Synthesis of a MnO2/multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposite and its application as a sorbent for removing Cu2+ ions from aqueous media

In this research, a manganese dioxide/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MnO₂/MWCNT) was firstly synthesized and characterized and then was applied as an effective sorbent for removing Cu²⁺ ions from aqueous solution. The effects of initial concentration, temperature, contact time, pH solution, and sorbent dosage were investigated and the optimum value of each was determined. The Langmuir isotherm model, Freundlich model, and Temkin model were used to fit our experimental results. Ultimately, using the Van't Hoff approach, the thermodynamic functions of the intended adsorption phenomenon such as ΔH°_ad, ΔS°_ad, and ΔG°_ad were estimated.     

海藻酸钠/IPDI凝胶微球的制备与性能

离子吸附剂;海藻酸钠/IPDI凝胶微球的制备与性能     

复合功能超高交联吸附树脂对氨基萘酚磺酸的静态吸附热力学及动力学特征

吸附动力学;复合功能超高交联吸附树脂对氨基萘酚磺酸的静态吸附热力学及动力学特征;颗粒内扩散;     

血液净化高分子吸附材料

简要总结了我们近年来在血液净化高分子吸附材料方面取得的研究成果. 对于有机小分子吸附剂、中分子吸附剂和生物大分子吸附剂的系统研究,不仅取得了大量的基础性研究结果,而且筛选出了性能优良的血液净化吸附剂,已经与血液灌流装置一起开始应用于临床.     

污水厂剩余污泥制备烟气脱硫吸附剂

以城市污水厂剩余污泥为原料,采用负载金属氧化物的方法进行改性制备烟气脱硫吸附剂,并进行了元素分析、孔结构、扫描电镜性质表征,采用热分析及傅里叶红外光谱法对污泥吸附剂在SO2-O2-H2O(g)-N2体系的吸附机理进行了探讨。结果表明,同时负载质量分数为5%的MnO2和质量分数为5%的MgO的吸附剂性能较好,污泥吸附剂以中孔和大孔结构为主,比表面积较小。在SO2入口质量浓度为2021.38mg/m3、O2质量分数为12%、H2O(g)质量分数为12%、气体流速为2.13m/min和温度为60℃的条件下,污泥吸附剂的脱硫效率为93.7%,吸附容量为99.3mg/g。氨溶液法再生效果较好,再生2次后,脱硫效率下降至93%,吸附容量为84.4mg/g。水蒸气存在时,复合氧化物的协同作用促进了对SO2的化学吸附。等温吸附过程可用Freundlich模型描述,吸附热值为78.4kJ/mol。固定床吸附模型的预测值与实验结果吻合较好。     

磺酸功能化聚合离子液体基磁性吸附剂的制备及对敌草快的萃取

有效萃取复杂食品样品中的极性污染物是实现其准确测定的瓶颈,也是食品安全分析的难点。针对污染物的结构特点,设计和发展能与之产生特定作用的新型材料是高效萃取的关键。敌草快是一种广谱性除草剂,为碱性的阳离子有机化合物。该文以1-乙烯基咪唑和1,3-丙磺酸内酯为原料合成了磺酸功能化的离子液体,通过自由基聚合反应,将其固载至磁性纳米颗粒表面,得到磺酸功能化的聚(1-乙烯基-3-丙基磺酸基咪唑氯盐)修饰的磁性纳米颗粒(Poly([VPImi-SO₃H][Cl])-MP)。采用红外光谱、扫描电镜、振动样品磁强计和热重分析等对其结构、形貌和磁性进行了表征。将其作为磁性固相萃取的吸附剂,萃取青菜中的敌草快。磺酸基的功能化使Poly([VPImi-SO₃H][Cl])-MP的表面在一定pH下带有丰富的负电荷,与敌草快之间产生强的静电吸引作用,可实现对敌草快的有效萃取。对影响萃取效率的各种参数如溶液pH、吸附剂质量、吸附时间、解吸剂种类和体积等进行了优化。在优化条件下,结合磁性固相萃取和高效液相色谱技术,对方法的性能及适用性进行了考察。敌草快在0.2~20 μg/g内具有良好的线性(r=0.9981),检出限(S/N=3)和定量限(S/N=10)分别为0.09 μg/g和0.2 μg/g; 3个水平(0.5、1.0和2.5 μg/g)下的加标回收率为82.7%~97.5%,相对标准偏差为2.8%~5.0%(n=3)。结果表明,磺酸功能化的Poly([VPImi-SO₃H][Cl])-MP能快速、有效地萃取敌草快,建立的方法能用于青菜中敌草快的准确测定。     

Inhibiting the Inevitable; Current Approaches to Slowing the Deterioration of Plastics

Once plastics objects are registered in museum collections, the institution becomes responsible for their long term preservation, until the end of their useful lifetime. Plastics appear to deteriorate faster than other materials in museum collections and have a useful lifetime between 5 and 25 years. Preventive or inhibitive conservation involves controlling the environments in which objects are placed during storage and display, with the aim of slowing the major deterioration reactions. Once in progress, degradation of plastics cannot be stopped or reversed, so the aim of preventive conservation is to ‘buy time’ for the object. Inhibitive conservation of plastics involves the removal or reduction of factors causing or accelerating degradation including light, oxygen, acids, relative humidity and acidic breakdown products. Specific approaches to conservation have been developed for cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, PVC and polyurethanes by considering the most effective action to inhibit their major degradation pathways. The purpose of this article is to outline the main factors causing degradation of the least stable plastics in museum collections and present an overview of the conservation treatments established to date. Recent research has suggested that some of the conservation practices to slow the rate of deterioration in use today, particularly those for cellulose nitrate and acetate, are poorly effective and that alternatives should be evaluated. One alternative is low temperature storage.     

One-pot fabrication of magnetic adsorbent based on polymeric ionic liquid/aminated carbon nanotubes composite for efficient capture of synthetic auxins in complex samples prior to chromatographic analysis

Efficient enrichment is a challenging and indispensable step in the quantification of polar synthetic auxins in complex samples. In the current study, a new magnetic adsorbent based on polymeric ionic liquid/aminated carbon nanotube composite was fabricated with a one-pot precipitation copolymerization strategy and employed as the extraction phase of magnetic solid phase extraction of synthetic auxins. Various characterization techniques were utilized to inspect the morphology, structure, magnetic property, and functional groups of the prepared adsorbent. Under the optimal conditions, the obtained adsorbent displayed satisfactory capture performance towards studied auxins through multiple interactions. Adsorption studies evidenced that the adsorption procedure of the developed method towards analytes was fit for the Freundlich adsorption model and pseudo-second-order kinetics. Combining with high-performance liquid chromatography, sensitive and reliable method for the identification and quantification of trace synthetic auxins in environmental water and fruit juice samples was developed. The obtained limits of detection for water and fruit juice samples located in the ranges of 0.0059–0.013 and 0.018–0.031 μg/L, respectively. Recoveries in actual samples with different fortified contents varied from 82.2% to 117%, with satisfactory reproducibility. The results will evidence that the introduced extraction technique is a useful alternative for the entrapment of trace synthetic auxins from complex samples.     

Binding and Sulfonation of Poly(acrylic acid) on Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: a Novel,Magnetic, Strong Acid Cation Nano‐Adsorbent

Summary: A novel, magnetic, strong acid cation nano‐adsorbent has been developed by the covalent binding of poly(acrylic acid) on the surface of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles followed by sulfonation using sulfanilic acid via carbodiimide activation. The nano‐absorbent can be easily recovered or manipulated with an external magnetic field and shows a good capacity for the rapid and efficient adsorption of multivalent metal cations from aqueous solutions.

An illustration for the binding and sulfonation of PAA on Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles to produce a magnetic, strong acid cation nano‐adsorbent.