The vibrational spectroscopy of a glycine molecule adsorbed on a silicon surface is studied computationally, using different clusters as models for the surface. Harmonic frequencies are computed using density functional theory (DFT) with the B3LYP functional. Anharmonic frequency calculations are carried out using vibrational self-consistent field (VSCF) algorithms on an improved PM3 potential energy surface. The results are compared with experiments on Glycine@Si(1 0 0)-2 × 1.
The main findings are: (1) Agreement of the computed frequencies with experiment improves with cluster size. (2) The anharmonic calculations are generally in better agreement with experiment than the harmonic ones. The improvements due to anharmonicity are most significant for hydrogenic stretching. (3) An important part of the anharmonic effects is due to anharmonic coupling between different normal modes of the system. (4) The anharmonic coupling between glycine vibrational modes is much larger than the anharmonic coupling between glycine and “phonon” (cluster) modes.
Implications of the results for surface vibrational spectroscopy are discussed. 相似文献
Almost thirty years ago, Penny G. Estabrooks asked “Where and what are the scalar mesons?” (P. Estabrooks, Phys. Rev. D 19, 2678 (1979)). The first part of her question can now be confidently responded (E. van Beveren et al., Z. Phys. C 30, 615 (1986)). However, with respect to the “What” many puzzles remain unanswered. Scalar and axial-vector mesons form part
of a large family of mesons. Consequently, though it is useful to pay them some extra attention, there is no point in discussing
them as isolated phenomena. The particularity of structures in the scattering of --basically-- pions and kaons with zero angular
momentum is the absence of the centrifugal barrier, which allows us to “see” strong interactions at short distances. Experimentally
observed differences and similarities between scalar and axial-vector mesons on the one hand, and other mesons on the other
hand, are very instructive for further studies. Nowadays, there exists an abundance of theoretical approaches towards the
mesonic spectrum, ranging from confinement models of all kinds, i.e., glueballs, and quark-antiquark, multiquark and hybrid configurations, to models in which only mesonic degrees of freedom
are taken into account. Nature seems to come out somewhere in the middle, neither preferring pure bound states, nor effective
meson-meson physics with only coupling constants and possibly form factors. As a matter of fact, apart from a few exceptions,
like pions and kaons, Nature does not allow us to study mesonic bound states of any kind, which is equivalent to saying that
such states do not really exist. Hence, instead of extrapolating from pions and kaons to the remainder of the meson family,
it is more democratic to consider pions and kaons mesonic resonances that happen to come out below the lowest threshold for
strong decay. Nevertheless, confinement is an important ingredient for understanding the many regularities observed in mesonic
spectra. Therefore, excluding quark degrees of freedom is also not the most obvious way of describing mesons in general, and
scalars and axial-vectors in particular. 相似文献
Novel self-assembled monolayers were obtained on silver using 4,7-diazaheptyl-trimethoxy-silane (SiN) and vinyl-trialkoxy-silane (SiVA, where the alkyl group is 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,33,36,39,42,45,48,51,54,57,60-eicozaoxa- hexaheptaconan). It was shown that thus modified metal surface was protected against electrooxidation. A densely packed monolayer remained stable and did not desorb from the Ag electrode on the potential cycling. The structure of SiN and SiVA as well as their complexes with Li+ cations were calculated and visualised by the AM1d and PM5 semi-empirical methods. 相似文献
The α-phase in Zr-2.5 Nb pressure tubes has been analysed after irradiation with neutrons for temperatures between 523 and 573 K. The α-phase contains Nb in supersaturated solid solution (about 0.5−1 wt% Nb) in the as-fabricated condition. Irradiation results in the formation of small discrete precipitates having diameters of about 5 nm. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis using a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) was complicated by the presence of a self-generated X-rays in the irradiated material and by the fact that the precipitates were small relative to the foil thickness (typically 100–200 nm). Techniques developed to measure segregation of impurities at interfaces were employed to show that the precipitates were Nb-rich, their formation being consistent with a decrease in Nb concentration in the matrix. 相似文献
In terms of effective field theory and mixed-propagator approach, we show that there is a larger hidden effect of isospin
breaking in ρ→πγ decay due to a ω exchange, ρ→ω→πγ. The branching ratio is predicted as B(ρ→πγ) = (11.67±2.0)×10-4, which is much larger than Particle Data Group's datum (6.8±1.7)×10-4 and one of charged mode, B(ρ±→π±γ) = (4.5±0.5)×10-4.
Received: 7 January 2002 / Accepted: 2 April 2002 相似文献