熔融制样-X射线荧光光谱法测定高碳铬铁中铬、硅和磷的含量

高碳铬铁是炼钢生产中重要的原料,被广泛应用于生产不锈钢、滚动轴承钢、工具钢、渗氮钢、热强钢、调质钢、渗碳钢和耐氢钢等。其中铬、硅、磷的含量不仅是高碳铬铁价格结算的依据,也是炼钢工艺的重要考核指标。目前,高碳铬铁的检测主要根据国家标准和行业的相关标准进行化学分析[1-3]。可是这些方法复杂难以掌握,且成本高,很难满足现代化的炼钢生产对合金检测提出的快速、准确的要求。X射线荧光光谱法有分析元素范围宽、精度高     

Catalytic performance of cement clinker supported nickel catalyst in glycerol dry reforming

The paper reports the development of cement clinker-supported nickel （with metal loadings of 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt% and 20 wt%） catalysts for glycerol dry （CO2） reforming reaction. XRF results showed that CaO constituted 62.0% of cement clinker. The physicochemical characterization of the catalysts revealed 32-folds increment of BET surface area （SBET） with the addition of nickel metal into the cement clinker, which was also corroborated by FESEM images. Significantly, XRD results suggested different types of Ni oxides formation with Ni loading, whilst Ca3SiO5 and Ca2Al0.67Mn0.33FeO5 were the main crystallite species for pure cement clinker. Temperature-programmed reduction analysis yielded three domains of H2 reduction peaks, viz. centered at approximately 750 K referred to as type-Ⅰ peaks, another peaks at 820 K denoted as type-Ⅱ peaks and the highest reduction peaks, type-Ⅲ recorded at above 1000 K. 20 wt% Ni was found to be the best loading with the highest XG and H2 yield, whilst the lowest methanation activity. Syngas with lower H2/CO ratios （0.6 to 1.5） were readily produced from glycerol dry reforming at CO2-to-Glycerol feed ratio （CGR） of unity. Nonetheless, carbon deposit comprised of whisker type （Cv） and graphitic-like type （Cc） species were found to be in majority on 20 wt%Ni/CC catalysts.     

Fractional pyrolysis of Cyanobacteria from water blooms over HZSM-5 for high quality bio-oil production

Fractional pyrolysis and one-step pyrolysis of natural algae Cyanobacteria from Taihu Lake were comparatively studied from 200 to 500 ℃. One-step pyrolysis produced bio-oil with complex composition and low high heating value （HHV〈30.9 MJ/kg）. Fractional pyrolysis separated the degradation of different components in Cyanobacteria and improved the selectivity to products in bio-oil. That is, acids at 200 ℃, amides and acids at 300 ℃, phenols and nitriles at 400 ℃, and phenols at 500 ℃, were got as main products, respectively. HZSM-5 could promote the dehydration, cracking and aromatization of pyrolytic intermediates in fractional pyrolysis. At optimal HZSM-5 catalyst dosage of 1.0 g, the selectivity to products and the quality of bio-oil were improved obviously. The main products in bio-oil changed to nitriles （47.2%） at 300 ℃, indoles （51.3%） and phenols （36.3%） at 400 ℃. The oxygen content was reduced to 7.2 wt% and 9.4 wt%, and the HHV was raised to 38.1 and 37.3 MJ/kg at 300 and 400 ℃, respectively. Fractional catalytic pyrolysis was proposed to be an efficient method not only to provide a potential solution for alleviating environmental pressure from water blooms, but also to improve the selectivity to products and obtain high quality bio-oil.     

再制造中零件供应系统整合优化研究

再制造企业里,在决策购买新零件或修复旧零件时,经常面对有限的拆卸修复信息和不确定的订货提前期.为了得到科学的决策,人们试图尽早地掌握拆卸修复零件的确切信息,与有能力的供应商建立良好的关系,或在企业建立管理信息系统来统计分析废旧品的状态和数量等.根据市场需求和产品批发价,以满足市场需求所要购买新零件数和拆卸修复机器数为决策变量,并考虑拆卸修复成功的概率,建立企业期望利润的数学模型,求得可能情况下的最优解或现实满意解.洞察再制造企业取得最大利润的主要影响因数及这些因数间的关系,为制作生产计划提供理论依据.最后指出进一步的研究问题.     

价格和库存均影响需求、部分拖后供给的易变质品生产库存

考虑产品的需求率受库存和销售价格的影响,拖后供给因子与需求得到满足的实际等待时间有关,建立了易变质品生产库存模型,给出了寻求最优生产策略和销售价格的方法,并分析参数变化对于平均利润、销售价格和服务率的影响.     

A novel correlation for estimation of hydrate forming condition of natural gases

An inherent problem with natural gas production or transmission is the formation of gas hydrates, which can lead to safety hazards to production/ transportation systems and to substantial economic risks. Therefore, an understanding of conditions where hydrates form is necessary to overcome hydrate related issues. Over the years, several models requiring more complicated and longer computations have been proposed for the prediction of hydrate formation conditions of natural gases. For these reasons, it is essential to develop a reliable and simple-to-use method for oil and gas practitioners. The purpose of this study is to formulate a novel empirical correlation for rapid estimation of hydrate formation condition of sweet natural gases. The developed correlation holds for wide range of temperatures (265–298 K), pressures (1200 to 40000 kPa) and molecular weights (16−29). New proposed correlation shows consistently accurate results across proposed pressure, temperature and molecular weight ranges. This consistency could not be matched by any of the widely accepted existing correlations within the investigated range. For all conditions, new correlation showed average absolute deviation to be less than 0.2% and provided much better results than the widely accepted existing correlations.     

中国稀土控股有限公司

中国稀土控股有限公司为全国超大规模的稀土及耐火材料生产商之一。公司于一九九九年十月十五日在香港联交所上市（名称：中国稀土,代码：0769）,是中国在海外上市的私有稀土和耐火材料生产企业？     

阻塞混流生产机器人制造单元调度问题可行解性质研究

针对阻塞混流生产机器人制造单元调度问题的可行解性质进行研究。首先,定义了机器人活动,将机器人运行排序和工件加工排序转化为机器人活动调度,将二维调度问题转化为一维调度问题;其次,提出了可行机器人活动调度概念,给出了几个等价定义;最后,给出了可行机器人活动调度经过一定变换,仍然是可行调度的条件。这些性质为优化算法的设计提供了理论基础。     

京津冀高能耗产业产能利用率及其影响因素研究

产能过剩是京津冀地区经济发展面临的突出问题之一.开展区域产能利用率及其影响因素研究,对于揭示高能耗产业产能过剩的机制,并进一步采取合理的产业结构优化和过剩产能化解对策具有重要的实践意义.基于京津冀地区2004-2016年高能耗产业的相关数据,采用生产函数法并通过Eviews9.0对京津冀地区高能耗产业的产能利用率进行了计算,并分析了其影响因素.主要结论如下:(1)京津冀的产能利用率存在地区差异,但都低于79%,处于产能过剩的状态;总体而言,产能利用率的变化可以划分为持续增长、波动上升和波动下降三个阶段;(2)产能利用率具有明显的行业差异,其中有色金属冶炼及压延加工业的产能利用率为36.80%,是产能过剩最突出的行业;(3)高能耗产业产能过剩的主要原因是政府的过度干预、涌潮效应、经济体制扭曲和技术效率低下等;(4)未来应当在京津冀协同发展的基础上,抓住"一带一路"倡议和雄安新区建设的机遇,实施"走出去"战略;加强环境规制作用,推动科技创新和产业结构升级,实现"环保补偿效应".     

竞争型“以旧换再”闭环供应链策略选择及生产决策研究

针对两阶段闭环供应链系统,研究了古诺竞争型闭环供应链中的“以旧换再”策略选择问题。研究发现:(1)企业如何及何时实施“以旧换再”策略取决于自身及竞争企业的再制造水平。再制造水平不仅影响了企业的“以旧换再”数量,同时还会影响产品市场份额及利润。(2)“以旧换再”策略可以提高企业竞争力,增加企业产品市场份额和提高收益;(3)提高 “以旧换再”补贴及再制造产品接受度, 降低“二手市场”价格,均可以降低企业实施“以旧换再”策略和提高企业的“以旧换再”数量。