High-peak-power,single-mode,nanosecond pulsed,all-fiber laser for high resolution 3D imaging LIDAR system

This study presents an eye-safe, single-mode, nanosecond-pulsed, and all-fiber laser source with master- oscillator-power-amplifier configuration at 1 550 nm that is suitable for high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) imaging light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system. The output peak power of 7.6 kW is obtained at the 1.2-ns pulse width and 50-kHz repetition rate. The single-mode pulse laser output ensures the range precision and imaging results of the LIDAR system. The laser is used as a transmitter for the 3D imaging LIDAR system. The detailed characteristics of the LIDAR system and the results of the 3D imaging are presented.     

Anode and Cathode Spots in High-Voltage Nanosecond-Pulse Discharge Initiated by Runaway Electrons in Air

We report the experimental results with nanosecond-pulse discharges formed in the air gap between a fiat electrode and a sharp electrode. The appearance of anode and cathode spots on the electrodes is studied experimentally. It is considered that bright spots on the fiat cathode with positive polarity of the sharp electrode are formed due to the explosive electron emission on the cathode and the dynamic displacement current in the gap. It is also shown that with negative polarity of the sharp electrode, bright spots on the flat anode are formed after changing the polarity of the flat electrode due to the discharge oscillatory mode. Under these conditions, the explosive electron emission firstly forms on the sharp cathode. With negative polarity of the sharp electrode of the subnanosecond-pulse pulser, the runaway electron beam current is measured behind the anode foil with a time resolution of no more than 100ps.     

Passive Coherent Beam Combining Four Channels of Nanosecond Pulsed Laser Using All-Fiber Feedback Loop

We present an all-fber configuration of passive beam combining using an all-fber feedback loop and demonstrate passive coherent combining of a four-channel nanosecond pulsed laser. The output power, pulse characteristics, polarization extinction ratio and far field laser intensities of the combined output laser are investigated. The experimental results validate that passive phasing using an all-fiber feedback loop provides a simple while robust method for coherent beam combining of pulsed lasers. If replacing the fiber coupler used into a high power tapered fused bundle fiber combiner, this scheme ispromising to scale the output power up to the kW level.     

Optimization of quadrature frequency conversion with type-Ⅱ KDP for second harmonic generation of the nanosecond chirp pulse at 1053 nm

A second harmonic generation system with two type Ⅱ KDP crystals in quadrature is optimized for the nanosecond chirp pulse.The acceptance bandwidth of this optimizing scheme is close to 10 nm by using two crystals with slightly opposite angular detuning from phase matching and the conversion efficiency can reach 70%for top-hat chirp pulse at ～2 GW/cm2in theory.The preliminary experimental results are obtained on the 9th beam of Shen Guang Ⅱ SGⅡ laser system,and the performance of optimization is partially verified.     

激光诱导纳秒时间分辨荧光猝灭法原位研究菲及烷基菲与腐植酸相互作用

利用激光诱导纳秒时间分辨荧光(laser-induced nanosecond time-resolved fluorescence,LITRF)猝灭法原位研究腐植酸(humic acid,HA)分别与母环多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)菲(phenanthrene,Phe)及烷基PAHs 9-乙基菲(9-Ethylphenanthrene,9-EP)和惹稀(retene,Ret)相互作用,考察HA对母环及烷基PAHs结合特性差异与机制,对了解PAHs环境行为及生物有效性有重要意义。结果表明,通过改变延迟时间(50ns)可有效消除HA荧光干扰,实现游离Phe,9-EP及Ret浓度直接测定。利用Freundlich非线性等温吸附模型描述Phe,9-EP和Ret与HA结合特性,LITRF猝灭法与传统荧光法获得的模型拟合参数及单点结合系数结果一致。其中,参数n小于1,表明Phe,9-EP及Ret与HA均以非线性形式结合,且9-EP和Ret非线性程度高于Phe;相同给定平衡浓度下,HA与9-EP和Ret单点结合系数KOC大于Phe,而9-EP和Ret结合能力相近,且PAHs与HA结合系数均随给定浓度增加而降低。疏水性、取代基及与HA疏水空腔适应能力决定特定PAHs与HA结合特性。通过荧光寿命分析,HA存在下Phe,9-EP和Ret寿命分别为36.90,35.34和35.13ns,与未加入HA时的36.36,35.34和35.84ns无明显差异,表明Phe,9-EP和Ret与HA间的荧光猝灭以静态过程为主。LITRF猝灭法可快速有效原位研究PAHs与HA相互作用,有助于实现PAHs生态风险原位评估。     

全固态双极性纳秒脉冲电源研制及应用

研制了一种双极性交替的纳秒高压脉冲电源,进行了双极性纳秒脉冲放电产生等离子体研究。该电源先通过固态开关IGBT将直流电压截断成电压脉冲,通过可饱和脉冲变压器拓扑,实现升压并缩短脉冲上升沿。该电源可在一个周期内输出极性相反的2个脉冲,且时序可以灵活控制。通过优化调整器件参数,研制了两种不同输出性能参数的双极性纳秒脉冲电源:①峰值电压10 kV、爆发模式脉冲重复频率500 kHz（正负脉冲间隔2 μs）、连续重复频率1 kHz;②峰值电压25 kV、爆发重频200 kHz、连续重频600 Hz。测试电源的运行性能,发现电源存在温度升高的情况,但长时间（＞0.5 h）运行温度趋于稳定。10 kV电源连续运行在1 kHz时最高温度点50.5 ℃;25 kV电源连续运行在600 Hz时最高温度点60 ℃。利用该电源驱动线板电极阵列和表面介质阻挡放电结构,证实了该电源可以用于常压空气条件下产生大面积等离子体。     

Effect of initial chirp on near-infrared supercontinuum generation by a nanosecond pulse in a nonlinear fiber amplifier

Theoretical and experimental research on the effect of initial chirp on near-infrared supercontinuum generation by a nanosecond pulse in a nonlinear fiber amplifier is carded out. The complex Ginzburg-Landau equation is used to simulate the propagation of the pulse in the fiber amplifier and the results show that pulses with negative initial chirp produce the widest supercontinuum and pulses with positive initial chirp produce the narrowest supercontinuum when the central wavelength of the pump lies in the normal dispersion region of the gain fiber. A self-made line width narrowing system is utilized to control the initial chirp of the nanosecond pump pulse and a four-stage master oscillator power amplifier configuration is adopted to produce a high power near-infrared suppercontinuum. The experimental results are in good agreement with simulations which can provide some guidance on further optimization of the system in future work.     

同轴电缆测量纳秒脉冲信号衰减的数字补偿

 为了减小较长的信号传输电缆对纳秒量级前沿测量信号波形的畸变,提出了一种同轴电缆信号衰减数字补偿的方法。该方法利用信号在电缆中传输的衰减特性,结合标定或者扫频所得频响进行拟合,得到电缆的频响特性函数,再对电缆的出口信号进行反补,可以重建入口信号。经过实验验证,此补偿方法可以明显改善信号传输系统的频响特性,对于实验中的100 m的SYV-50-7-2同轴电缆,补偿前传输带宽-3dB约在40 MHz处,补偿后传输带宽约为1 GHz。     

全固态电感储能形成线纳秒短脉冲功率调制器北大核心CSCD

全固态电感储能型脉冲形成线调制器是实现高重复频率、电压高增益和短脉冲输出的一种全新方案。但开关非理想的动态特性和传输线固定的物理空间尺寸限制,难以实现高压短脉冲的产生和调控。为解决上述难题,通过电磁场分析建立了碳化硅场效应器件开关驱动模型,发现高速驱动和开关器件低寄生参数能有效改善开关动态特性,提出了板上高速开关及驱动集成设计解决方案。基于波过程分析和多开关时序逻辑控制理论,提出多开关削波电路拓扑方法和主动负载阻抗调制技术。实验结果表明,该调制器可产生上升时间2.1 ns,下降时间3.5 ns,脉冲宽度5.1 ns的方波短脉冲,并且脉冲宽度5~20 ns连续可调。10级叠加后验证了调整器高压能力,初级储能充电电压25 V时,电压增益可达336倍,重复频率200 kHz。     

百kV/cm场强下SF6气体开关纳秒脉冲击穿场强和时延经验公式

百kV/cm高场强纳秒脉冲条件下,采用J. C. Martin经验公式估算SF₆气体击穿场强时,估算值与实验结果差异显著。为了进一步指导高场强脉冲气体开关设计,为开关工作状态调节提供依据,借鉴经典击穿场强经验公式形式建立了百kV/cm场强下SF₆气体开关纳秒脉冲击穿场强和时延与实验参数之间的关系,基于实验数据拟合形成了修正系数的击穿场强和时延经验公式。研究表明,百kV/cm场强和纳秒脉冲条件下脉冲电压斜率对开关击穿特性有重要影响,击穿场强与击穿时延相互关联。百ns至μs脉冲与几十ns脉冲气体放电机理的区别引起放电过程中击穿时延组成发生变化,导致了经典击穿场强经验公式估算值与实验结果的显著差异。修正系数的击穿经验公式可为电磁脉冲模拟器输出开关提供更为精确的工程设计依据。