Real-time detection of cofactor availability in genetically modified living Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells — Simultaneous probing of different geno- and phenotypes

This work describes a mediated amperometric method for simultaneous real-time probing of the NAD(P)H availability in two different phenotypes, fermentative and respiratory, of the phosphoglucose isomerase deletion mutant strain of S. cerevisiae, EBY44 [ENY.WA-1A pgi1-1D::URA3], and its parental strain, ENY.WA-1A. The developed method is based on multichannel detection using microelectrode arrays. Its versatility was demonstrated by using four microelectrode arrays for simultaneously monitoring the NAD(P)H availability of both geno- and phenotypes under the influence of two different carbon sources, glucose and fructose, as well as the cytosolic and mitochondrial inhibitor and uncoupler, dicoumarol. The obtained results indicate that the method is capable of accurately and reproducibly (overall relative standard error of mean 3.2%) mapping the real-time responses of the cells with different genotype–phenotype combinations. The ENY.WA cells showed the same response to glucose and fructose when dicoumarol was used; fermentative cells indicated the presence of cytosolic inhibition and respiratory cells a net effect of mitochondrial uncoupling. EBY44 cells showed cytosolic inhibition with the exception of respiratory cells when fructose was used as carbon source.     

Screening for unknown compounds by HPLC using a multichannel diode array UV-VIS spectrophotometer: Application to drug metabolism

This article describes the use of a multichannel UV-VIS detector coupled on-line to an HPLC instrument. Simultaneous measurements of the absorption of a compound over a full range of wavelengths (200–800 nm) makes this almost universal detector a useful tool in screening for unknown compounds. The procedures used to compute so-called spectro-chromatograms and to draw pseudo-three-dimensional plots are discussed. The experimental examples given include an application to screening for drug metabolites in biological fluids.     

Study of a possible S = + 1 dynamically generated baryonic resonance

Starting from the lowest-order chiral Lagrangian for the interaction of the baryon decuplet with the octet of pseudoscalar mesons we find an attractive interaction in the K channel with L = 0 and I = 1, while the interaction is repulsive for I = 2. The attractive interaction leads to a pole in the second Riemann sheet of the complex plane and manifests itself in a large strength of the K scattering amplitude close to the K threshold, which is not the case for I = 2. However, we also make a study of uncertainties in the model and conclude that the existence of this pole depends sensitively upon the input used and can disappear within reasonable variations of the input parameters. We take advantage to study the stability of the other poles obtained for the ^- dynamically generated resonances of the model and conclude that they are stable and not contingent to reasonable changes in the input of the theory.     

具有多通道载流子分离功能的 ZnO/P25异质结构光催化氧化甲苯

甲苯是一种最常见的室内有毒挥发性有机物(VOCs),目前消除方法主要有吸附、催化燃烧和光催化氧化,其中光催化是一种最高效和经济可行的方法,能在较温和条件下将甲苯完全矿化为 CO2.作为研究最广泛的光催化剂, TiO2在应用中通常有锐钛矿(ATiO2)和金红石(RTiO2)两种物相,但单物相 TiO2的低量子产率和光生电子-空穴对的快速复合严重限制了它的应用.本文选择兼具锐钛矿和金红石两种物相的 P25为催化剂载体,通过负载少量 ZnO和构建多组分并具备多通道载流子分离功能的异质结以提高 TiO2基光催化剂的性能.
　　利用一步浸渍法制备了一系列 ZnO/P25复合光催化剂,考察了其光催化降解气相甲苯性能. X射线粉末衍射结果表明, ZnO/P25异质光催化剂是由 ATiO2, RTiO2和红锌矿三种物相结构组成.高分辨透射电镜结果表明, ZnO/P25具备三相异质结 ZnO(002)/ATiO2(101)/RTiO2(110).紫外可见光谱、荧光光谱和光电流表征结果表明, ZnO/P25所形成的三相异质结不但增强了光吸收能力,还实现了多通道电子/空穴分离.催化降解实验表明, ZnO/P25异质光催化剂能在室温紫外光辐射下将甲苯完全矿化为 CO2和 H2O.基于三相异质结和多通道光生电子-空穴对分离的形成及促进作用, ZnO/P25光催化活性和速率均明显高于 P25.本文报道的多通道载流子分离理念可为高效光催化剂设计和应用提供一种新思路.     

Roper resonances in chiral quark models

We derive a method to calculate the multi-channel K -matrix applicable to a broad class of models in which mesons linearly couple to the quark core. The method is used to calculate pion scattering amplitudes in the energy region of low-lying P11 and P33 resonances. A good agreement with experimental data is achieved if in addition to the elastic channel we include the and N ( channels where the -meson models the correlated two-pion decay. We solve the integral equation for the K -matrix in the approximation of separable kernels; it yields a sizable increase of the widths of the (1232) and the N(1440) resonances compared to the bare quark values.     

基于手机的多通路环绕声动态双耳重放*

随着VR眼镜技术的发展,普通的智能手机已可以作为虚拟现实和动态声、视频重放的平台。该文提出了一种基于手机的多通路环绕声动态双耳重放技术及其信号处理的高效实现方法。利用手机内的加速度传感器、电子罗盘、陀螺仪组成头踪迹跟踪器,实时检测倾听者头部的方向,并利用手机的信号处理芯片实现动态双耳合成。采用头相关脉冲响应的最小相位近似和主成分分解的方法简化双耳合成处理,提高了信号处理的效率。文中给出了系统的结构和软、硬件设计方法,并给出了实现22.2通路空间环绕声动态双耳重放的例子。客观测量和心理声学实验验证了所提出的方法。     

An exact FCFS waiting time analysis for a general class of G/G/s queueing systems

A closed form expression for the waiting time distribution under FCFS is derived for the queueing system MGE_k/MGE_m/s, where MGE_n is the class of mixed generalized Erlang probability density functions (pdfs) of ordern, which is a subset of the Coxian pdfs that have rational Laplace transform. Using the calculus of difference equations and based on previous results of the author, it is proved that the waiting time distribution is of the form 1- , under the assumption that the rootsU _j are distinct, i.e. belongs to the Coxian class of distributions of order . The present approach offers qualitative insight by providing exact and asymptotic expressions, generalizes and unifies the well known theories developed for the G/G/1,G/M/s systems and leads to an algorithm, which is polynomial if only one of the parameterss orm varies, and is exponential if both parameters vary. As an example, numerical results for the waiting time distribution of the MGE₂/MGE₂/s queueing system are presented.     

Multichannel image addition and subtraction using joint-transform correlator architecture

A simple technique for multichannel image addition and subtraction has been proposed using a basic joint-transform correlator architecture. Computer simulation and experimental results are provided. The geometry can also be modified to measure small relative displacement between objects, and to implement Hartley transform.     

Kaonic hydrogen versus the K<Superscript>-</Superscript>p low-energy data

We present an exact solution to the K^--proton bound-state problem formulated in the momentum space. The 1s level characteristics of the kaonic hydrogen are computed simultaneously with the available low-energy K ^- p data. In the strong-interaction sector the meson-baryon interactions are described by means of an effective (chirally motivated) separable potential and its parameters are fitted to the experimental data.     

Optical image encryption based on multichannel fractional Fourier transform and double random phase encoding technique

The optical image encryption based on multichannel fractional Fourier transform (FRT) and double random phase encoding technique is proposed. Optical principles of encoding and decoding are analyzed in detail. With this method, one can encrypt different parts of input image, respectively. The system security can be improved to some extent, not only because fractional orders and random phase masks in every channel can be set with freedom, but also because the system parameters among all channels are independent. Numerical simulation results of optical image encryption based on four channel FRT and double random phase encoding are given to verify the feasibility of the method.