CROSSOVER FROM THERMAL HOPPING TO QUANTUM TUNNELING IN FERROMAGNETIC PARTICLE

The crossover from thermal hopping to quantum tunneling is studied. We show that the decay rate Γ with dissipation can accurately be determined near the crossover temperature. Besides considering the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillo uin exponent, we also calculate contribution of the fluctuation modes around the saddle point and give an extended account of a previous study of crossover region. We deal with two dangerous fluctuation modes whose contribution cannot be calculated by the steepest descent method and show that higher order couplings between the two dangerous modes need to be taken into consideration.     

Transport of Spin-Polarized Current Through a Mesoscopic Ring with Two Leads Induced by Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher Phases

We study the transport of spin-polarized current induced by the Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher phases in a mesoscopic ring with two leads in the presence of a cylindrically symmetric electric field and the magnetic flux at the centre of the same ring. An exact solution for the quantum transport is obtained. It is shown that the transport spin-polarized current and its polarizability can be controlled by the electric field and the magnetic flux as well.     

原子-原子相互作用影响下Dicke模型的量子相变

原子与光腔相互作用的动力学特性的研究一直是量子光学研究的热点,本文利用自旋相干态变换和基态变分法从理论上求解光腔中冷原子系统的基态能量表达式,并且给出丰富的基态相图。在正常相时给出基态能量稳定值的解析解;而超辐射相时,我们可以利用迭代的方法近似得到原子布居数、平均光子数和基态能量随原子-场耦合强度的变化。本文主要呈现出原子-原子相互作用强度改变正常相到超辐射相的量子相变点,且是一阶相变,但未出现新的量子相和量子相变。     

Atomistic simulation of fcc-bcc phase transition in single crystal Al under uniform compression

By molecular dynamics simulations employing an embedded atom model potential,we investigate the fcc-to-bcc phase transition in single crystal Al,caused by uniform compression.Results show that the fcc structure is unstable when the pressure is over 250 GPa,in reasonable agreement with the calculated value through the density functional theory.The morphology evolution of the structural transition and the corresponding transition mechanism are analysed in detail.The bcc (011) planes are transited from the fcc (11) plane and the (11) plane.We suggest that the transition mechanism consists mainly of compression,shear,slid and rotation of the lattice.In addition,our radial distribution function analysis explicitly indicates the phase transition of Al from fcc phase to bcc structure.     

Interaction-Induced Chiral Quantum States of the Ultracold Polar Molecules

The ultracold polar molecules with the tunable dipole-dipole interaction, not only would enable explorations of a large class of exotic many-body physics phenomena, but also could be used for quantum information processing. In the present paper we demonstrate that this dipole-dipole interaction can generate the degenerate chiral quantum states acting as a qubit robust against noise when the ultracold polar molecules are confined by a triangular lattice. Moreover, we also find two first-order quantum phase transitions by controlling an external driving field. One is the transition with the change of the different degenerate chiral quantum states. The other is the transition with the breaking of the degenerate quantum chiral states to the nondegenerate state. In experiment, these first-order quantum phase transitions can be detected by measuring the collective molecular population.     

量子玻色流体中的压缩玻色子对数态

导出参量相关的Bogoliubov幺正变换的封闭性表达式，在原粒子数表象中对角化量子玻色流体的约化Hamiltonian．将两模辐射场的非经典特性的表述推广到与流体的相互作用机制相应的量子玻色场，从波动和粒子统计的角度确认Hamiltonian本征态是非经典的压缩玻色子对数态． 关键词：     

哈密顿算符是SU（1,1）和SU（2）算子含时线性组合量子系统的时间演变及…

研究了哈密顿算符是ＳＵ（１，１）和ＳＵ（２）算子线性组合且系数显含时间量子系统的时间演化。我们发现适当选取厄密不变量，不仅可得到统一的量子态时间演化封闭解，而且可得到时间演化幺正算符。用时间演化算符我们讨论了含时双光子压缩态和ＳＵ（１，１）相干态以及ＳＵ（２）压缩态的压缩性质。     

PATH INTEGRAL CALCULATION OF QUANTUM TUNNELING FOR CUBIC POTENTIAL AT FINITE TEMPERATURE

The periodic instanton method is used to study the decay rates of metastable ground state and excited states of the cubic potential. The imaginary part of the energy is calculated through the standard procedure in the path-integral scheme. A formula of the decay rate valid for the entire region of energy is obtained. This formula provides a linkage between classical thermal activation at high temperatures and purely quantum tunneling at zero temperature. It is shown that in the low energy limit this more general result reduces exactly to the vacuum result. The temperature dependence of the decay rate agrees with earlier works in the literature.     

Effect of Connected Multi-Ring Impurity Scattering on Quantum Transport

We investigate the quantum transmission properties of connected multi-rings with impurities and analyse the effect of the impurities on the band formation in these geometric structures. It is shown that energy bands and band gaps are formed clearly while there is not any fixed band structure for the case of the single ring. The number of resonant peaks in conductance bands increases with the number of rings. Some essential differences are pointed out and magnetic properties of loop configurations in the presence of Aharonov-Bohm flux are explored as well.