Isolation and bioactivities of organic acids and phenols from walnut shell pyroligneous acid

Based on differences in acidity, organic acids and phenols were enriched by pH gradient extraction method from walnut shell pyroligneous acid. Contents of organic acids and phenols were measured by acid-base titration method and Folin colorimetric assay, respectively to assess the effectiveness of the extraction. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of the organic acids and antioxidant activity of phenols extracted were investigated. Chemical components of the extracts that were from the optimal concentrations of NaHCO₃ and NaOH were measured by GC-MS. The results showed that 5% NaHCO₃ could enrich the highest amount of organic acids, whereas 4% NaOH could enrich the highest amount of phenols. The enriched organic acids exhibited high antimicrobial activity, and the enriched phenols exhibited antioxidant activity under low concentrations, and demonstrated dosage dependency.     

PANI膜电聚合过程及电控分离苯酚的EQCM研究

通过电沉积方法在镀铂石英晶片上制备了导电聚苯胺(PANI)膜,采用电化学石英晶体微天平(EQCM)技术探讨了苯胺聚合机制及在苯酚溶液中的氧化还原特性.在0.5 mol/L硫酸溶液中结合循环伏安法考察了PANI膜在完全还原态(L)-半氧化态(E)-完全氧化态(P)之间的电活性和稳定性;在不同浓度的苯酚溶液中结合恒电压阶跃...     

高效液相色谱法测定食品接触材料中苯酚和4-叔丁基苯酚迁移量

提出了食品接触材料在水、3％(质量分数)乙酸溶液、乙醇(1+9)溶液、异辛烷4种食品模拟物中苯酚、4-叔丁基苯酚迁移量的高效液相色谱测定方法.不同种类的食品模拟物采用不同的样品前处理方法提取后,用Diamonsil C18色谱柱为固定相,甲醇-水为流动相梯度洗脱,以激发波长220 nm、发射波长312nm的荧光检测器进...     

Mononitration of phenol derivatives by guanidinium nitrate and silica sulfuric acid under mild conditions

A mixture of guanidinium nitrate and silica sulfuric acid acts as mild and heterogeneous media for the efficient mono nitration of phenolic compounds in dichloromethane at room temperature.     

Novel synthesis of a unique helical quinone derivative by coupling reaction of 2-hydroxybenzo[c]phenanthrene

Oxidative coupling reaction of both 3-hydroxychrysene and 2-hydroxybenzo[c]phenanthrene by using Cu(NO₃)₂-3H₂O under atmospheric air is described. The former gave the aimed coupled biaryl derivative. However, the latter gave a further oxidized helical quinone derivative. The unique helical structure was characterized by X-ray and NMR analysis.     

间接法测定工业废水中微量苯酚

研究了用吸光光度法间接测定微量苯酚的方法。在KBrO3和KBr溶液中,以淀粉 碘化钾为显色剂,最大吸收波长为590nm,线性范围为0.10～2.00mg·L-1,回收率为92%～110%,NH+4、Ca2+、Fe3+等不干扰测定。该法用于测定工业废水中痕量苯酚,结果满意。     

Wettability modification of pitch-based spherical activated carbon by air oxidation and its effects on phenol adsorption

The surface chemistry of pitch-based spherical activated carbon (PSAC) was modified by air oxidation to enhance its wettability as well as adsorption properties. Changes of PSAC after modification in texture, surface chemistry and wettability were studied by different techniques including N₂ adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and dynamic contact angle analyzer (DCA). Phenol adsorption characteristics in different solvents on PSAC were also investigated. When PSAC was modified under an atmosphere with 20 vol.% oxygen at 400 and 450 °C for 5 h, surface acidic groups increased from 0.11 to 1.22 and 1.60 meq/g, while basic groups decreased from 0.52 to 0.03 and 0.02 meq/g, respectively. After PSAC was modified, the increase of the oxygen-containing groups, especially carboxylic and phenolic ones, is responsible for the increasing of the surface acidity and the significant improvement of the wettability of PSAC. PSAC with a relatively high oxygen content provided a low adsorption capacity to phenol in aqueous solution, and the adsorption isotherms change from Langmuir class (L) to the S-shaped curve; while the solvent is changed into cyclohexane, all adsorption isotherms are type L, and the adsorption capacity to phenol increases with increasing oxygen-containing groups. Possible reasons, including the solvent effect, π-π dispersion and donor-acceptor interactions are discussed.     

三维荧光光谱结合二阶校正方法同时测定水中两种酚类

水是生命之源,人们日常生产生活离不开水。近年来水体污染日趋严重,已经危害到人类的健康。酚类化合物(Phenolic Compound)是一种广泛存在且很难降解的有机污染物,指的是芳香烃中苯环上的氢原子被羟基取代所生成的含羟基衍生物,毒性很强,对动植物及人类的生命活动有严重危害。实验研究对象选取间苯二酚(resorcinol,RES)和对苯二酚(hydroquinone,HYD)来配制待测样本,并且在其中3组预测样本中加入苯酚(phenol,PHE)作为干扰物,待测样本和空白溶剂分别用FS920稳态荧光光谱仪(edinburgh instruments,EI)扫描得到荧光光谱数据。对所得到的数据通过扣除空白溶剂法来消除拉曼散射的影响,得到的数据在消除干扰的同时最大程度保留下来原光谱所包含的重要信息。校正后光谱变得更加圆滑,荧光强度显著增强,因此,校正处理后的光谱信息更为准确。利用三维荧光光谱(EEM)结合平行因子分析(PARAFAC)和交替惩罚三线性分解(APTLD)两种二阶校正方法,分别完成在不含干扰物和含有干扰物、同时激发-发射光谱严重重叠时对间苯二酚、对苯二酚的快速、直接、准确测量,并给出定性、定量分析结果。PARAFAC算法对混合体系的组分数(即化学秩)较敏感,组分数选取过大易使其陷入计算"沼泽",迭代次数增多,计算耗时变长。故本文利用核一致诊断法(CORCONDIA)预估计出准确的组分数,保证PARAFAC算法更加快速准确。从定性分析结果知,当不含有干扰物时,PARAFAC能够准确分辨出间苯二酚和对苯二酚,二者荧光峰位置极为接近,很难用传统方法分辨,体现出将三维荧光光谱技术与化学计量学二阶校正方法相结合所具有的"二阶优势";定量分析结果给出,在有干扰物共存时,分别应用两种二阶校正法解析光谱数据结果显示:PARAFAC的浓度预测回收率为93.4%±0.5%~97.1%±1.0%,预测均方根误差小于0.190 mg·L^-1;APTLD的浓度预测回收率为95.9%±1.6%~97.2%±0.8%,预测均方根误差小于0.116 mg·L^-1,通过比较两种方法性能得:PARAFAC对待测物组分数敏感,对待分解的光谱数据严格线性要求高;而APTLD对混合物组分数不敏感,计算速度快,抗噪声能力较强,结果稳定,具有较明显的优势。     

Cellulose as recyclable organocatalyst for ipso-hydroxylation of arylboronic acids

Cellulose catalyzed oxidative hydroxylation of aryl and hetero-arylboronic acids to the corresponding phenols under metal and base free strategy has been demonstrated. The sustainable ipso-hydroxylation takes place using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant in water under mild condition in shorter period of time. Interestingly, easy recovery and reusability of heterogeneous catalyst without significant loss in catalytic yield makes the protocol environmentally benign.