稀土铈（Ⅳ）离子和钼酸钠在盐酸溶液中对冷轧钢的缓蚀协同效应

用失重法和电化学法研究了盐酸介质中，稀土铈(Ⅳ)离子和钼酸钠对冷轧钢的缓蚀协同效应．研究结果表明，钼酸钠和稀土Ce^4 对冷轧钢都有一定的缓蚀作用，但最大缓蚀率不超过42％．通过吸附模型的讨论发现，在Langmuir吸附模型的基础上进行校正后的模型能更合理地解释实验结果，并求出了三个吸附参数(△H^-，ΔG^-，△S^-)．通过对比实验，发现稀土铈(Ⅳ)离子和钼酸钠对冷轧钢产生了明显的缓蚀协同效应，最大缓蚀率可达90％左右。     

Ce3+离子激活的SrB4O7的VUV光谱

Ce³⁺只有一个4f电子,具有最简单的4f¹5d⁰基态结构,其激发光谱直接反映了5d轨道的能量状态。由于同一基质晶格相同格位上不同稀土离子受基质晶体场影响相近,所以根据Ce³⁺离子的光谱可以推测和分析其他稀土离子的5d轨道能量,是研究其他稀土离子f-d跃迁的基础。采用高温固相法合成了Ce³⁺离子激活的SrB₄O₇发光体,测定了样品在130~350nm波长范围的激发光谱和相应的发射光谱。指认了VUV激发光谱上Ce³⁺离子的5个4f¹→4f⁰5d¹跃迁激发带,讨论了SrB₄O₇的基质吸收带和Ce³⁺的5d轨道在SrB₄O₇中的晶体场劈裂、5d轨道能级重心及SrB₄O₇:Ce³⁺的发射光谱和Stokes位移。     

新试剂二溴氟基偶氮氟胂分光光度法快速测定热镀锌合金中微量铈

报道了新试剂DBF-FAsA的合成及其应用于测定锌合金中添加微量元素铈量的方法。在强酸性体系中铈与二溴氟基偶氮氟砷(DBF-FAsA)形成蓝紫色配合物,其最大吸收波长为624nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε为1.20×105L·mol-1·cm-1,线性范围为0～1.0μg/mL。该法可用于锌合金或中间锌合金材料中微量铈的测定。     

Sequence-specific Hydrolysis of Single-stranded DNA by PNA-Cerium （Ⅳ） Adduct

A novel artificial site specific cleavage reagent, with peptide nucleic acid （PNA） as sequence-recognizing moiety and cerium （IV） ions as “scissors” for cleaving target DNA, was synthesized. Subsequently, it was employed in the cleavage of target 26-mer single-stranded DNA （ssDNA）, which has 10-mer sequence complementary with PNA recognizer in the hybrids, under physiological conditions. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatogram （RPHPLC） experiments indicated that the artificial site specific cleavage reagent could cleave the target DNA specifically.     

烟草模板制备掺杂过渡金属铈锆固溶体及其催化氧化CO性能研究

以烟梗丝、烟叶片和烟梗条等材料为模板掺杂过渡金属合成了一系列铈锆固溶体材料.对合成的材料进行了扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、N2吸附-脱附、程序升温还原(H2-TPR)、X-射线衍射法(XRD)、储氧量(OSC)、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)等表征.对铈锆固溶体材料进行CO氧化活性评价,结果表明不同烟草模板制备的铈锆固溶体性能不同.以烟叶片为模板制备的掺铜铈锆固溶体具有极高的储氧量,高达2961μmol/g,但该材料催化氧化CO的活性并非最强.以烟梗丝为模板制备的掺铜铈锆固溶体在铈锆比为45∶45∶10时,对CO氧化有着很好的催化活性,起燃活性温度(T50)为91℃.     

Eu3+掺杂六方相-维纳米磷酸铈发光材料的合成与表征

以磷酸钠、硝酸铈、硝酸铕为原料,P123表面活性剂为模板,采用水热法,成功合成了Eu3＋掺杂的六方相CePO4一维纳米材料。通过XRD,TEM,PL表征,发现纳米线最长可以达到1μm左右,掺杂后的一维纳米材料,其荧光发射性能在波长为348 nm处得到了很大的提高,而形貌能够基本保持不变。通过比较发现,随着掺杂量的不断增加,其荧光发射强度出现了先增大后减小的变化趋势,其中以样品Ce0.99Eu0.01PO4的荧光发射性能最强。磷酸铈一维纳米材料以其优异的荧光发射性能,在光、电等领域具有潜在的应用价值。     

CeO2掺杂的Mn/Al催化剂的物化、表面及催化性能

Pure and CeO2-doped Mn/Al mixed oxides were prepared by the wet impregnation method using finely powdered alumina, manganese, and cerium nitrates. The physicochemical, surface, and catalytic properties of the thermally treated solids (at 500, 800, and 900 ℃) were investigated using XRD, nitrogen adsorption at -196 ℃, and hydrogen peroxide decomposition in an aqueous solution at 30 - 50 ℃. The Mn oxidation state changed from Mn4 to Mn2 on increasing the calcination temperature. There were two unique features associated with CeO2 that are of interest. The first was that it favored the dispersion of manganese oxides deposited on the γ-Al2O3 catalyst calcined at 500 ℃. The second was that it enhanced the formation of Mn3O4 species from Mn2O3 deposited initially on the alumina support calcined at 800 and 900 ℃. Consequently, the specific surface area of the Mn/Al mixed oxides calcined at 500 ℃ was increased by increasing the amount of dopant added. An opposite effect was observed by increasing the calcination temperature from 500 to 900 ℃. The doping followed by calcination at different temperatures brought about an increase in the catalytic activity of mixed oxides. Pretreatments did not modify the mechanism of the catalyzed reaction but changed the number of catalytically active sites without changing the nature of these sites.     

SBA-15负载CeO2纳米晶的溶胶-凝胶一步合成

以P123为模板剂, 正硅酸乙酯和硝酸铈为前驱体, 通过溶胶-凝胶路线在酸性条件下合成了SBA-15负载氧化铈(CeO2与SiO2质量比为28.7%)有序介孔材料. 采用热重/差热分析(TGA/DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和氮气吸附等手段对所合成材料进行了表征. 结果表明, 合成的材料具有类似于SBA-15的结构, 孔径、孔容和比表面积分别为38.7 Å, 0.46 cm3/g和570 m2/g. X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线能谱(EDS)和选区电子衍射花样联合表征证实了铈物种以高分散的CeO2纳米晶的形式分布在介孔基体中.     

Autothermal reforming of methane over Ni catalysts supported over ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3

Ni catalysts supported on Al2O3, ZrO2-Al2O3, CeO2-Al2O3 and ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 were prepared by coprecipitation method, and their catalytic performances for autothermal reforming of methane to hydrogen were investigated. The Ni-supported catalysts were characterized by XRD, TPR and XPS. The relationship between the structures and catalytic activities of the catalysts was discussed. The results showed that the catalytic activity and stability of the Ni/ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst was better than those of other catalysts with the highest CH4 conversion, H2/CO and H2/COx ratio at 750 ℃. The catalyst showed a little deactivation along the reaction time during its 72 h on stream with the mean deactivation rate of 0.08%/h. The catalytic performance of the Ni/ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst was also affected by reaction temperature, no2 ： nCH4 molar ratio and nH2O ： nCH4 molar ratio. TPR, XRD and XPS measurements indicated that the formation of ZrO2-CeO2 solid solution could improve the dispersion of NiO, and inhibit the formation of NiAl2O3, and thus significantly promoted the catalytic activity of the Ni/ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst.