光学速调管的自发辐射计算

 光学速调管自发辐射的结果是鉴定其性能的指标之一。根据合肥同步辐射环上采用的光学速调管和实测的磁场数据,计算了单能电子束和具有不同能散度电子束的自发辐射谱及相应的小信号增益谱,结果表明光学速调管的性能是好的。     

加深光学速调管自发辐射谱调制的研究

相干谐波储存环自由电子激光的相干增强因子正比于光学速调管自发辐射谱调制率的平方,加深光学速调管自发辐射谱的调制是相干谐波储存环自由电子激光研究的重要一环.介绍在中国科学技术大学800MeV电子储存环上所进行的加深光学速调管自发辐射谱调制的研究工作,调制率已从0.236提高到了0.80,为相干谐波产生实验奠定了基础.     

压缩真空中的三能级原子的自发辐射

对压缩真空与Ｖ型三能级原子的相互作用作了理论分析,探讨了量子干涉效应对压缩真空中原子自发辐射的影响。当原子的上能级简并时强的量子干涉效应影响原子的定态和定态出射光谱,使它们对原子的初态敏感。这种情况下,压缩使谱线趋于关于压缩真空中心频率对称,量子干涉使谱线趋于不对称。     

Spontaneous breaking of flavor symmetry and naturalness of nearly degenerate neutrino masses and bi-maximal mixing

The gauge model withSO(3) _F . flavor symmetry and three Higgs triplets is studied. We show how the intriguing nearly degenerate neutrino mass and bi-maximal mixing scenario comes out naturally after spontaneous breaking of the symmetry. The hierarchy between the neutrino mass-squared differences, which is needed for reconciling both solar and atmospheric neutrino data, naturally results from an approximate permutation symmetry. The model can also lead to interesting phenornena on lepton-flavor violations via theSO(3) _F gauge interactions.     

关于铁电铁弹材料的自然构形

铁电换弹材料常在极化下工作,其性能受材料的微结构直接影响。铁电材料在自极化过程中自变形和自极化方向的不唯一性,以及多晶材料中存在各种不同方向晶界的不可避免性,使得其自极化稳定构形具有极其复杂的结构。根据铁电铁材料单晶特征,提出在自极化过程中该材料能量密度是变形梯度和电位移向量的非凸函数。并且从能量角度出发,导出角电铁弹材料的自极化稳定构形所应满足的必要条件;得出在自然条件下（即无外力和无外加电场作     

Investigation of the interaction of sodium nitrite with hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solutions by the chemiluminescence method

An investigation is made of the chemiluminescence (luminol-dependent and spontaneous) of aqueous solutions of NaNO₂ and H₂O₂ in the pH range of 4.0–9.0. In the presence of luminol at pH>7 the initiator of luminescence is H₂O₂. At pH<7 the luminescence revealed seems to be initiated by peroxynitric acid (HOONO) produced by the interaction of NaNO₂ with H₂O₂ in weakly acid and acid solutions. Cysteine added to the solution prior to introducing H₂O₂ completely suppresses luminescence development in the pH range investigated. Moreover, cysteine quenches the luminescence already developed. Mannite and ethanol do not exert a substantial influence on the development of the luminescence. The solution of NaNO₂ and H₂O₂ is also characterized by spontaneous chemiluminescence, the intensity of which is one-two orders of magnitude lower than that of the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. The intensity of the spontaneous chemiluminescence of the solutions of NaNO₂ and H₂O attains its maximum in the pH region of 6.5 to 7.0. It is assumed that the revealed spontaneous luminescence of the solutions of NaNO₂ and H₂O₂ is also attributable to formation of peroxynitrit acid in an activated state (HOONO^*). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 66, No. 3, pp. 436–440, May–June, 1999.     

Asymmetry of spontaneous helium radiation in retarded excitation in an electric discharge

The dynamics of formation of optical radiation in spectral lines in a longitudinal nanosecond helium discharge under conditions of wave breakdown is investigated. A discharge tube with a diameter of 0.4 cm and a length of 50 cm was placed in a metallic shield 1 cm in diameter. The gas pressure was varied within 1–60 torr for an amplitude of the voltage pulses of up to 50 kV. Asymmetry of spontaneous radiation recorded from different ends of the discharge tube is detected. This is shown to be a consequence of nonuniform distribution of the functions of the primary brightness of the flux and the absorption coefficient along the tube length. Dagestan State University, 43a, M. Gadzhiev Str., Makhachkala, 367025, Russia. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 66, No. 3, pp. 415–420, May–June, 1999.     

The Variational Cumulant Expansion Study of Spatially Anisotropic XY Model

With the variational-cumulant expansion (VCE) method, the critical temperature and spontaneous magnetization of the spatially anisotropic XY model are calculated up to the fourth order. The variational parameter is determined by the complete variational method and the results are compared with both the Monte Carlo results and the self-consistent harmonic approximation (SCHA) results. It is shown that the VCE method can give a better result than the SCHA method when the coupling between adjacent layers is small.     

Ho2AlFe14Mn2化合物的负热膨胀性质

利用x射线衍射及磁测量手段研究了Ho2AlFe16-xMnx系列化合物的结构.结果表明，该系列化合物具有Th2Ni17型结构；随着x的增加，化合物的单胞体积呈现非线性的变化，结合磁测量结果分析认为，在化合物的磁相变点附近存在较大的正的本征磁致伸缩.在160—285K温度范围内对Ho2AlFe14Mn2化合物进行的变温x射线衍射研究表明，该化合物在其居里点附近(220—270K)具有负热膨胀性质，其平均热膨胀系数为-14×10-4/K. 关键词： Ho2AlFe16-xMnx化合物 负热膨胀 本征磁致伸缩     

Yoichiro Nambu and the Concept of Apparent Vacuum: A Stepping Stone to Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking

The processes of discovery and concept formation are as mysterious as they are intriguing. In this article, they give a sketch of Yoichiro Nambu's long path toward the concept of spontaneous symmetry breaking focusing on the pivotal role played by his notion of “apparent vacuum”. This is instrumental to draw the original analogical correspondence between the vacuum of quantum field theory and solid matter, which, transforming over time in its use and purpose, enables Nambu to arrive at the concept of spontaneous symmetry breaking. From this historical episode they draw a methodological lesson and emphasise the broad cultural influences that conditioned the conceptual development.