the existence of an almost computable structure of which the complement of the degree spectrum is uncountable (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Bi‐commutators of fractional integrals on product spaces

Recently Lacey extended Chanillo's boundedness result of commutators with fractional integrals to a higher parameter setting. In this paper, we extend Lacey's result to higher dimensional spaces by a different method. Our method is in terms of the dual relationship between product BMO and product Hardy space and the maximal function characterization of product Hardy spaces obtained by S.‐Y.Chang and R. Fefferman. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

8-羟基喹啉合镁作为发光层的明亮电致发光器件

以氯化镁与8 羟基喹啉反应合成了8 羟基喹啉合镁配合物,用元素分析、热重分析和红外吸收光谱分析确定了其组成为Mg(C9H7NO)2·2H2O。结果表明,该配合物是热稳定性高、升华性好、光致发光性能优良的蓝绿色发光材料;以该配合物作为发光层和电子传输层,用真空镀膜法得到了结构为ITO/TPD/Mgq2/Al的明亮的蓝 绿色电致发光器件。     

Controlled delivery achieved with bi-layer matrix devices produced by co-injection moulding

The aim of this study was to design new soy protein-based bi-layered co-injection moulded matrix systems aimed to achieve controlled drug delivery. The devices consisted of a drug-free outer layer (skin) and a drug-containing core. The systems overcame the inherent disadvantage of non-linear release associated with diffusion-controlled single-layer matrix devices by providing additional releasing area with time to compensate for the decreasing release rate. As expected, the bi-layer devices presented a significant decrease in drug release rate when compared with a correspondent single layer matrix system. The skin thickness and the degree of crosslinking of the core appeared to be very important tools to tailor the release patterns. Furthermore, due to the amphoteric nature of the soy protein, the developed devices evidenced a pH-dependent behaviour. The mechanisms of drug release were also elucidated at two different pH values: i) pH 5.0, near the isoelectric point of soy (low matrix solubility); and ii) pH 7.4, physiological pH (high matrix solubility). Consequently, changing the release medium from pH 5.0 to pH 7.4 after two hours, led to an abrupt increase in drug release and the devices presented a typical controlled drug delivery profile: slow release/fast release. These evidences may provide for the development of individual systems with different release onsets that in combination may exhibit drug releases at predetermined times in a pre-programmed way. Another possibility is the production of three-layer devices presenting bimodal release profiles (fast release/slow release/fast release) by similar technologies. Scanning electron micrograph of a developed bi-layer device.     

带附加项KdV方程族的双Hamilton结构(英文)

通过将ｔ看作空间变量，将ｘ作为发展参数，本文给出了带附加项的ＫｄＶ和ＭＫｄＶ方程族的ｔ型Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ结构。再利用ｔ型Ｍｉｕｒａ变换，得到了带附加项ＫｄＶ方程族的第二个Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ结构，进而构造出遗传算子及一族新的无穷维可积Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ系统，并给出了带附加项的孤立子方程及孤立子方程的约束系统间Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ结构的约化关系．     

关于poe—半群的双理想

推广正则半群中的双理想到ｐｏ－半群之中，利用ｐｏ－半群中的双理想研究了正则ｐｏｅ－半群、内正则ｐｏｅ－半群。得到了如下主要结果：①Ｓ为正则ｄｕｏ的充要条件是：Ｂ（ａｂ）＝Ｂ（ａ）∩Ｂ（ｂ），Ａ↓ａ、ｂ∈Ｓ；②Ｓ正则ｄｕｏ的充要条件为Ｓ为Ｂ－单序半群的半格；③Ｓ内正则的充要条件为：Ｒ∩Ｂ∩Ｌ包含于（ＬＢＲ］；④Ｓ正则且内正则的充要条件为：Ｒ∩Ｂ∩Ｌ包含于（ＢＲＬ］。     

Fundamental solutions and asymptotic numerical methods for bifurcation analysis of nonlinear bi‐harmonic problems

New algorithms, combining asymptotic numerical method (ANM) and method of fundamental solutions, are proposed to compute bifurcation points on branch solutions of a nonlinear bi‐harmonic problem. Three methods, mainly based on asymptotic developments framework, are then proposed. The first one consists in exploiting the ANM step accumulation close to the bifurcation points on a solution branch, the second method allows the introduction of an indicator that vanishes at the bifurcation points, and finally the first real root of the Padé approximant denominator represents the third bifurcation indicator. Two numerical examples are considered to analyze the robustness of these algorithms.     

Synthesis and properties of poly(silylenevinylene(bi)phenylenevinylene)s by hydrosilylation polymerization

Poly(silylenevinylene(bi)phenylenevinylene)s were synthesized by chloroplatinic acid-catalyzed hydrosilylation polymerization between α,ω-diethynylarenes and methylphenylsilane or diphenylsilane. The polymer structure was dependent on the substituent size of silane reagent. Poly(silylenevinylenephenylenevinylene)s showed fluorescence emission in the blue region. Optical and thermal properties of the polymers were extensively investigated. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 2933–2940, 1999