固相萃取/液相色谱-串联质谱法测定地表水中10种抗病毒药物

建立了地表水中伐昔洛韦、阿巴卡韦、恩替卡韦、齐多夫定、奈韦拉平、更昔洛韦、替比夫定、拉米夫定、阿昔洛韦和金刚烷胺10种抗病毒药物的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用检测方法。水样经ISOLUTE ENV+固相萃取柱富集净化后,以Waters ACQUITY UPLCTMBEH C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm i.d.,1.7μm)分离,0.1%甲酸-乙腈为流动相,在电喷雾离子源正离子模式下采用质谱多反应监测(MRM)进行测定。10种目标化合物的线性范围为0.5~200 ng/L,相关系数r20.993;方法的定量下限为0.2~5.0 ng/L,3个加标水平下的平均回收率为70.0%~104.0%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于15%。该方法可用于地表水等相关水体中目标化合物的分析。     

加速溶剂萃取/气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法测定纺织品中24种多环芳烃

建立了加速溶剂萃取/气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱(ASE/GC-MS/MS)同时测定纺织品中24种多环芳烃(PAHs)的方法。样品经丙酮加速溶剂萃取,旋蒸浓缩后采用DB-35色谱柱程序升温分离,选择多反应监测模式(MRM)采集,外标法定量。结果表明,在一定浓度范围内多环芳烃的峰面积与质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r~2)均大于0.994,方法检出限为0.000 3~0.03 mg/kg,方法定量下限为0.001~0.10 mg/kg,加标回收率为80.3%~103%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.3%~9.2%。该方法灵敏、准确可靠,能满足纺织品中24种多环芳烃的测试要求。     

A Biodegradable Polydopamine‐Derived Electrode Material for High‐Capacity and Long‐Life Lithium‐Ion and Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Polydopamine (PDA), which is biodegradable and is derived from naturally occurring products, can be employed as an electrode material, wherein controllable partial oxidization plays a key role in balancing the proportion of redox‐active carbonyl groups and the structural stability and conductivity. Unexpectedly, the optimized PDA derivative endows lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) or sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) with superior electrochemical performances, including high capacities (1818 mAh g^?1 for LIBs and 500 mAh g^?1 for SIBs) and good stable cyclabilities (93 % capacity retention after 580 cycles for LIBs; 100 % capacity retention after 1024 cycles for SIBs), which are much better than those of their counterparts with conventional binders.     

Legendre spectral method for solving mixed boundary value problems on rectangle

In this paper, we develop a spectral method for mixed inhomogeneous Dirichlet/Neumann/Robin boundary value problems defined on rectangle. Some results on two‐dimensional Legendre approximation in Jacobi‐weighted Sobolev space are established. As examples of applications, spectral schemes are provided for two model problems with mixed inhomogeneous boundary conditions. The spectral accuracy in space of proposed algorithms are proved. Efficient implementations are presented. Numerical results demonstrate their high accuracy and confirm the theoretical analysis well. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

光谱法研究异丙甲草胺及其S-对映体与脲酶的相互作用机制

应用紫外差光谱和荧光光谱法研究了水溶液中酰胺类除草剂异丙甲草胺及其S 异构体与脲酶分子间的相互作用。结果表明 ,随着除草剂浓度的增加 (0 0～ 1 6 μmol·L-1 ) ,脲酶的紫外吸收光谱发生红移 ,吸收强度减弱。除草剂对脲酶的荧光均有猝灭作用 ,且静态猝灭是引起脲酶荧光猝灭的主要原因。从荧光猝灭结果求出了除草剂和脲酶的结合常数及结合位点数。异丙甲草胺 :K =1 4 9× 1 0 3 L·mol-1 ,n =0 84 ;S 异丙甲草胺 :K =2 2 2× 1 0 3 L·mol-1 ,n =0 89。     

微量脉冲进样-导数火焰原子吸收光谱法测定调味品中锌

将微量脉冲进样技术和导数火焰原子吸收光谱法结合 ,建立了测定调味品中锌含量的新方法。探讨了微量进样体积和导数仪档位等影响因素。样品经离心、稀释后直接测定 ,该方法的灵敏度和检出限分别为 0 0 0 4和 0 0 13μg·mL-1,相对标准偏差为 3 0 %～ 4 4 % ,回收率 93 3%～ 113 3%。该方法准确和快速 ,结果令人满意。     

甲壳素和壳聚糖的接枝共聚改性

天然高分子甲壳素、壳聚糖由于分子链上大量存在的反应性官能团 ,易于通过自由基引发与乙烯基单体接枝共聚 ,也可与其它高分子链偶合制得接枝共聚物。通过接枝共聚改性 ,可以赋予甲壳素和壳聚糖以某些新的性能 ,扩大了其应用范围。本文对甲壳素、壳聚糖的接枝共聚改性反应进展、机理以及产物的性能等进行了介绍     

Effects of High Salt Concentration and Residue on Copper and Aluminum Corrosion

Traditional researches on metal corrosion under salt solutions deposit conditions are usually carried out by visual, electron microscopic observations and simple electrochemical measurement via a traditional one-piece electrode. These techniques have difficulties in measuring localized corrosion that frequently occur in inhomogeneous media. This paper reports the results from the experiments using specially shaped coupons and a relatively new method of measuring heterogeneous electrochemical processes, namely, the wire beam electrode(WBE). Preliminary results from copper and aluminum corrosion in highly concentrated sodium chloride solutions with and without solid deposits show that the method is useful in simulating and studying corrosion especially localized corrosion in pipelines.     

带有锥形孔的复合变幅杆设计及动态分析

在超声振动拉丝加工过程中,为了实现线材的顺利拉拔,需要应用带有锥形孔的复合变幅杆。为此,本文基于等效四端网络与传输矩阵法,建立了带锥形孔圆锥变幅杆的传输矩阵,推导出带锥形孔圆锥过渡复合变幅杆的频率方程的一般公式。根据推导出的频率方程,应用区间搜索法和牛顿迭代法获取了准确的数值解,实现了该复合变幅杆的纵向振动。之后,应用有限元软件Ansys对设计出的复合变幅杆分别进行模态分析和动力学特性分析,获得了各段不同长度下复合变幅杆谐振频率、放大系数以及最大应力值的变化规律。最后,对制造出的复合变幅杆进行阻抗与振动性能测试,结果表明其频率准确,且振幅比较稳定。