A general synthetic route to enantiopure cis-fused perhydrocycloalka[c]pyridines from phenylglycinol-derived lactams

A synthetic route to enantiopure piperidines bearing a five-, six-, or seven-membered carbocyclic ring cis-fused on the c side of the heterocycle from a common phenylglycinol-derived δ-lactam is reported. Key steps are (i) a cyclocondensation reaction of (R)-phenylglycinol with a racemic γ-oxoester in a process that involves a dynamic kinetic resolution; (ii) a highly stereoselective conjugate addition of an organocuprate to an unsaturated δ-lactam; and (iii) a ring-closing olefin metathesis.     

SYNTHESIS OF LIGHT OLEFINS FROM SYNGAS VIA DIMETHYLETHR——A NEW TECHNIQUE PROCESS

A new route named as SDTO method for the synthesis of lightolefins from syngas has been proposed.That is to convert syngas todimethylether and then to convert dimethylether to light olefins.The catalystsfor the two conversion reactions have been developed.For the first reaction,the catulySt was synthesized by the combination of methanol synthesis catalystwith γ-Al_2O_3or zeolites which possesses both metallic and acidic functions.Thecatalyst for the second reaction was modified SAPO-34 molecular sieve.Thevariables of the reactions have also been investigated.The results from theserial connection of the two conversion steps without any separation show thatthe yield of C_2~-C_4~- olefins Could be>100g/(m~3 syngas).     

水热处理对纳米HZSM－5沸石酸性质及其降低汽油烯烃性能的影响

 采用水蒸气和碱性氨水蒸气在500℃下对纳米HZSM－5沸石催化剂进行了水热处理改性，并用XRD，IR，NH3－TPD和XRF对催化剂进行了表征．以降低FCC汽油（≤70℃馏分）烯烃含量为探针反应，考察了不同水热处理介质对催化剂酸性质和催化性能的影响．结果表明，经不同介质水热处理后，纳米HZSM－5沸石中约10％的Al2O3被脱除，总酸量降低，导致积炭失活的强酸中心明显减少；不同水热处理介质对催化剂的总酸量没有明显影响，而对酸中心类型分布的影响较大．水热处理改性使催化剂活性的稳定性明显改善，初始活性降低．同时，水热处理改性降低了催化剂对芳构化反应的催化活性，提高了对异构化反应的催化活性．采用氨水（0．5mol／L）蒸气处理的纳米HZSM－5催化剂其降烯烃催化活性更为稳定．在给定的反应条件下，FCC汽油的烯烃含量（φ）由65．9％降低到约26％，产物中烯烃、芳烃（主要是C7～C9芳烃）和烷烃含量分别保持在25％，19％和55％左右，辛烷值基本不变．     

HRP-12催化剂上苯与直链烯烃的烷基化反应 Ⅰ. 本征反应动力学研究

直链烷基苯是生产阴离子表面活性剂直链烷基苯磺酸盐的重要原料。2000年以美国环球油品公司(UOP)的脱氢法工艺生产的直链烷基苯占世界直链烷基苯产量的88％。脱氢法以液体氢氟酸为催化剂由正构烯烃与苯进行烷基化反应生产直链烷基苯。由于液体氢氟酸催化剂具有较强的腐蚀     

激光引发二氟卡宾与烯烃的反应

近十年来,激光引发一氯二氟甲烷红外多光子解离和激光敏化反应的研究非常活跃,但大部分工作都集中于解离机制及同位素分离,而对CF_2HC(?)多光子解离产生的二氟卡宾     

烯烃氢氨甲基化反应研究进展

烯烃的氢氨甲基化反应是合成各种胺及其衍生物的有效途径. 以催化体系及应用范围的发展为线索综述了该反应的研究进展.     

Aqueous olefin metathesis

According to popular belief, oxygen and water are the natural enemies of organometallic reactions and therefore must be excluded rigorously from the reaction vessel. This belief is founded in the case of the highly reactive nucleophilic metal alkylidene complexes that were used in early catalytic olefin metathesis. However, owing to the high stability of the ruthenium carbene complexes introduced by Grubbs, metathesis in water has become reality.     

担体对Fe-MnO催化剂CO加氢合成烯烃性能影响的TPSR表征

考察了不同担体担载的Ｆｅ－ＭｎＯ催化剂上ＣＯ加氢合成烯烃的反应。结果表明担体直接影响低碳烯烃选择性。通过对催化剂的ＣＯ，ＣＯ／Ｈ２，Ｃ２Ｈ４等吸附的ＴＰＳＲ表征及催化剂表面ＣＯ加氢微观反应的研究，证明以碱性担体为基质的ＰＢＣ催化剂具有强吸附ＣＯ能力，且生成的烯烃不易发生二次反应，因而ＰＢＣ催化剂具有较高的烯烃选择性；以酸性担体为基质的ＰＡＣ催化剂对ＣＯ为弱吸附，对Ｈ２为较强吸附，且烯烃会发生强烈的     

Influence of quaternary onium salts,crown ethers and cryptands on olefin epoxidations promoted by HOCl/ClO− in the Presence of Mn(III)-tetrakis(2,6-dichlorophenyl)porphyrin chloride

Reaction rates of alkene epoxidations, promoted by aqueous NaOCl and catalyzed by Mn(III)-tetrakis(2,6-dichlorophenyl)porphyrin chloride1 (P) in the presence of a lipophilic axial ligand (L) (e.g.N-hexylimidazole) and carried out under H₂O/CH₂Cl₂ two phase conditions at 0°C, are strongly enhanced by lowering the pH of the aqueous phase from 12.7 to 9.5. Under these conditions, a further relevant increase in the reaction rates can be achieved by adding phase-transfer catalysts (PT), e.g. quaternary ammonium salt 3, lipophilic crown ether4 or cryptand5, provided that the amount of L is very small (L/P=1 for very reactive alkenes, e.g. cyclooctene, and 10 for poorly reactive ones, e.g. 1-dodecene). In the case of cyclooctene epoxidation, the use of 0.006–0.03 mol. equiv. of PT completes the reaction in 1–10 min., the initial rates being up to 600 turnovers/min. with (2.2.2,C₁₀) cryptand. In the absence of the axial ligand, the quaternary ammonium salt3 and cryptand5 show an inhibitory effect. Such an effect is due to the formation of the poorly reactive Mn(P)CI species, by Cl– extraction to the organic phase. However, dibenzo crown ether 4 does not show this effect. In the presence of 4, and with L/P =1, the 1-dodecene epoxidation reaches 94% in 1 min. The unique behavior of crown ethers can be explained by their ineffectiveness in extracting alkali chlorides, providing a very low concentration of Cl– in the organic phase and thus avoiding the Mn(III)-porphyrin deactivation.This paper is dedicated to the memory of the late Dr C. J. Pedersen.